拖式吊舱推进器的非定常水动力性能

应用升力面理论涡格法和面元法,建立了拖式吊舱推进器非定常水动力性能的数值计算方法。螺旋桨桨叶采用升力面理论涡格法计算,吊舱舱体及支架采用HESS-SMITH面元法计算,螺旋桨与吊舱及支架之间的相互影响通过迭代计算来处理。针对拖式吊舱推进器,通过系统的计算和分析,研究了螺旋桨负荷、吊舱和支架诱导速度各分量以及标称与实效诱导速度对其水动力性能的影响。研究表明,就吊舱及支架的实效诱导速度而言,轴向及周向诱导速度主要由支架引起,径向诱导速度主要由吊舱舱体引起。当考察吊舱推进器的定常水动力性能时,可略去吊舱诱导速度的径向及周向分量;考察非定常性能时,可略去径向分量,但应考虑周向分量的影响。以吊舱及支架的标称诱导速度作为进流,将导致非定常推力、扭矩的平均值降低,脉动量幅值减小,因此,虽然标称诱导速度容易得到,但据此进行吊舱推进器的性能预报或设计都会引起一定的误差。非定常水动力的脉动幅值取决于船尾伴流与吊舱诱导速度的相对比例,略去吊舱诱导速度会导致桨叶非定常力的变化特征发生较大变化。     

鳍对拖式吊舱推进器水动力性能的影响

为研究鳍的影响,建立了吊舱推进器的水动力性能的计算模型.计算了吊舱推进器安装和不安装鳍时的水动力性能,螺旋桨与吊舱及鳍之间的相互影响通过迭代计算加以考虑.采用基于速度势的基本积分微分方程,并采用双曲面元以消除面元间的间隙.采用Newton-Raphson迭代求解压力分布使得桨叶的随边满足压力库塔条件,用柳泽的方法求得物体表面的速度分布以避免数值求导的奇异性.无鳍.单鳍和双鳍的吊舱推进器水动力性能计算结果表明,附加鳍时吊舱推进器的螺旋桨推力增加,由于鳍上产生推力导致吊舱阻力减小.附加双鳍时的吊舱推进器水动力性能最好,附加单鳍时次之,无鳍时最低.     

带有推力鳍的吊舱推进器水动力性能研究

本文使用FLUENT软件对拖式吊舱推进器的水动力性能进行分析。由于涉及到螺旋桨、桨毂和舱体、支架的相互干扰问题,本文采用多参考系模型来进行相互干扰平均效果的计算。本文计算不同进速系数下普通吊舱推进器的推力系数、扭矩系数,与实验数据进行对比,并绘制敞水性能曲线。同时提出了几种带有推力鳍的吊舱推进器,对其进行了水动力性能计算,并与普通吊舱推进器的水动力性能进行比较,本文最后分析推力鳍对吊舱推进器水动力性能的影响。     

吊舱推进器定常水动力性能计算

采用FLUENT软件进行拖式吊舱推进器水动力性能的计算,将整体计算域划分为三个区域进行从而达到合理减少计算网格的目的.对于吊舱推进器的整体计算由于涉及到转子/定子物体的相互干扰问题,文中在模拟相互干扰平均效果的定常情况计算中,采用混合面模型进行.对计算方法及边界条件的设置进行了详细介绍.讨论了两种壁面函数对计算结果的影响.计算了不同进速系数下吊舱推进器的推力系数、扭矩系数.采用四套网格进行了吊舱推进器水动力性能计算的比较分析,给出了详细的计算网格参数.分析了计算网格数对吊舱推进器理论预报精度的影响.     

吊舱式CRP推进器水动力性能数值模拟

建立吊舱式CRP推进器数值模型,结合RANS方程和SSTk-ω湍流模型,运用滑移网格方法对吊舱式CRP推进器在均匀流场中水动力性能进行非定常数值预报。将数值预报所得的敞水性能结果与在真实空泡水洞内利用吊舱动力仪及长轴动力仪对吊舱式CRP推进器进行敞水试验得到的试验数据进行比较;同时得到了吊舱式CRP推进器前后桨叶面及叶背压力系数分布与前后桨及吊舱的非定常性能,将计算结果和不附带吊舱相同对转桨计算结果进行比较分析。结果表明,本文所用数值计算方法对吊舱式CRP推进器水动力性能的预报具有较高的可信度,能达到工程应用的要求。     

吊舱式推进器水动力性能研究综述

近十多年来吊舱推进器在众多的船型上取得了成功的应用、积累了使用经验,预报其实船性能成为船东和设计部门关注的重点.文中介绍了吊舱式推进器的特点,分析、介绍了目前几种主要的吊舱推进器模型试验方法及其特点,分析了敞水、自航试验中需要关注的问题;同时介绍了数值模拟预报吊舱推进器水动力性能的几种方法,包括势流法、势流M流藕合法、粘流法.     

带定子导管螺旋桨定常和非定常性能预估的基于速度势的面元法

开发了一个带定子导管螺旋桨定常和非定常水动力性能预报的数值计算方法,该方法采用基于速度势的面元法分别处理绕对带桨毂螺旋桨、导管和定子周围的流动,并通过迭代计算处理它们之间的相互干扰影响.为简化计算,采用了诱导速度的周向平均值来考虑螺旋桨、导管和定子之间定常水动力相互干扰影响.它们之间的非定常水动力相互干扰通过时间域内迭代方法求解,然而螺旋桨泄出涡、导管泄出涡和定子泄出涡之间的非定常干扰采用了时域内简化处理,这样的简化处理既保证了计算精度,又大幅度地减少了计算时间.对于螺旋桨、导管和定子的计算程序分别依次逐个运行直至每个部分的水动力收敛.算例考核表明该数值方法的计算结果与试验数据吻合较好.     

吊舱推进器定常水动力性能计算

采用FLUENT软件进行拖式吊舱推进器水动力性能的计算,将整体计算域划分为三个区域进行从而达到合理减少计算网格的目的。对于吊舱推进器的整体计算由于涉及到转子/定子物体的相互干扰问题,文中在模拟相互干扰平均效果的定常情况计算中,采用混合面模型进行。对计算方法及边界条件的设置进行了详细介绍。讨论了两种壁面函数对计算结果的影响。计算了不同进速系数下吊舱推进器的推力系数、扭矩系数。采用四套网格进行了吊舱推进器水动力性能计算的比较分析,给出了详细的计算网格参数。分析了计算网格数对吊舱推进器理论预报精度的影响。     

基于面元法的吊舱推进器定常性能研究

基于势流理论面元法建立了吊舱推进器定常性能的计算方法.分别建立螺旋桨和吊舱的积分方程,通过在表面上布置双曲面元将方程离散为以面元上偶极强度为未知量的矩阵.螺旋桨和吊舱之间的相互影响通过迭代计算来处理.Newton-Raphson迭代过程被用来在桨叶随边满足压力Kutta条件.为避免数值求导中的奇异性,用柳泽(Yanagizawa)方法求得物体表面的速度分布.支架作为升力体处理,并通过迭代计算更新支架的尾涡形状.计算了拖式吊舱推进器的定常水动力性能,与实验结果的比较表明,计算误差在5%以内.分析了舱体对螺旋桨的影响,舱体的伴流会引起螺旋桨的载荷增大.     

基于OpenFOAM的全回转推进器非定常性能预估

本文选择某一全回转吊舱推进器为研究对象,运用任意网格面元法(AMI)CFD数值计算方法,计算采用的开源数值计算软件OpenFoam对全回转推进器非定常敞水水动力性能进行了研究分析.控制方程离散采用有限体积法,湍流模型选取SSTκ-ω 模型,速度压力耦合采用PIMPLE算法求解.通过与试验结果比较,验证了基于OpenFoam的非定常数值计算方法在全回转推进器敞水性能预报的可靠性和有效性.     

应用RANS(雷诺平均的纳维尔一斯托克斯方程)和动量理论进行螺旋桨诱导速度的计算研究(英文)

In order to provide instructions for the calculation of the propeller induced velocity in the study of the hull-propeller interaction using the body force approach,three methods were used to calculate the propeller induced velocity:1) Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) simulation of the self-propulsion test,2) RANS simulation of the propeller open water test,and 3) momentum theory of the propeller.The results from the first two methods were validated against experimental data to assess the accuracy of the computed flow field.The thrust identity method was adopted to obtain the advance velocity,which was then used to derive the propeller induced velocity from the total velocity field.The results computed by the first two approaches were close,while those from the momentum theory were significantly overestimated.The presented results could prove to be useful for further calculations of self-propulsion using the body force approach.     

基于MRF方法和滑移网格的螺旋桨水动力性能研究

本文基于计算流体力学(CFD)方法,对多重参考系模型(MRF)及滑移网格模型(SM)在计算螺旋桨水动力性能时的差异进行了探讨。将以上两种模型应用到4381螺旋桨的水动力性能计算中,首先将计算得到的推力系数及转矩系数与试验数据进行了对比,考察了两种计算模型对螺旋桨的敞水性能的预测情况,并进一步对两种模型计算得到的螺旋桨盘面的速度场、桨叶的压力分布、桨后涡量云图等进行了对比分析。计算结果表明,滑移网格模型相较于多重参考系模型,对螺旋桨的推力系数的模拟结果误差更小,扭矩系数方面,两种模型的模拟结果相差不大;对于进速系数较大时,两种模型模拟得到的压力分布及速度分布较为相似,但对于高负荷情况,滑移网格模型可以更好地捕捉桨叶的压力分布及桨盘面处的速度分布情况;进速系数较小时,多重参考系模型可以模拟出涡结构的发散现象,而滑移网格模型可以更好的在高进速系数情况下捕捉到梢涡结构。     

基于速度势迭代的面元法预报对转桨性能

采用基于诱导速度势迭代的面元法预报对转桨的定常水动力性能,在计算中,前桨和后桨的相互干扰通过影响系数实现;前桨尾涡面距后桨表面太近时的异变影响系数通过Lagrange插值求出。同时采用基于诱导速度迭代的面元法预报对转桨水动力性能,并与基于诱导速度势法进行对比,计算结果表明,采用诱导速度势迭代的方法计算的结果与试验值吻合良好。与基于诱导速度迭代的方法相比,计算结果精确,且可以节省计算时间。     

Underwater acoustic field and pressure fluctuation on ship hull due to unsteady propeller sheet cavitation

The main objective of this paper is to develop an efficient numerical method which can predict the underwater acoustic field and pressure fluctuation on a ship hull due to unsteady propeller sheet cavitation by linear acoustic theory. In addition, the noise scattered from the ship hull and reflected from the free surface are included. Concerning the computation of the acoustic field induced by unsteady sheet cavitation and forces of a marine propeller, a method is derived without making any approximation about the distance function between the noise source and field point. Thus, this method can be used to predict acoustic pressure at both far and near fields, and this is very important for the scattering problem because the ship hull is located very close to the propeller. For the computation of the scattering problem, a more efficient and robust method is derived in time domain, which can treat multi-frequency waves scattered from underwater obstacles. The acoustic fields of a container ship radiated by the propeller and scattered from the ship hull with free surface is investigated in this paper. The pressure fluctuations of low blade rate on the ship hull induced by the propeller are also computed by the present method and are found to be similar to the results obtained by a panel method satisfying the Laplace equation for the points near the propeller due to the small retarding time. However, for the points on the ship hull away from the propeller, the differences of the results between two methods will increase.     

波浪中螺旋桨非定常水动力性能研究（英文）

The speed of a ship sailing in waves always slows down due to the decrease in efficiency of the propeller. So it is necessary and essential to analyze the unsteady hydrodynamic performance of propeller in waves. This paper is based on the numerical simulation and experimental research of hydrodynamics performance when the propeller is under wave conditions. Open-water propeller performance in calm water is calculated by commercial codes and the results are compared to experimental values to evaluate the accuracy of the numerical simulation method. The first-order Volume of Fluid(VOF) wave method in STAR CCM+ is utilized to simulate the three-dimensional numerical wave. According to the above prerequisite, the numerical calculation of hydrodynamic performance of the propeller under wave conditions is conducted, and the results reveal that both thrust and torque of the propeller under wave conditions reveal intense unsteady behavior. With the periodic variation of waves, ventilation, and even an effluent phenomenon appears on the propeller. Calculation results indicate, when ventilation or effluent appears, the numerical calculation model can capture the dynamic characteristics of the propeller accurately, thus providing a significant theory foundation forfurther studying the hydrodynamic performance of a propeller in waves.     

A method for numerical calculation of propeller hydrodynamics in unsteady inflow

The hydrodynamic performance of a propeller in unsteady inflow was calculated using the surface panel method. The surfaces of blades and hub were discreted by a number of hyperboloidal quadrilateral panels with constant source and doublet distribution. Each panel's corner coordinates were calculated by spline interpolation between the main parameter and the blade geometry of the propeller. The integral equation was derived using the Green Formula. The influence coefficient of the matrix was calculated by the Morino analytic formula. The tangential velocity distribution was calculated with the Yanagizawa method, and the pressure coefficient was calculated using the Bonuli equation. The pressure Kutta condition was satisfied at the trailing edge of the propeller blade using the Newton-Raphson iterative procedure, so as to make the pressure coefficients of the suction and pressure faces of the blade equal at the trailing edge. Calculated results for the propeller in steady inflow were taken as initialization values for the unsteady inflow calculation process. Calculations were carried out from the moment the propeller achieved steady rotation. At each time interval, a linear algebraic equation combined with Kutta condition was established on a key blade and solved numerically. Comparison between calculated results and experimental results indicates that this method is correct and effective.     

非均匀粘性流场螺旋桨非定常水动力性能研究

基于RANS方程和RNG k-ε湍流-模型,采用结构-非结构多块混合网格研究了船后非均匀流场中螺旋桨的非定常水动力性能。计算了DTMB4119螺旋桨的敞水性能,考察了网格依赖性。采用傅立叶变换进行了螺旋桨伴流场的谐调分析,并结合UDF功能实现了模型试验伴流场的输入。采用滑移网格技术模拟了非均匀流场中HSP螺旋桨的非定常特性。计算结果与试验结果的比较表明,建立的船后螺旋桨的非定常受力及表面压力分布计算方法精度较高,能够满足工程应用要求。     

Numerical calculations of propeller shaft loads on azimuth propulsors in oblique inflow

This paper evaluates various computational methods used to compute propeller performance, hydrodynamic side force and bending moment applied to an azimuth propulsor propeller shaft in oblique inflow. The two non-viscous models used are the BEM method and the blade element momentum theory (BEMT). RANS calculations are used to compute the loads on the propeller and the nominal wake velocity from the thruster body to be used in the BEMT model. The effect of the ship hull is also considered in the calculation by implementing the measured nominal wake of a ship hull at different propeller azimuthal positions. All the models are compared and validated against the experimental results, and the discussions are presented.