共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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随着我国汽车保有量的不断攀升,环境污染和能源安全问题日益严重。节能减排势在必行,汽车作为国民经济的支柱产业责无旁贷。乘用车燃料消耗量第四阶段标准的颁布实施,将促使企业探索节能途径,促进我国汽车产业的转型升级,推进节能与新能源汽车产业的发展。 相似文献
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《企业平均燃料消耗量与新能源汽车积分并行管理暂行办法(征求意见稿)》是对乘用车企业平均燃料消耗量与新能源汽车积分进行双目标考核。本文系统地分析了该办法的背景、双积分核算及政策影响等方面的内容。 相似文献
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2月12日,为贯彻落实《道路运输车辆燃料消耗量检测和监督管理办法》,交通运输部制定了制定了《道路运输车辆燃料消耗量达标车型车辆参数及配置核查工作规范》并予以下发。 相似文献
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介绍了我国目前紧张的能源供给情况,国外的汽车燃料经济性政策,重点介绍了我国轻型汽车燃料消耗量法规、限值。比较分析我国的轻型汽车油耗水平与国外差距,指出只有技术进步才是降低油耗的根本途径。 相似文献
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Samuel Rodman Oprešnik Tine SeljakFran?išek Bizjan Toma? Katrašnik 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2012,17(3):221-227
This paper examines the influence of compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas and gasoline fuel on the exhaust emissions and the fuel consumption of a spark-ignition engine powered passenger car. The vehicle was driven according to the urban driving cycle and extra urban driving cycle speed profiles with the warmed-up engine. Cause and effect based analysis reveals potential for using different fuels to reduce vehicle emission and deficiencies associated with particular fuels. The highest tank to wheel efficiency and the lowest CO2 emission are observed with the natural gas fuelled vehicle, that also featured the highest total hydrocarbon emissions and high NOx emissions because of fast three way catalytic converter aging due the use of the compressed natural gas. Retrofitted liquefied petroleum gas fuel supply systems feature the greatest air-fuel ratio variations that result in the lowest TtW efficiency and in the highest NOx emissions of the liquefied gas fuelled vehicle. 相似文献
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This paper presents a railroad energy efficiency model used to estimate the fuel economies for classes of trains transporting various commodities. Comparable procedures are used to estimate truck and waterway fuel consumption. The results show that coal unit trains are 4.5–5.0 times more energy efficient than movements in the largest trucks allowed in the eastern and western regions of the US, unit grain train movements in the central US are 4.6 times more fuel efficient, soda ash unit train and non-unit train shipments are 4.9 and 3.2 times more efficient, and ethanol unit train and non-unit train movements are 4.8 and 3.0 times more efficient. In terms of barge traffic, coal unit train and non-unit train are 1.3 and 0.9 times as energy efficient in the eastern US, grain unit train and non-unit train movements are 1.7 and 1.0 times more efficient from Minneapolis to the Gulf of Mexico, and grain unit train and non-unit train movements are 1.0 and 0.7 times more fuel efficient from the Upper Ohio River to the Gulf of Mexico. 相似文献
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The corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standard is the major policy tool to improve the fleet average miles per gallon of automobile manufacturers in the US. The Alternative Motor Fuels Act (AMFA) provides special treatment in calculating the fuel economy of alternative-fuel vehicles to give manufacturers CAFE incentives to produce more alternative-fuel vehicles. AMFA has as its goals an increase in the production of alternative-fuel vehicles and a decrease in gasoline consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. This paper examines theoretically the effects of the program set up under AMFA. It finds that, under some conditions, this program may actually increase the production of fuel-inefficient gasoline vehicles, gasoline consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. 相似文献
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Microscopic emission models are widely used in emission estimation and environment evaluation. Traditionally, microscopic traffic simulation models and probe vehicles are two sources of inputs to a microscopic emission model. However, they are not effective in reflecting all vehicles' real‐world operating conditions. Using each vehicle's spot speed data recorded by detectors, this paper provides a new method to estimate all vehicles' real‐world activities data. These data can then be used as inputs to a microscopic emission model to estimate vehicle fuel consumption and emissions. The main task is to reconstruct trajectory of each vehicle and calculate second‐by‐second speed and acceleration from the activities data. The Next Generation Simulation dataset and the Comprehensive Modal Emissions Model are used in this study to calculate and analyze the emission results for both lane‐level and link‐level. The results showed that using the proposed method for estimating vehicle fuel consumption and emissions is promising. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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In this paper, potential natural gas and renewable natural gas supply pathways and natural gas vehicles (NGVs) have been selected and evaluated with regards to well-to-wheel energy expended, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and regulated (air pollutant) emissions. The vehicles included in the evaluation are passenger cars, light-duty vehicles (LDVs), and heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) for road-transport applications, and a short-range passenger vessel for maritime transport applications. The results show that, compared to conventional fuels, in both transport applications and for all vehicle classes, the use of compressed and liquefied natural gas has a 15–27% GHG emissions reduction effect per km travel. The effect becomes large, 81–211%, when compressed and liquefied renewable natural gas are used instead. The results are sensitive to the type and source of feedstock used, the type of vehicle engine, assumed methane leakage and methane slip, and the allocated energy and environmental digestate credits, in each pathway. In maritime applications, the use of liquefied natural gas and renewable natural gas instead of low sulfur marine fuels results in a 60–100% SOx and 90–96% PM emissions reduction. A 1% methane slip from a dedicated LNG passenger vessel results, on average, in 8.5% increase in net GHG emissions. 相似文献
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This study investigates the impacts of traffic signal timing optimization on vehicular fuel consumption and emissions at an urban corridor. The traffic signal optimization approach proposed integrates a TRANSIMS microscopic traffic simulator, the VT-Micro model (a microscopic emission and fuel consumption estimation model), and a genetic algorithm (GA)-based optimizer. An urban corridor consisting of four signalized intersections in Charlottesville, VA, USA, is used for a case study. The result of the case study is then compared with the best traffic signal timing plan generated by Synchro using the TRANSIMS microscopic traffic simulator. The proposed approach achieves much better performance than that of the best Synchro solution in terms of air quality, energy and mobility measures: 20% less network-wide fuel consumption, 8–20% less vehicle emissions, and nearly 27% less vehicle-hours-traveled (VHT). 相似文献