巩固江运发展海运打造现代水运物流产业链

华中航运集团有限公司（以下简称华航集团）是经武汉市人民政府批准,以湖北省航运公司为核心组建的全国地方内河第1家国有航运企业集团,系国家大型（二类）水运企业、交通运输部等国家“四部一委”月度运输平衡会和国家煤炭订货年会及全国化工订货年会的正式会员单位、中国物流与采购联合会理事单位、湖北省物流协会副会长单位等,是集水上物流运输,港口装卸,仓储服务,国内、国际货代,水下工程,房产开发,科研设计和饭店服务等多种功能的跨地区、跨部门、跨行业的综合性企业集团,综合实力居全国500家最大服务行业水上运输业第25位。     

The external cost of speed at sea: An analysis based on selected short sea shipping routes

According to the mid-term review of the EU White Paper on Transport, Short Sea Shipping (SSS) is expected to grow at a rate of 59% (metric tonnes) between 2000 and 2020. If we consider that the overall expected increase in both freight exchanges and volume is 50%, sea transport is one of the most feasible alternatives to reduce traffic congestion on European roads. Maritime transportation may compete with road transport as far as certain traffics are concerned, but only when assuming external costs. This paper analyzes several intermodal transport chains involving a sea leg by comparing the effect of pollutant emissions from different ship types and road transport in terms of potential external cost savings. The translation of these emissions into environmental costs shows, for certain conditions, savings in the case of sea transport that would justify the use of an environmental bonus to promote the sea option.     

The role of Mediterranean short sea shipping in the EU transport chain: The case of Greece

The European Community has provided valuable support to short sea shipping through various programs and legislation. This paper analyses the situation while focusing on the Mediterranean Sea and suggests solutions for addressing the short sea shipping problems in this special region. The biggest challenge for all sides in the comingyears will be the replacement of the existing fleet. The study presented herein gives an insightful and collective picture of the situation, while focusing on the Greek owned short sea vessels.     

The potential for British coastal shipping in a multimodal chain

A strategy to revitalize coastal shipping within Great Britain is investigated. An examination of the regulatory environment shows government, at both the EU and British levels, aware of the environmental benefits of coastal shipping compared to road freight transport, if only mildly supportive in tangible terms. The geography of Great Britain and the modern preference for just-in-time deliveries have severely restricted the ability of coastal shipping to compete effectively with road freight transport. The primary objective of the paper is to investigate whether coastal shipping could be integrated into a multimodal door-to-door supply chain, where it is currently hampered by high costs of transhipment, slow transport speeds, and the incongruity of load sizes between land and sea modes. Integration requires the co-operation of all organizations within the multi-modal supply chain. However, coastal shipping companies have been known to be individualistic and mistrusting of alliances. Therefore, a Delphi study is undertaken to investigate the standpoint of leading managers in such companies towards multimodal integration. The results of the Delphi study indicate that managers are in favour of multimodal developments, in particular cooperation between coastal shipping and road haulage. However, there was agreement that the business is highly competitive, and this may prevent the forms of collaboration required for multimodal systems. The secretive nature of the coastal shipping sector could impede joint marketing to promote a mode of transport that is often ‘invisible’ to shippers. There was little consensus on the relationship that should exist between coastal shipping and ports, a topic worthy of further investigation.     

The potential for British coastal shipping in a multimodal chain

A strategy to revitalize coastal shipping within Great Britain is investigated. An examination of the regulatory environment shows government, at both the EU and British levels, aware of the environmental benefits of coastal shipping compared to road freight transport, if only mildly supportive in tangible terms. The geography of Great Britain and the modern preference for just-in-time deliveries have severely restricted the ability of coastal shipping to compete effectively with road freight transport. The primary objective of the paper is to investigate whether coastal shipping could be integrated into a multimodal door-to-door supply chain, where it is currently hampered by high costs of transhipment, slow transport speeds, and the incongruity of load sizes between land and sea modes. Integration requires the co-operation of all organizations within the multi-modal supply chain. However, coastal shipping companies have been known to be individualistic and mistrusting of alliances. Therefore, a Delphi study is undertaken to investigate the standpoint of leading managers in such companies towards multimodal integration. The results of the Delphi study indicate that managers are in favour of multimodal developments, in particular cooperation between coastal shipping and road haulage. However, there was agreement that the business is highly competitive, and this may prevent the forms of collaboration required for multimodal systems. The secretive nature of the coastal shipping sector could impede joint marketing to promote a mode of transport that is often 'invisible' to shippers. There was little consensus on the relationship that should exist between coastal shipping and ports, a topic worthy of further investigation.     

The impact of low sulphur fuel requirements in shipping on the competitiveness of roro shipping in Northern Europe

Annex VI of the MARPOL Convention aims for a reduction in sulphur oxide emissions from ships. The limits applicable at sea in Emission Control Areas (ECAs) were reduced from 1.5% to 1% in 2010 and are planned to be further reduced to 0.1%, effective from 1 January 2015. This paper analyses the impact of the International Maritime Organization’s Tier II/III standards introduced by Annex VI amendments adopted in October 2008 on costs and prices of roro (roll on/roll off) traffic in the ECAs in North Europe and on the competitiveness of roro shipping in the ECAs compared to trucking. We demonstrate that the new Annex VI agreement may be quite costly for the participants in the shipping industry and will result in higher freight rates. Based on a detailed price analysis on modal competition between the roro/truck option and the ‘truck only’ option on thirty origin–destination routes linked to the ECAs, we conclude that the use of low sulphur fuel is expected to increase the transport prices particularly on the origin–destination relations with a medium or long short sea section. The paper also presents the results of a survey among leading short sea operators in the ECAs in view of providing more insight on expected modal shifts and price elasticity in the short sea market.     

中国航运物流自动识别RFID产业发展

中国航运物流运输日新月异发展,自动识别技术成为未来国际航运物流信息化发展趋势。在机遇与挑战并存的航运物流竞争环境中,作为改善航运物流企业管理机制、提高航运物流服务水平、加强航运物流业务效率的利器,航运物流信息化必将成为航运物流企业良性发展的基石。因此,加强航运物流信息化建设,将是巩固与增强航运物流企业竞争实力的必由之路。在航运物流供应链管理中,最关键的技术是航运物流货物的跟踪,应用航运物流RFID/EPC技术进行航运供应链管理,在国外已经比较普遍。本期栏目就航运物流自动识别(RFID)技术在中国的发展进行简单介绍,以飨读者。     

上海国际航运中心国际竞争力成因

为提升上海国际航运中心国际竞争力,从波特的“钻石模型”和国内学者的“五角模型”入手,提出上海国际航运中心国际竞争力的成因分为基础层、核心层和环境层3个层次共5个因素,即政府作用、基础设施、腹地经济、知识吸收与创新能力、航运要素的集聚与组合能力等,认为这3个层次5个因素应同时发挥作用,形成合力,才能提升上海国际航运中心国际竞争力,推动上海国际航运中心的建设和发展。     

海运物流和钢铁行业的合作典范

鞍钢集团和中远集团同属国有特大型骨干企业,又是各自行业的领军企业之一,双方有着多年的友好合作关系.早于2002年1月,本着"优势互补、风险共担、互惠双赢、共同发展"的基本原则,双方集团总裁就签订了战略合作协议,构建了面向未来的战略合作伙伴关系.     

Short sea shipping in North America: understanding the requirements of Atlantic Canadian shippers

This research examines the potential for short sea shipping services on the east coast of North America, and focuses on the factors that freight shippers use to choose a transport mode. While there is significant literature available on modal choice and carrier selection, very little examines the effect of splitting the business on the choice that shippers specifically make between short sea and trucking options. Contrary to existing literature, we find that shippers' perceptions of short sea are favourable in this market. We also identify a new method of collecting data on how companies split business in these decisions.     

上海市现代航运服务业发展对策

为促进上海国际航运中心软环境建设,通过对现代航运服务业基本内涵与构成论述．结合当前上海市现代航运业发展现状及其与伦敦、香港等世界著名国际航运中心航运服务业比较分析,指出当前上海现代航运服务业发展存在的主要问题,提出相关发展对策：（1）加快建设航运服务集聚区;（2）政府积极实行产业倾斜政策及配套实施;（3）完善航运服务产业链,重点发展高附加值海事服务产业;（4）加强海事服务产业集群发展形态和制度建设;（5）构筑专业人才高地,培养与实践结合的高层次航运人才：     

上海航运服务业集聚区发展策略

分析上海北外滩、陆家嘴、外高桥和洋山临港等航运服务业集聚区发展现状,针对其发展中存在的高端业务不成熟、集聚特色不显著、竞争优势不明显等问题,提出建议：找准定位,避免重复建设;完善格局,实现多样化建设;提升服务能级;加快政策研究。     

黄金水道渴求洗舱基地

长久以来,长江流域是我国内河危化品船舶的主要聚集地,大批的油运与化学品运输时刻威胁着这条黄金水道。而近几年来,随着我国航运水平的不断提升,内河环保意识也在逐渐增强,在重庆680公里的长江主航道上,一种传统的环保产业,船舶洗舱业已焕发出勃勃生机。目前,这种新兴产业还处于企业自发形成的阶段,缺少政府支持使重庆洗舱业步履蹒跚。     

江苏港航供应链转型升级进展

为全面明确江苏港航供应链的发展阶段、特征及阻碍,采用数据分析法和比较分析法分析江苏港航供应链的现状及发展中存在的问题。研究发现:港航一体化取得重要进展,但质量和效益仍需大力提升;港航供应链不断拉长加粗,但高端供需亟待协同发力;节能减排效果持续显现,但绿色发展合力有待强化。应从绿色发展的理念落实、政策体系、工作机制、运营模式、监管督导等方面消除阻碍江苏港航供应链绿色转型的因素,促进其由中级阶段向高级阶段转型升级。     

AIS系统在船舶航运物流系统建设中的应用

船舶自动识别系统(AIS)集合了现代信息网络技术、通讯技术、计算机技术和电子信息显示技术等先进科技,为航运和船舶工业的发展奠定了重要基础。长江干线的AIS系统大大促进了长江干流的内河航运的发展。本文基于长江AIS系统,设计新型船舶航运物流系统,并对其原理和设计方法做系统介绍。     

原油运输:运价低于上月

2010年12月布伦特原油现货价格振荡上行,国际原油运输市场因节假日成交量减少,总体运价低于上月。24日波罗的海原油综合运价指数报1043点,较月初上涨16.41%。     

Critical success factors of supply chain integration in container shipping: an application of resource-based view theory

ABSTRACT

The container shipping industry is receiving growing attention in driving the performance of global supply chains. This phenomenon has accelerated supply chain integration (SCI) within the industry. Although SCI could offer numerous benefits, it is often quoted to be implemented easier in theory than in practice. The high failure rate that is associated with SCI is often not addressed in the literature. Grounded on resource-based view (RBV) theory, this paper is aimed at identifying the critical success factors (CSFs) and examining their influence on SCI and supply chain performance (SCP). Survey questionnaires were administered on 164 container shipping firms. The constructs were validated empirically using confirmatory factor analysis and were subsequently analysed using structural equation modelling. The proposed CSFs in this study are found to be positively corelated with SCI, which, in turn, is positively correlated with SCP. This paper has contributed to both theory and practice by applying RBV theory to identify the key resources and capabilities that are necessary for SCI in the container shipping industry.     

辽东湾北部浅水区海冰对航行的影响及对策

辽东湾北部浅水区有许多石油开发区块,由于水浅有冰等因素,使在现有的破冰船和冰区航行技术条件下的航行十分困难。分沿岸冻结区、滩涂堆积区和流冰区等不同区带讨论辽东湾北部海冰存在特征以及海冰对航行的影响,并根据海冰存在特点和海域工程的具体特性提出相应的对策。