舰用冷凝器原模型与畸变模型力学特性研究

针对非对称布管冷凝器双管板结构研究较少的现象,介于实际模型试验时诸条件的限制,采用缩尺比模型试验时,因缩尺导致模型小特征难以加工和试验的情况,基于有限元数值仿真法研究冷凝器双管板基准模型、畸变模型与原模型的力学特性关系。研究表明,基准模型能很好地预测原模型力学性能;畸变模型在一定的畸变尺寸下能较精确地预测原模型力学性能。     

含初始变形船体加筋板有效宽度及剩余极限强度研究

为了评估舰船结构损伤后的剩余强度,对船体加筋板出现初始几何变形后,参与总纵强度的有效宽度和加筋板剩余极限强度进行研究。将加筋板受到垂直于平面压力后的变形,作为其初始几何变形,改变变形的方向和大小,利用有限元软件Ansys对加筋板结构进行线性和非线性分析。定义了板有效宽度计算方法,对不同变形方向和变形幅值时板的有效宽度和加筋板的极限强度进行对比分析,并拟合得到了计算板有效宽度和加筋板极限强度的经验公式。结果表明,初始几何变形会削弱加筋板结构的强度。在对损伤后船体结构强度进行分析和校核时,提出的经验公式可以直接用来计算板的有效宽度和加筋板的极限强度。     

气垫船起吊眼板的结构响应分析

为了校核起吊眼板的结构强度,利用MSC．Patran软件分别用壳单元、体单元对其进行有限元建模,在计算缆索拉力时,计算采用梯形分布形式来模拟起吊眼板真实的受力状态。根据计算结果提出一种实用的眼板加强结构——钢质眼板套。利用上述方法校核含有眼板套的眼板结构,此时眼板内缘的应力减小,说明眼板套对缆索拉力进行了分散,降低了眼板内缘的应力水平,达到了预期效果。     

圆筒型FPSO阻尼板结构强度计算方法研究

阻尼板作为增加圆筒型FPSO附连水质量和黏性阻尼的关键装置,可有效降低垂荡和横摇运动.阻尼板通常为与柱型筒体相连的悬臂梁式箱型结构,阻尼板及其与筒体连接区域处的结构设计及强度校核是圆筒型FPSO结构设计的关键.以阻尼板处最大压力及最大阻尼力作为目标设计载荷,采用子模型法校核其结构强度,以总强度分析得到的变形作为子模型边界条件,采用Morison法模拟黏性阻尼载荷,对阻尼板结构强度进行校核分析,为阻尼板的结构设计提供依据和指导.     

均布压力作用下加筋板结构局部补强分析

采用有限元分析方法分析对局部腐蚀的加筋板结构分别采用焊接、粘接补板的方法进行局部补强后原始结构和补板的强度;研究局部补强后加筋板结构的强度与补强方式、贴板厚度等参数之间的关系,计算不同补强方式、不同厚度的贴板补强后结构的最大应力值;对比缺陷区域最大应力值的大小,分析补强方式和贴板厚度对补强效果的影响。分析表明,局部补强后加筋板结构缺陷区域的最大应力值随着补强板厚度的增加而逐渐减小,但补强板的存在并未明显改变补强区域与原加筋板结构连接边界处的应力分布趋势,且使用相同厚度的补强板时,粘接补强的效果要明显好于焊接补强。     

ASME锅炉及压力容器规范在潜艇结构中的适用性分析

潜艇校核常用的是舰船通用规范,但考虑到潜艇某些结构主要承受压力载荷,可采用锅炉及压力容器规范,简称ASME规范,对潜艇的平面舱壁结构进行静强度校核。压力容器规范校核引入分析设计方法,将应力进行分类,对结构不同部位采用不同校核标准,较舰船通用规范能够更充分利用结构。压力容器规范主要适用于板壳结构,而舱壁主要为加筋板结构,所以舱壁校核使用ASME规范时还需要进行一些补充,从两类规范校核结果可以看出,补充后的ASME规范适用于潜艇舱壁结构。     

含Ⅰ型中心裂纹板修补结构的应力强度因子计算

本文以矩形补片双面修补含Ⅰ型中心裂纹板结构的应力强度因子为研究对象,研究过程中采用ANSYS软件计算和理论公式计算求解应力强度因子,对不同方法计算得到的应力强度因子进行对比,校核了有限元模型计算结果的可靠性,并对应力强度因子的计算方法进行了对比分析。     

四边刚性固定矩形板塑性设计公式

由于船体结构在轮压、冰载等作用下板厚采用塑性设计,需要求得塑性阶段解答,Lin Hong和J?rgen Amdahl提出了针对四边刚性固定,承受部分均布横向载荷矩形板的“双钻式”失效模型。为进一步提高“双钻式”模型的适用性,本文采用非线性有限元方法,通过变化板厚以及载荷作用区域的大小等因素,对Lin Hong等人“双钻式”失效模式下的塑性设计公式进行了拟合修正,得到了适用于求解冰载荷作用下船体板结构塑性阶段载荷变形关系的计算公式,该公式可用于冰载荷下船舶舷侧板的强度校核。     

铺管船主吊车牵索眼板详细设计及有限元分析

介绍某铺管船主吊车牵索眼板的详细设计及主吊车牵索眼板结构的有限元分析.通过FEMAP建模和分析,证明吊耳眼板的船体加强结构满足强度要求,能为设备的安全运转及结构有效性提供良好的保证.     

考虑腐蚀损伤的双体船连接桥结构极限强度分析

为了解腐蚀损伤对双体船连接结构桥极限强度的影响,采用有限元分析方法,通过数值模拟,计算分析考虑腐蚀情况下铝质双体船连接桥结构的极限强度,建立评估含有点蚀损伤的船体板格结构和加筋板结构极限强度的工程化方法,实船分析结果表明：腐蚀体积是影响板格及加筋板结构极限强度的重要因素,且当腐蚀体积较小时,连接桥区域结构存在不满足极限强度要求的情况。     

Nonlinear analysis of short concrete-filled double skin tube columns subjected to axial compressive forces

Proper material constitutive models for concrete-filled double skin tube (CFDST) columns with circular cross-section and subjected to axial compressive forces are proposed and verified against experiment data using the nonlinear finite element program Abaqus. It is shown that CFDST columns can provide a good confining effect for concrete core, especially when the diameter-to-thickness ratios of both the outer and the inner tubes are small. In addition, empirical equations are proposed to predict the lateral confining pressure of the concrete core for CFDST columns. Finally, the axial strengths of the CFDST columns calculated by the proposed formulations are compared with AISC formulations against the experimental data. It has been shown that the proposed formulations are better than the AISC formulations.     

静水压力下变厚度圆柱(锥)壳结构强度分析

文章将变厚度圆柱(锥)壳简化为轴对称的二节点单元,根据平衡方法推导了该结构的单元刚度阵与载荷阵,建立了求解静水压力下变厚度圆柱(锥)壳结构强度的解析单元法(AEM)。利用该方法对一个简单的变厚度锥柱接合壳算例进行了计算并与有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较。研究表明,文中提出的AEM法可以对静水压力下变厚度锥壳结构强度进行准确分析。该方法可以推广到各种轴对称压力作用下的变厚度圆柱(锥)壳结构强度分析。     

Strength and stability of double cylindrical shell structure subjected to hydrostatic external pressure—Part I: strength

This paper is the first part of the structure study of double cylindrical shell subjected to hydrostatic external pressure. A calculation method is put forward in the paper to analyse the massive structure strength of double cylindrical pressure shell. The equilibrium equations of double cylinder segments and ring plates are established by using the compatibility condition of orthogonal connection between inner and outer cylindrical shells through ring plates. The equilibrium equations set of cylinder segments may be integrated into the global equation of undetermined parameters by means of correlation matrix analysis and continuity conditions of adjacent shell segments. It may be used to solve accurately and simply deflections and stresses in the structural members at any point in the individual span ranging from single cylinder to double cylinder, locate the structural weakness and allow the researchers to have a comprehensive understanding of the massive structure strength. Model tests show that this method is accurate and reliable and may be adopted to perform a number of effective calculation analysis of engineering for the design of double pressure shell.     

火药燃气压力在身管中激发的振动

研究了由于火药燃气压力在身管中激发的振动问题。通过建立身管的三维模型,将火药燃气压力的作用区域离散,利用ABAQUS软件对身管进行了有限元分析,得出了在重力作用下火药燃气压力在身管中激发的振动。     

Strength and stability of double cylindrical shell structure subjected to hydrostatic external pressure—II: stability

This paper is the second part of the structure study of double cylindrical shell subjected to hydrostatic external pressure. The author makes researches on the relationship between inner and outer shells of pressurized double cylinders using equilibrium conditions of forces and deformation compatibility conditions with ring plate orthogonally connected to inner and outer shells and puts forward the expressions of longitudinal and circumferential forces of double pressurized cylinder. In this paper, equilibrium equations are established for a double cylindrical shell stiffened longitudinally and transversely and subjected to uniform hydrostatic external pressure by using an adjacent equilibrium method and a solution with high accuracy is presented to calculate theoretically critical pressures of panel buckling and interframe shell buckling. The solution can be used to both the double and single cylindrical shells without longitudinal stiffeners and therefore, it may be applied widely with higher accuracy. Also, some simplified formulae for the engineering application are given to calculate the panel buckling and the interframe shell buckling strengh.     

Axial compressive behavior of stainless steel tube confined concrete column piers

The steel tube confined concrete (STCC) column piers of marine structures have been proposed in recent years. The main advantages of STCC piers include the convenient construction process and improved core concrete strength. This research presents an experimental investigation on stainless steel tube confined concrete (SSTCC) column piers subjected to axial loading. Thirty two specimens were prepared and tested. Test variables included section shape, steel tube thickness, and concrete strength. Failure modes, axial ultimate compressive strength, strain characteristics, rigidity, confinement effect, and ductility were comprehensively investigated. Test results demonstrated that the main failure modes for circular and square specimens were concrete shear failure and steel tube fracture caused by concrete deformation, respectively. The axial compressive ultimate strength was affected by the tube thickness and concrete strength. The ultimate strength increased with the increase in the confinement factor, and the increasing ratio of the circular specimens was five times to that of square specimens. The differences in axial ultimate compressive strength of SSTCC column piers, carbon steel tube confined concrete column piers, and concrete filled steel tube column piers were also analyzed. Increasing tube thickness could increase the ductility and rigidity of the specimens. Moreover, axial ultimate compressive strengths were calculated and discussed based on different calculation models.     

全海深双球连接耐压舱的结构设计探索

钛合金耐压球壳被广泛地应用于大深度载人潜水器.但是,由于受到材料强度的限制,若采用成熟的Ti-6Al-4VELI来设计3人型的全海深载人舱,其壁厚将超出很多国家的现有制造能力.为了解决这一矛盾,该文提出了一种新的双球连接的方案,并以中国船级社最新的强度标准作为优化约束条件,用有限元分析法对这种结构形式进行了优化设计.最后,对双球结构方案与传统单球方案作了比较.     

肋板与流体的耦合对水下双壳体声辐射的影响

以水下双层圆柱壳为研究对象,采用结构有限元耦合流体边界元的附加质量、附加阻尼算法,计算各工况下分别忽略和考虑层间实肋板与内域流体耦合作用这2种情况下结构的振动与声辐射,并从均方法向速度级和辐射声功率级这2个方面分析讨论壳间肋板与内域流体耦合作用对水中双层圆柱壳振动与声辐射的影响。结果表明：壳间肋板与流体耦合作用对水下双层圆柱壳振动与声辐射影响很小。壳间肋板数量越多,厚度越薄,内壳半径越小,肋板与内域流体的耦合作用对结构的振动与声辐射的影响则越小。     

外壳板采用纵骨加强的双层加肋圆柱壳水下声辐射分析

建立了外壳板加纵骨的双层加肋圆柱壳水下声辐射计算方法，计算模型采用Donnell壳体理论，考虑了环肋、舱壁和实肋板对内外圆柱壳的径向、切向、纵向反作用力以及纵向反弯矩，利用傅氏变换和模态展开在波数域建立了计算模型的声弹耦合控制方程。推导了所有结构部件以及水介质的速度阻抗表达式，采用数值计算方法在波数域求解出径向振动速度，利用稳相法得到远场辐射声压。研究表明，如果纵骨沿圆周均匀排列，则纵骨的存在不导致圆柱壳周向模态耦合，纵骨加强的双层圆柱壳水下声辐射计算可以大大筒化。采用文中方法研究了环频率以下外壳板加纵骨的双层加肋圆柱壳水下声辐射特性，计算表时：在较低的频率段，外壳板采用纵骨加强使双层加肋圆柱壳水下辐射声压增大；增大纵骨刚废，结构辐射声压也相应增大；纵骨间距对双层加肋圆柱壳水下声辐射影响比较复杂，辐射声压谱随纵骨间距变化较大，而总声级变化不明显。     

深海载人潜水器耐压球壳极限强度研究

对现有的潜水器耐压壳的研究主要都围绕薄壳结构,而深海载人潜水器耐压球壳,已属于厚壳的范围.国际上还没有均匀外压下厚球壳的解析解,只有美国海军泰勒水池耐压球壳设计公式及俄罗斯相应的公式可以参考.因此本文基于有限元的分析方法,对大深度载人潜水器耐压球壳极限强度进行了研究.通过对有限元参数的比较,提出了一个合理的有限元分析模型,计算结果与实验数据相符,而泰勒水池公式及俄罗斯公式的误差较大.然后计算了一系列半径厚度比下的耐压球壳的极限强度,并研究了初挠度的影响.本文认为对于深海载人潜水器耐压球壳可以直接根据有限元计算确定其极限强度,泰勒水池公式和俄罗斯公式偏于保守;耐压球壳经过精加工,初挠度对于其极限强度的影响不大.为了实用起见,本文还给出了完善耐压球壳极限强度与经典值的比值曲线,以及初挠度效应曲线.