基于人工智能和数字孪生技术的码头全周期健康监测应用研究

码头健康监测是利用现场的、无损的、实时的方式采集码头结构与环境信息,通过分析结构反应的各种特征对码头结构状态进行识别,提高码头设施的安全性、适用性和耐久性,确保码头设施处于良好技术状态。通过对码头健康监测的现状研究,对码头的全周期健康监测技术路线进行研究,同时引入基于人工智能数字孪生技术对码头的技术状态进行识别,为码头全周期安全运行提供技术支撑。     

建码头要不要建压载水（灭活）设施？有说法

最近一个时期以来,在港口码头的建设中,有的专家和主管部门,要求码头业主要建设接收和处理船舶压载水（灭活）设施,如洋山深水港区三期、湛江港化学品码头工程等。各方面意见不一致,建码头要不要建压载水（灭活）设施？     

集装箱码头装卸设施使用状况和发展趋势

1集装箱码头装卸设施集装箱码头装卸机械是码头固定资产主要投资部分,因其价格昂贵,只有在急需时,集装箱码头才会考虑配备新的码头装卸设施。图1为2002年世界码头在岸边集装箱装卸起重机(STS)、多用途门座起重机(MHC)、轮胎式龙门起重机(RTG)、轨道式龙门起重     

某液化天然气码头系泊设施布置研究

以某液化天然气(LNG)码头工程的设计为例,针对各种码头布置形式的不同泊位长度,通过OPTIMOOR系泊软件分析LNG船舶的系泊状况,详细分析各种码头系泊设施布置方案对不同船型的适应性,并结合物理模型试验成果确定最终的码头泊位长度和系泊设施布置方案.     

重力式码头靠泊能力论证内容的确定

从航行条件适应度论证、码头附属设施安全核算和码头主体结构安全核算等方面简述了对超原设计船型的重力式码头靠泊能力的论证内容,结合工程实例介绍了重力式码头靠泊能力论证的应用。     

基于AHP-SPA的重大件码头通航安全研究

目前我国基础设施建设持续增长,刺激了许多大型配套设施的需求,为重大件码头的发展提供了机遇。由于重大件码头的建设必然会对该水域及周围的通航环境造成一定的影响,从而会改变码头附近水域的通航条件,影响通航安全。本文拟以广东某重大件码头为例,利用层次分析法和集对分析法构建评价模型,对该码头的通航安全进行研究,以期保证码头附近水域航行畅通,避免通航环境的恶化,保障船舶通航安全。     

提高集装箱码头作业效率的措施

集装箱码头的作业效率是码头能力的综合反应.提高集装箱码头作业效率可从管理方面入手,合理配置设备,挖掘码头设施和设备的潜力,根本途径是实现码头作业的完全自动化.     

集装箱码头设备设施集控系统技术方案及其效益

当前,我国港口正处于快速发展时期,码头设备设施数量高速增长,其管理水平直接影响港口作业的质量、进度和效益。[1]目前集装箱码头设备设施存在信息化管理技术滞后、监控力度不足、控制实时性差、相关保护措施不足及管理分散等缺点。为适应现代化港口建设需要,加强集装箱码头设备设施管理,     

军用物资装备水路集装箱运输无码头卸载方法

正军用物资装备水路集装箱运输以优良的港口码头设施和装卸设备为载体。在平时,军队可以依靠地方港口码头设施和设备,组织实施军用物资装备水路集装箱运输装卸作业;但在战时,卸载地域的港口码头设施和设备极易遭到破坏,卸载环境恶劣,卸载条件有限,导致大型集装箱和各种车辆装备面临卸载难的问题。本文介绍军用物资装备水路集装箱运输无码头卸载方法,以期通过借鉴世界发     

大型重力式矿石码头改造工程的设计分析

文章以实际工程为例,对码头工程现状进行了分析,然后从码头主体结构设计、基床改造加固设计、码头附属设施设计、配套工程设计等几个方面对码头泊位改造工程的设计进行了分析,最后对码头泊位改造工程中需要注意的地方进行了探讨。     

Intrusions of eastern North Atlantic central waters and phytoplankton in the north and northwestern Iberian shelf during spring

The influence of intrusions of eastern North Atlantic central water (ENACW) in the north and northwestern Iberian shelf on phytoplankton composition and abundance and on particle-size distributions of seston was analyzed using data collected on three extensive cruises during spring 1991 and 1992. Water with temperature and salinity values between 12.20 and 13.86 °C and between 35.66 and 35.98 psu, respectively, characteristics of the subtropical type of ENACW (ENACW_t), was detected in the upper 100 m of the water-column in all cruises, but particularly in the western coast in 1992. The highest salinity values of this water were found near the surface (0–100-m depth) and in early spring 1992, while minimum salinity values, and also minimum geographical extension, were found in late spring in both years. Phytoplankton blooms concentrated in frontal areas between different water types, with maximum intensity and extension in early spring.Using temperature and salinity characteristics, samples were classified in four groups corresponding to the major water types found in the region: Bay of Biscay central water (BBCW), two segments of ENACW of different salinity and surface water influenced by continental runoff. This classification was significantly confirmed by three independent discriminant analyses using hydrographic and chemical (dissolved nutrients and chlorophyll) variables, phytoplankton species abundance variables and particle-size concentration of seston variables. Phytoplankton blooms related to the presence of saline waters were characterized by the dominance of either chain-forming diatoms or a mixture of diatoms and phytoflagellates and high concentrations of seston. The diatom species dominating in saline waters were typical of upwelling-induced blooms occurring generally during summer. Blooms occurring in waters influenced by runoff also contained diatoms but in lower numbers than those of saline waters. Nutrients were not exhausted in the region, suggesting that phytoplankton populations were still in active growth. These results are interpreted taking into account the known variability in water-mass formation and in the poleward current driving ENACW_t along the shelf, and indicate that saline intrusions are a major feature affecting the distribution and composition of plankton in the spring in the southern Bay of Biscay, thus enlarging to a wider spatial scale their reported influence on the pelagic ecosystem.     

土工合成材料在堤坝工程中的应用

通过分析近年来土工合成材料在长江口深水航道、洋山港、太仓港、吕四港、宁波港、曹妃甸等具有代表性的堤坝工程中的应用情况,系统总结了土工合成材料在堤坝工程中的应用经验,可对同类工程有所借鉴.     

Exploring the effects of passenger rail franchising in Britain: Evidence from the first two rounds of franchising (1997-2008)

This paper provides an up-to-date review of the previous literature concerning the impact of passenger rail franchising on productivity and costs in Britain, and also presents important new evidence. In particular, the extension in time of previously-used datasets offers the first opportunity to study the impacts of re-franchising. The previous literature emphasised the failure of franchising to produce sustained productivity gains, with a sharp deterioration in productivity after 2000. The new evidence presented offers a somewhat more positive view of the British experience. It suggests that part of what was previously considered to be falling productivity may in fact be due to exogenous changes in diesel prices. Further, new data suggests that the recent increases in costs have resulted in higher quality of service. Finally, competitive re-franchising, and the associated unwinding of short-term management and re-negotiated contracts, seems to have led to improvements in productivity between 2006 and 2008. Nevertheless, it remains the case that passenger rail franchising in Britain has failed to reduce costs in the way experienced in many other industries and in rail in other European countries. The evidence is that somewhat larger franchises, avoiding overlapping and optimising train density and length, should reduce costs. We also speculate that the major increase in wages and conditions of staff might be moderated by longer franchises, although that remains to be proved. This re-appraisal of the British case is important in the context of the wider international interest in the use of franchising in passenger rail, and its relevance to the current review of ways of introducing competition into the domestic rail passenger market in Europe.     

风浪中螺旋桨水动力变化的实用计算方法

风浪中螺旋桨水动力变化规律是研究舰船在风浪中速航性能的重要方面。本文参照有关文献,提出了一种计算风浪中螺旋桨推力、转矩损失的实用定量计算方法,既可用于较精确地估算舰船在风浪中的增阻和失速,还可供提高舰船在风浪中速航性的研究和螺旋桨设计参考。     

Decentralized Coastal Zone Management in Malaysia and Indonesia: A Comparative Perspective 1

Transferring decision-making process from central to local government and enhancing the role of local communities in managing coastal zones is an increasing commitment by governments in Southeast Asia. This article analyzes decentralized coastal zone management in two neighboring countries, Malaysia and Indonesia. The Federal system in Malaysia is argued to be able to influence more decentralized coastal zone management and to promote community-based management approaches. Meanwhile, the large diversity of coastal resources and communities combined with a still as yet tested decentralization policy in Indonesia is argued to bring more challenges in implementing the decentralization and community-based approaches in coastal zones. The lessons learned in this study provide insight in how far decentralized coastal zone management has taken place in Malaysia and Indonesia. The significant differences in the pattern of coastal zone management in these two countries are discussed in detail. This study recognizes that co-management and community-based approaches can be appropriate in dealing with coastal zone management. This comparative perspective is important to the development of a bigger picture of sustainable coastal zone management processes and cross-regional knowledge-sharing in Southeast Asia.     

Exploring relationships between recruitment of European hake (Merluccius merluccius L. 1758) and environmental factors in the Ligurian Sea and the Strait of Sicily (Central Mediterranean)

This paper explores the relationships between the spatial patterns of the distribution of the young hakes of the year (YOY) and the oceanographical features in two areas of the Central Mediterranean (the Ligurian Sea and the Strait of Sicily), characterised by the occurrence of straits and channels. Comparative and correlative approaches were used to investigate coupling between biological and physical patterns. Density indices of the YOY were derived from annual trawl surveys from 1994 to 2004 in spring and autumn. Mean patterns of the YOY distributions were compared with the mesoscale oceanographical features reported in literature. No evident trends in recruitment strength were found in either areas. Inter-annual variability in YOY abundance in the Ligurian Sea was higher than in the Strait of Sicily. The location of nursery grounds in the study areas coincides with zones of relatively higher production, where upwelling and other enrichment processes regularly occur. The presence of predictable eddies and the frontal systems play a major role in the localization of nursery areas in the Strait of Sicily, maintaining their stable position throughout the years. The strongest transport of southern waters from the Tyrrhenian to the Ligurian Sea, due to the East Corsica Current, which is negatively correlated to winter North Atlantic Oscillation, is associated with the highest abundance of hake recruits in the nurseries of the Northern Ligurian Sea.     

军事中的人机结合与作战自动化研究

信息化作战不仅使战场环境更加复杂多变,而且使得作战节奏加倍提升,指挥自动化在作战中显得越来越重要。文章分析和探究了军事领域中人机结合的演化模式和作战指挥自动化问题,从宏观层次阐述了科技进步对技术装备开发与作战指挥模式的影响机理,总结了它们之间的内在关系,这对于作战指挥的研究与军事技术的创新都具有理论指导意义。     

半刚性基层沥青铺面结构在集装箱港区道路中的应用

将半刚性基层沥青铺面结构应用于上海外高桥集装箱港区道路,在国内尚属首创。针对港区道路的特点,结合上海地区水文、地质和建材供应条件及港区生产使用功能要求,通过调查分析和总结集装箱港区已建类似工程道路铺面结构使用情况,分析论证相关施工技术方案,并进行必要的试验,对于半刚性基层沥青铺面结构在应用过程中遇到的各种技术问题,提出了较系统的处理办法。     

Advances in the prediction of spudcan punch-through in double-layered soils

Punch-through failure of jack-up spudcan foundations occurs in active oil and gas drilling exploration regions, where relatively stiff soil overlies soft marine layer. Therefore, installation of spudcan foundations in such seabed formations threatens the stability of the jack-up rig. A site-specific assessment of the potential and severity of failure must be completed before the commencement of the installation. However, the accuracy of the prediction is limited by the validity of the design method currently in use. This paper presents advances in the prediction of punch-through failure of jack-up platforms in sand/stiff clay over soft clay soils. New analytical models for spudcan installation in double-layered soils are reviewed and compared to the existing methods in the ISO 19905-1 standard and SNAME standard. The capabilities and limitations of each method are summarised and recommendations are drawn for the theoretical predictions of spudcan punch-through in double-layered soils.     

无人船在港口水域海事监管中的应用探讨

近年来,随着与船舶自主航行相关的信息技术、人工智能技术水平的提高,无人船舶行业取得了长足的发展,其在海上安保、环境监测等领域应用也越来越成熟。为推动无人船在海事管理方面的应用研究,破解港口水域海事监管手段不足的瓶颈问题,文中在分析港口水域海事监管特点和无人船系统建设条件的基础上,定量研究了无人船在港口水域海事监管应用面临的性能指标确定、船型平台选择、载荷设备搭配、运行管理体系建设等方面的具体问题,提出了一种港口水域海事监管无人船系统的应用解决方案。