斜齿轮齿面摩擦力对动力学的弯曲效应

文章利用能量最小原理计算斜齿轮时变接触线上的载荷分布,在考虑齿面摩擦的情况下计算轮齿接触点的变形,通过对比有无摩擦两种情况的计算结果后可知,齿面摩擦对齿轮弯曲特性的影响较为明显,节点处的变形突变较大势必将引起较大的刚度变化从而带来振动和噪音。在考虑齿面摩擦的情况下构建齿轮的动力学模型,给出了主、从动齿轮绕旋转中心的振动位移轨迹。     

计入船体变形及齿间摩擦的齿面接触疲劳强度

船舶在波浪中航行时,船体总弯曲变形会使沿船体纵向布置的齿轮机构的轴承支座中心距产生缩减.在一定条件下,这种中心距缩减会导致互相啮合的两齿轮间产生附加径向压力.本文导出了计入这种附加径向压力、齿间摩擦及轴承间隙综合影响的船用齿轮齿面接触疲劳强度优化计算公式.利用此公式计算齿面接触疲劳强度可使船用齿轮的设计更合理,更安全.     

船用齿轮齿面接触疲劳强度的研究

船舶在波浪中航行时,船体总弯曲变形会使沿船体纵向布置齿轮机构的轴承支座中心距产生缩减.在一定条件下,这种中心距缩减会导致互相啮合的两齿轮间产生附加径向压力.文章导出了计入这种附加径向压力和轴承间隙综合影响的船用齿轮齿面接触疲劳强度优化计算公式,以此公式计算齿面接触疲劳强度可使船用齿轮的设计更合理,更安全.     

基于Ansys人字齿弯曲强度分析计算方法

人字齿轮具有承载能力高、传动平稳等特点而被广泛应用于船舶重载齿轮箱中。如何准确计算人字齿轮的强度一直是困扰业界的难点之一。本文提出了一种基于有限元法,模拟齿面载荷分布的计算方法,该法通过事先确定齿轮的啮合位置,接触线和啮合节点的坐标,计算齿面啮合节点的柔度系数,将齿轮的动态啮合接触过程转换为多次线性规划问题的求解。此法不仅节省了计算时间,且对于处理大尺寸具有对称性的人字齿轮尤显优势。     

船用重载斜齿轮啮合过程接触有限元仿真分析

应用3-D建模软件UG和有限元分析软件ANSYS建立某大型船用减速器斜齿轮多齿啮合的三维有限元非线性接触分析模型。通过接触仿真分析轮齿的变形、综合应力、齿根弯曲应力和齿面接触应力等参数。仿真结果与赫兹理论计算结果相比,说明有限元接触法具有较高的计算精度以及处理复杂边界条件的特点,可为斜齿轮的设计提供可靠的分析手段。     

齿轮齿面温度场计算

齿轮齿面温度场的大小对齿轮传动的性能与失效以及齿轮润滑系统的设计等有着重要的影响。齿轮温度的热平衡状态和齿轮本体温度以及齿面瞬时温度的变化极为复杂。本文综合考虑齿轮转速,润滑油热传导率、密度、比热、运动粘度以及间隙冷却过程中的标准化总冷却量等影响,给出了齿轮齿面温度场计算方法。本次研究成果对理论、设计具有一定的指导意义。     

舵系锥轴锥孔连接受力分析

通过对船舶航行工况条件下锥面连接的受力分析,得出锥面连接的表面接触比压与其能传递的轴向摩擦力和摩擦扭矩关系的计算公式;并对压入安装工况条件下锥面连接的受力分析,得出装配时压入力与接触比压关系的计算公式。通过实例计算,证明该计算方法是可行的。     

斜齿轮齿面接触型故障的仿真与诊断方法研究

从齿轮的单自由度振动模型出发,运用差分算法对模型进行求解,得到斜齿轮的振动加速度响应,将齿面接触型故障等效为在局部点突加一个冲击载荷,对齿轮齿面接触型故障进行了仿真,利用小波降噪和共振解调技术分别对仿真的染噪振动加速度信号进行处理,成功地提取了轮齿接触故障的信息。     

行星齿轮传动系统齿面修形研究

论述轮齿修形原理、齿面修形参数及齿面修形曲线表达式。利用齿轮轮齿接触分析软件,建立行星齿轮传动系统的有限元分析模型。文中将行星齿轮传动系统作为一个整体,分析齿面修形对行星齿轮传动系统动态特性的影响。研究结果显示,齿轮修形能够有效改善行星齿轮传动系统内部激励,从而降低系统的振动特性;还能够有效改善行星齿轮传动系统在啮合过程中的动态啮合力,提高传动系统传递载荷的平稳性,降低系统的振动噪声。     

论齿间摩擦力对齿根弯曲疲劳强度的影响

研究齿间摩擦力对齿轮齿根弯曲疲劳强度所产生的影响。经过系统的分析及计算，推导归纳出包括轮齿间摩擦力影响的齿根弯曲强度一般验算公式以及简化验算公式。一系列数值计算表明：一般情况下轮齿间摩擦力产生的影响甚微因此，对于轮齿面闭式齿轮传动或不重要的硬齿面闭式齿轮传动可完全不讦轮齿间摩擦力对齿根弯曲疲劳强度的影响，但对于重要的硬齿面闭式齿轮传动应按照本文导出的简化验算公式校验齿根弯曲疲劳强度。     

芜申线航道整治工程中复合地基摩擦系数的试验研究

芜申线航道全长92.084 km,护岸总长度约106 km,护岸挡土墙大部分座落在粉质黏土层和淤泥质粉质黏土层上,地质条件较差,为了护岸的安全,对软土地基进行小木桩和水泥搅拌桩处理.详细介绍了原状土地基和复合地基现场摩擦系数试验的方法、工况和成果,为内河航道护岸设计中摩擦系数的选取提供了现场试验资料,具有较好的实用价值.     

波浪作用下沙纹床面形态及底摩阻系数研究

波浪作用形成的沙纹在近海区域普遍存在,准确预测沙纹床面形态并计算对应的底摩阻系数是研究近岸波浪变形、泥沙输运及岸滩演变的基础。利用国外公开发表的室内试验和现场观测数据对已有计算沙纹形态的典型公式进行分析评价。考虑床面形态与水流条件的互相适应,提出新的平衡状态下沙纹长度、高度及波陡计算公式;引入临界Shields参数判别函数来考虑底床泥沙运动状态对沙纹形态的影响;通过理论推导得到波浪摩阻系数计算公式,并利用沙纹形态计算公式改进粗糙高度的计算方法。结果表明,提出的沙纹形态计算公式能够较好地刻画不同底沙运动状态下沙纹床面几何特征,临界Shields参数对于沙纹形态的计算具有重要影响;新得到的沙纹长度和高度公式可以有效地应用于波浪摩阻系数计算。     

Research on the pipeline walking caused by cyclic increasing soil friction for free deep-sea submarine pipelines laid on even seabed

Pipelines are important to offshore oil and gas development, but suffers from the pipeline walking phenomenon due to cyclic temperature variations—where large axial walking distances threaten the safety of pipeline systems. Current research indicates that pipeline walking is triggered by steel catenary riser (SCR) tension, seabed slopes, or thermal transients. This paper proposes a new driving mechanism for the pipeline walking phenomenon, involving cyclic hardening soil strength. The finite element analysis method was adopted to analyse the soil friction difference induced walking phenomenon, and the influence of key parameters on the gain in soil friction on walking distance was studied. Pipeline walking distances under different drainage conditions in the heating and cooling processes were also calculated, and the impact of the degree of drainage in the heating process was determined. To better understand the new pipeline walking mechanism, theoretical analysis of the walking behaviour under different cyclic soil friction conditions was carried out. Analytical solutions for estimating the pipeline walking distance were also provided, based on the simplified theoretical analysis.     

Experimental study on the interlayer friction and wear mechanism between armor wires of umbilicals

Friction and wear behavior between armor wire layers of umbilical plays an important role in its mechanical properties, in particular its fatigue life. The present paper addresses friction tests to investigate the interlayer sliding friction and wear mechanism of armor wires in an umbilical. A series of friction tests were carried out to study the evolution of coefficient of friction (COF) and wear between armor wire layers. The results show that the COF increases with increasing number of reciprocating sliding cycles in dry friction condition. A dual stable trend was found in the evolution process of interlayer friction and wear of armor wires. A friction model was proposed to describe this trend by dividing the evolution process into three stages: the initial stable stage, the transition stage, and the latter stable stage. The mechanism of the dual stable trend was revealed, which was mainly caused by wear process of nylon fiber tape, and effected by dry/wet wear condition and wear coefficient. The effect of the contact condition, sliding amplitude and number of nylon fiber tape on COF was studied. The COF of the latter stable stage increases with increasing sliding amplitude and number of layers of nylon fiber tape. The finding in this paper provides a valuable approach for a more accurate fatigue life prediction of an umbilical.     

（1. Shanghai Representative Office of Military in Underwater Acoustic Navigation System,Shanghai 200032, China;2. Shanghai Acoustics Laboratory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032, China）舷侧艏锚锚链摩擦外板问题分析

某型小水线面双体船采用舷侧出锚,在开放海域内抛锚后,船体随风浪漂移,从而引发锚链与船体外板摩擦。文中利用悬链线方程并结合图示详细分析了此类问题的起因,分析得出最优解决方案,从而有效避免后期类似问题的发生,较好地提高了船舶使用性能。     

LF21铝合金厚板搅拌摩擦焊接接头微观组织研究

针对14 mm厚的LF21铝合金,采用搅拌摩擦焊进行焊接,焊后对接头的宏观形貌、微观组织和接头不同区域的显微硬度进行分析.实验结果表明:在焊接速度v为200mm*min-1,转速ω为1200rad*min-1时,焊缝成型较美观,焊缝内部无空洞、裂纹等缺陷.显微组织观察发现焊核区的组织为再结晶等轴晶粒,晶粒明显细化;热机械影响区组织由原始母材细纤维组织转变为具有一定弧度的弯曲粗纤维组织;热影响区范围较窄,晶粒与母材相似,但出现了晶粒粗化现象.显微硬度实验发现,焊缝中层和上层的显微硬度较高,而下层较低.     

软土地基桩基负摩阻力简化计算方法

负摩阻力的计算是桩基工程设计中最重要的问题之一。由于港口及配套工程大多处于港湾滩涂或吹填区域,土层中存在较厚的软弱层（如淤泥质土、淤泥等）,场地内分布的软弱土层厚度大且大多尚未完成固结,因此设计中需要考虑负摩阻力及下拉荷载对桩基承载力的影响。目前,国内相关规范中虽然提出了桩基负摩阻力的计算公式,但规范相关条款却有待完善。基于国内外文献及工程实际,首先分析了软土地基中桩基负摩阻力产生的原因与危害,然后结合国内规范提出了桩基负摩阻力及下拉荷载的简化计算方法,最后总结了减少桩基负摩阻力的工程优化措施,并对以后的研究提出了展望。     

搅拌工具轴肩和搅拌头轮廓对铝合金搅拌摩擦焊的影响一对比研究(英文)

In marine application,marine grade steel is generally used for haul and superstructures.However,aluminum has also become a good choice due to its lightweight qualities,while rusting of aluminum is minimal compared to steel.In this paper a study on friction stir welding of aluminum alloys was presented.The present investigation deals with the effects of different friction stir welding tool geometries on mechanical strength and the microstructure properties of aluminum alloy welds.Three distinct tool geometries with different types of shoulder and tool probe profiles were used in the investigation according to the design matrix.The effects of each tool shoulder and probe geometry on the weld was evaluated.It was also observed that the friction stir weld tool geometry has a significant effect on the weldment reinforcement,microhardness,and weld strength.     

An experimental/numerical approach for evaluating skin friction on full-scale ships with surface roughness

For an accurate evaluation of the increase in skin friction due to various surface topographies on ships, i.e. plate roughness, coatings, or bio fouling, both experimental measurements and a numerical evaluation of those measurements are necessary. The measurements are necessary as no other practical method exists to evaluate the skin friction coefficient on most surface topographies, and numerical evaluation is required to compute the roughness effects of varying ship types and speeds. Therefore, a method for measuring the skin friction coefficient for bio-fouled and structured surfaces at full-scale friction velocity is presented, and a validation of the design and measuring procedures is given. For the ship frictional resistance calculations, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code ShipFlow has been modified to take the added friction into account.