汽车发动机冬季外部预热七法

我国东北、华北和西北地区,冬季气温非常寒冷,最冷季节1月份的平均温度为-30℃～-25℃,最低温度超过-50℃,风、雪天气多,道路常为冰雪覆盖。我国露天停放的汽车比较多,故汽车停驶后所处的环境温度就更为低下,造成汽车重新起动困难。在这种情况下,对汽车发动机进行外部预热就十分必要。下面介绍几种对汽车发动机进行外部预热的方法,供车辆使用单位及广大驾驶员朋友参考。     

冬季汽车发动机外部预热7法

我国东北、华北和西北地区，冬季气温非常寒冷，1月份的平均温度为一30-～25℃，最低温度超过-50℃。风、雪天气多，道路常为冰雪覆盖。我国露天停放的汽车比较多，故汽车停驶后所处的环境温度更为低下，造成汽车重新启动困难。在这种情况下，对汽车发动机进行外部预热就十分必要。下面介绍几种对汽车发动机进行外部预热的方法，供车辆使用单位及广大驾驶员朋友参考。     

汽车为什么要预热?

预热问题自从有汽车以来就一直困扰着车主们,甚至有些汽车说明书明确写着本车不需要预热,启动即可行驶的字样,有些汽车说明书明确写着本车启动要预热,否则会造成故障,这就让人更加摸不着头脑。     

汽车为什么要预热?

预热问题自从有汽车以来就一直困扰着车主们,甚至有些汽车说明书明确写着"本车不需要预热,启动即可行驶"的字样,有些汽车说明书明确写着"本车启动要预热,否则会造成故障",这就让人更加摸不着头脑。     

汽车信贷2003年提前预热

北方市场此次把各项条款明细化公布于社会各界，是在车市火爆之前提前做预热准备，经过去年一年的“热车热市”场面后，管理者得出结论：规范市场是竞争的最佳利器。     

斯太尔牌汽车火焰预热装置

斯太尔牌汽车火焰预热装置能使汽车在冬季寒冷条件下容易起动。介绍了火焰预热装置的工作原理及其电路中主要部件的性能，说明了该装置４种常见故障的诊断方法。     

斯太尔汽车进气预热系统电路分析

汽车在环境温度较低条件下启动时，由于燃油汽化不良、机油粘度增高、启动阻力矩增大，使发动机启动困难。为此，斯太尔汽车安装有进气预热系统，用来改善汽车的冷启动性能。目前，进气预热系统主要分为2种类型：一种是电热式进气预热系统，另一种是火焰式进气预热系统。斯太尔汽车采用的是火焰式进气预热系统，它是利用燃油燃烧产生的热量对进入汽缸内的空气进行预热。     

依维柯汽车预热系统故障排除一例

故障现象:一辆南京依维柯轻型柴油汽车,起动时发动机无反应,但若多次起动,发动机偶尔能够起动成功.     

汽车发动机电磁涡流预热的探索

介绍利用电磁涡流预热发动机的设计方案,即通过被加热缸体体内产生涡流,从而产生热量,加热缸体。与其它加热方式相比,电磁涡流是对缸体直接进行加热,是一种高效的加热方式。     

加热管道外置式保温罐车的设计

对管道外置式保温罐车的功能结构及其原理进行了阐述.     

专业中介机构:崛起的车险新势力

交强险地正式实施,提高了车险渗透率,也规范了市场竞争秩序,加之2007年我国汽车保有量持续攀升,汽车保险市场越来越大。各种车险中介力量也开始加速介入,呈现整合发展态势……     

Discomfort from feeling vehicle vibration

Vehicle refinement should include a consideration of the discomfort likely to be caused by vibration. This paper reviews the measurement, the evaluation, and the assessment of vehicle vibration felt by drivers and passengers.

The feeling of vibration that gives rise to judgements of vibration discomfort can be predicted using evaluation procedures that take into account human sensitivity to different magnitudes, frequencies, directions, and durations of vibration. The evaluation methods make it possible to optimise vehicles via dynamic modelling before the production of prototypes and they assist the testing and optimisation of prototypes and production vehicles.

Vibration evaluation provides imperfect predictions of discomfort when driver or passenger opinion is influenced by factors other than the vibration that is being measured and evaluated. Vibration evaluation can detect changes that are not detectable subjectively since smaller changes can be detected by measurement and evaluation than by subjective assessment.     

为东风的做法鼓掌

4月21日、26日,东风股份有限公司、东风商用车公司在一个星期内连续召开会议,会议的主要内容都是向专用汽车企业推介底盘,并听取专用汽车企业的意见。东风公司有关人士表示,在底盘推向市场之前,面对面地听取专用汽车企业的意见和建议,在东风公司还是第一次。     

处理道路外交通事故的相关问题及对策分析

公安机关交通管理部门在办理道路外交通事故时,要同处理道路交通事故一样,通过事故现场调查,最后出具《道路交通事故认定书》或《道路交通事故证明》,交强险及道路交通事故社会救助金对道路外交通事故同样适用。在事故现场调查过程中,可以根据需要采取行政强制措施,但涉及与道路外交通事故有关的"违法"行为的行政处罚及追究刑事责任方面已超出公安机关交通管理部门的职权范围,应当及时移送有关部门处理。     

Effect of vehicle model on the estimation of lateral vehicle dynamics

A methodology is presented for estimating vehicle handling dynamics, which are important to control system design and safety measures. The methodology, which is based on an extended Kalman filter (EKF), makes it possible to estimate lateral vehicle states and tire forces on the basis of the results obtained from sinusoidal steering stroke tests that are widely used in the evaluation of vehicle and tire handling performances. This paper investigates the effect of vehicle-road system models on the estimation of lateral vehicle dynamics in the EKF. Various vehicle-road system models are considered in this study: vehicle models (2-DOF, 3-DOF, 4-DOF), tire models (linear, non-linear) and relaxation lengths. Handling tests are performed with a vehicle equipped with sensors that are widely used by vehicle and tire manufacturers for handling maneuvers. The test data are then used in the estimation of the EKF and identification of lateral tire model coefficients. The accuracy of the identified values is validated by comparing the RMS error between experimentally measured states and regenerated states simulated using the identified coefficients. The results show that the relaxation length of the tire model has a notable impact on the estimation of lateral vehicle dynamics.     

温拌沥青混合料制备技术综述

分析了温拌沥青混合料在国内外发展应用状况,按照工作机理,将各种温拌沥青混合料分为三类,详细介绍了各类温拌沥青混合料制备方法与流程,归纳总结各类温拌沥青混合料应用概况。     

从运营中国转向运营世界——福田汽车发布2020战略

“至2020年，福田汽车将实现在全球产销汽车400万辆以上，跻身世界汽车著名品牌前十位”，这是总经理王金玉在2010第三届中国绿色能源汽车发展高峰论坛上高调宣布的福田汽车2020战略。     

温拌沥青混合料使用性能的深化分析

为有效分析温拌沥青混合料的使用性能,对其常规路用性能及其降温速率、节能、废气等进行检测分析。检测结果表明,温拌沥青混合料与热拌沥青混合料的路用性能相当,且温拌沥青混合料能减少压实功,有良好的密水性、保温性、节能性和环保性。     

Estimation of road profile variability from measured vehicle responses

When assessing the statistical variability of fatigue loads acting throughout the life of a vehicle, the question of the variability of road roughness naturally arises, as both quantities are strongly related. For car manufacturers, gathering information on the environment in which vehicles evolve is a long and costly but necessary process to adapt their products to durability requirements. In the present paper, a data processing algorithm is proposed in order to estimate the road profiles covered by a given vehicle, from the dynamic responses measured on this vehicle. The algorithm based on Kalman filtering theory aims at solving a so-called inverse problem, in a stochastic framework. It is validated using experimental data obtained from simulations and real measurements. The proposed method is subsequently applied to extract valuable statistical information on road roughness from an existing load characterisation campaign carried out by Renault within one of its markets.