舰船供电生命力测试分析

针对目前舰船供电生命力的实际测试问题,从供电生命力的设计原则和电力系统组成两方面出发,对测试指标及测试方法进行分析研究。结合某型舰船性能鉴定工作,设计形成一整套试验方案,并进行实船测试。结果显示,该方案克服了原来的软件设计模拟评估这一缺陷,可为后续舰船性能鉴定工作提供理论和实践支撑,也可为舰船生命力评价提供一条新思路。     

舰船电站系统典型故障时运行模式及控制策略分析

针对舰船电站设备出现典型故障的情况进行了全面的分析,为确保供电连续性和安全性,提高舰船电力系统生命力,提出了发生故障时电站运行的控制策略.     

全电力推进船舶推进控制技术研究

全电力推进船舶是当今国际造船业发展的一个热点,而迄今为止国内尚无此类船舶的推进控制产品,为此设计了一种全电力推进船舶推进控制系统。根据全电力推进船舶的特性,对推进控制、转舵控制进行了深入研究,特别是鉴于电力推进船舶其推进系统的动力是由船舶电网直接供给的,因此重点分析了如何保证在推进负荷突变时船舶电网供电的安全与稳定,并给出了有效的解决方法。此外,系统还进行了模块化设计以提高其可靠性、集成性和可扩展性。     

Hybrid Electric Drive for DDG-51 Class Destroyers

The first of the Arleigh Burke class destroyers is nearing its mid-life. This class of ships was designed during the late 1970s through the 1980s to meet the threats that were prevalent at that time. Since entering service in 1991, these ships have shown themselves to be extremely versatile and the class now consists of nearly 60 ships in service. Their combat systems have been continually upgraded and adapted to meet the new threats the United States faces today. However, in order to keep these platforms viable throughout the first half of the 21st century, their operating costs must be reduced. Manpower, maintenance, and fuel are three of the top operating cost drivers. Most surface combatants spend very little of their underway time operating at full speed or even close to that. Over 1/3 of their underway time is spent at 12 knots and under. This is less than half of their maximum speed and only a fraction of the maximum power owing to the cubic speed–power relationship. Although the existing mechanical drive system is reasonably efficient, the main gas turbines are extremely inefficient at these very low power levels. A shaft-mounted auxiliary electric propulsion system (EPS) can take advantage of excess capacity in the ship service generators to reduce the main engine operating hours. Enabling bi-directional power flow from this auxiliary electric drive will provide additional generation capacity for ship service loads at a modest additional cost. It also provides a "cross-connect" capability from one shaft to the other. This paper will explore one prospect for reducing the operating cost of the DDG-51 class of ships by installing an auxiliary EPS that would powered by the ship service electrical plant. This additional system would serve to reduce both underway fuel usage as well as maintenance on the gas turbine main engines by reducing the number of operating hours on each engine. We will examine the technology trade-offs in this ongoing study.     

水面舰船研制过程中重量重心控制方法

舰船研制过程中的重量重心控制是关系舰船在全寿期内能否保持舰船基本生存能力特性(稳性、不沉性)的重要问题。介绍了国内外舰船设计过程中排水量极限和重心高极限、排水量及重心高储备设计、各阶段重量重心计算细致度、减重优化设计等控制方法,通过分析舰船建造和使用中的重量重心控制现状和控制方法,提出了水面舰船研制中建立完整的重量重心控制体系,在总体顶层、系统设计、建造、管理等方面的重量重心控制措施和储备设计方法。     

基于模糊综合评判的舰艇推进系统生命力评估

应用模糊数学理论对舰船推进系统生命力进行了模糊综合评判,讨论了舰船推进系统在常用武器攻击下的模糊评估模型,并以某型舰艇的推进系统为例,通过综合模糊评估,得出整个推进系统的生命力指标.评估结果说明,根据加权模糊综合评判模型,可把模糊性很强的舰船生命力指标量化,为推进系统设计方案选优提供依据.     

船舶加装脱硫塔相关电气工程设计

概述脱硫塔工作原理，围绕电源配电、电缆配置、接口设置、辅助系统和拓展部分等方面对船舶加装脱硫塔相关电气工程设计进行分析，加强对船舶脱硫塔的功能化建设，优化船舶的实际运营模式，提高船舶加装脱硫塔相关电气工程设计能力和方案执行能力。     

保障气垫船供油系统正常运行措施

气垫船作为一种特殊船型,在研制过程中与常规船有很大区别。为了保障气垫船在航行时的连续性、可靠性和安全性,特配置两套发电机组,互为备用、交替运行;着重介绍了在两套发电机组交替过程中,为确保全船供油系统正常运行而采取的相应措施。     

基于DSP舰用全数字化控制逆变启动电源设计

舰船电站配备有交流电动滑油泵用交流电动机,对交流电机有直接启动和快速变频软启动的不同要求,本文给出了一种基于DSP全数字化控制的交流电机专用逆变启动电源设计方法。该逆变启动电源具有升压和逆变两级功率变换,升压电路采用变参数PI控制以提高动态响应能力,逆变电路具有输出电压闭环控制环节,并采用SVPWM调制技术提高直流母线电压利用率和改善逆变输出电压波形。本文对电源的系统结构、工作原理及控制策略进行了介绍,目前该电源已交付使用。     

现代舰船区域配电

文章通过对舰船传统配电技术和区域配电技术的比较,并以美国海军DD(X)舰配电系统为例,介绍了现代舰船的区域配电技术,分析了区域配电通过改善供电的连续性,在提高舰船生命力方面所起的作用.     

损伤树在舰艇电力系统生命力评估中的应用

根据系统工程数学中的可靠性理论，提出了舰艇电力系统生命力的损伤树分析方法，建立了该系统的损伤树和生命力评估模型，并对其进行了详细的说明．为电力系统生命力的评估提出了一种实用简便的方法。通过对某舰电力系统生命力评估分析，提出了提高电力系统生命力的合理建议。     

船舶电站相位差检测装置的设计与实现

电站是船舶动力装置的关键设备,为提高其并联运行可靠性,在分析相位差检测原理的基础上,提出采用中断方式获取恒定超前时间来提高并联运行控制器的工作精度。该方法通过中断方式对高速计数器进行复位和读取操作并通过算法计算出提前合闸的时刻,使相位差在断路器合闸的瞬间可靠为零。基于该方法设计了并联运行控制器,并完成了外围硬件电路设计,以及PLC的硬件组态和程序编程。经仿真平台运行实验验证,该并联运行控制器可有效降低合闸瞬间的冲击环流约30%,提高了电站运行的可靠性,为船舶电力系统的研究设计提供了有益参考。     

Survivability of an ocean patrol vessel – Analysis approach and uncertainty treatment

Military ocean patrol vessels (OPVs) are today an increasingly common type of naval ship. To facilitate the wide range of tasks with small crews, OPVs represent several ship design compromises between, for example, survivability, redundancy and technical endurance, and some of these compromises are new to military ships.The aim of this study is to examine how the design risk control-options in relation to survivability, redundancy and technical endurance can be linked to the operational risk in a patrol and surveillance scenario. The ship operation for a generic OPV, including the actions of the threat, is modelled with a Bayesian network describing the scenario and the dependency among different influences.The scenario is described with expert data collected from subject matter experts. The approach includes an analysis of uncertainty using Monte Carlo analysis and numerical derivative analysis.The results show that it is possible to link the performance of specific ship design features to the operational risk. Being able to propagate the epistemic uncertainties through the model is important to understand how the uncertainty in the input affects the output and the output uncertainty for the studied case is small relative to the input uncertainty. The study shows that linking different ship design features for aspects such as survivability, redundancy and technical endurance to the operational risk gives important information for the ship design decision-making process.     

舰船多电站供电网络研究与分析

为保障电力系统供电的生命力,一般舰船都设有两个电站或多个电站,向全船负载供电。通过对电力系统冗余设计、电气设备布置、损害管制设计进行了研究与分析。从而得出结论:多电站供电网络是冗余设计的结果,实际运行不需要环网供电。     

舰船电力系统生命力的加权模糊综合评判

应用模糊数学理论对舰船电力系统生命力进行了模糊综合评判，讨论了舰船电力系统在多种武器攻击下的模糊评估模型，并以某型舰艇的电力系统为例，通过对其子系统的模糊评估分析，得出整个电力系统的生命力指标。评估结果说明了根据加权模糊综合评判模型，可以把模糊性很强的舰船生命力指标定量化，为电力系统设计方案选优提供依据。     

基于混沌遗传算法的舰船区域配电系统故障恢复算法

舰船电力系统的网络重构是恢复系统故障、提高舰船生命力的重要途径之一。本文提出了一种混沌遗传混合算法对其进行求解,提高了遗传算法的收敛速度及精度,避免了不成熟收敛。     

可监测性设计理论在船舶动力机械系统设计中的应用

船舶动力机械系统一旦出现故障直接威胁船舶安全,但是船舶服役后难以增加设备完善动力机械运行状态的监测。为此,提出了可监测性设计理论内涵,在常规船舶设计建造阶段考虑动力机械系统的可监测性,从而构建出可监测性设计理论在船舶动力机械系统设计中的工程应用框架。以远洋救助船动力机械系统为例,分析了可监测性设计理论在机械系统设计中的具体应用。实践证明,可监测性设计理论在船舶动力机械系统中的工程化实施增强了其可监测性,大大提高了自身状态监测和故障诊断能力水平,并且为船舶动力机械创新设计和机械系统的可再制造提供了保障和技术支撑。     

舰船恒压消防供水技术

根据《舰船通用规范》及《舰船消防要求》的具体规定，针对我国海军现有舰船“水灭火系统”动力水源的配置现状，分析了目前舰船“水灭火系统”和各个“海水系统”供水原理的共性及不足，提出了用一种集成化、标准化和模块化式的“海水工作站”技术全面综合地替代舰船“水灭火系统”乃至各个“海水系统”的动力水源的设计思路，用于缩短各系统对终端用户的响应时间、提高各系统快速反应能力，提高各系统的工作可靠性乃至整个舰船的生命力。重点分析了采用舰船恒压消防供水技术的可行性，同时归纳了舰船恒压消防供水技术的特点及应用意义，叙述了舰船恒压消防供水技术的工作原理，并对舰船恒压消防供水装置的基本组成及工作可靠性进行了全面分析。     

Characteristics of low-frequency motions of ships moored inside ports and harbors on the basis of field observations

In order to understand characteristics of low-frequency motions of ships moored inside ports and harbors, analysis on actual cargo handling logbook of stevedoring services company, including events of interruption of cargo handling, and countermeasure for ship mooring problems are investigated by field observations at two ports and numerical simulation on moored ship motions. First model port concerns with interruption of cargo handling due to the low-frequency motions. Second model port relates to a resonant effect of long-period waves or harbor oscillations, and its countermeasure by mooring system. From the investigation, it is confirmed that the low-frequency motions of ships are induced by a resonance between surge motions and long-period waves or harbor oscillations and an asymmetry in the mooring system, and affect safe ship mooring and operation efficiency of cargo handling in ports and harbors significantly.     

水下爆炸对舰船结构损伤特征研究综述

鱼雷、水雷等水中兵器是舰船生命力的主要威胁之一。舰船水下爆炸已成为国际上研究的热点问题,虽然,近年来在舰船水下爆炸领域取得了一系列丰硕的研究成果,但迄今为止,水下爆炸冲击波、气泡运动及其对舰船结构的毁伤机理与规律仍未被完全揭示。针对此研究现状,首先分析了水下爆炸载荷特性,总结了水下爆炸对舰船结构的毁伤特性;其次,从应用研究和科学研究两方面,概括了舰船水下爆炸实验、理论分析以及数值方法方面的研究进展,总结了在基础研究方面存在的问题,旨在为舰船抗爆抗冲击相关研究提供参考。