船舶结构振动噪声时域预报方法研究

针对船舶结构振动噪声频域预报方法存在计算规模大、求解效率差和易出现"峰值遗漏"等现象的不足,本文基于波动理论,提出了船舶结构振动噪声时域预报方法,形成了船舶结构振动噪声时域预报方法流程,并辅以相应的数值验证.研究结果表明,船舶结构振动噪声时域预报方法可有效解决频域分析方法存在的计算规模大、求解效率差和易出现"峰值遗漏"等现象的不足,提高了预报效率和精度,可为船舶结构振动噪声预报评估提供方法支撑.     

江海直达船舶结构强度技术标准制定方法研究

基于"载荷第一"和"安全水平相当"的原则,按照载荷、结构、响应及衡准的路径,从方法论的角度阐述特定航线江海直达船舶结构强度技术标准的研发体系,为量身定制江海直达船舶技术标准提供技术支持,同时也为其它船舶结构强度技术标准的制定提供方法参考。     

“船舶结构与设备”教、学、做一体化改革实践

在"船舶结构与设备"课程教、学、做课程一体化教学项目整合的基础上,提出"船舶结构与设备"课程教、学、做一体化的组织与实施方法及实施教、学、做一体化应注意的问题,认为高职航海专业课程教学应突出职业能力和职业素质培养。     

漫谈“吨位”

正在现行的本科和高职教材中,经常见到认为船舶吨位分重量吨和容积吨的叙述,比如由大连海事大学出版社出版的(本科)航海类专业精品系列教材《船舶结构与设备》第27页"船舶吨位是船舶大小的计量单位,度量方法有重量吨和容积吨两种",(高职)交通职业教育教学指导委员会推荐教材《船舶结构与设备》第9页"船舶吨位分重量吨和容积吨两种"。笔者认为,这里存在着概念的错误,有必要加以厘清。     

“船舶稳性”定义的预备知识及教学

《船舶结构与货运》是航海技术专业的主干课程,"船舶稳性"的内容是其重点、难点之一。"船舶稳性"定义在课程中起到承上启下的作用。根据教学反馈,部分学生对定义的掌握较差,进而影响后续内容的学习。基于此,本文梳理了"船舶稳性"形成过程所需要的预备知识,探索其教学过程,以期提高课堂教学质量。     

“船舶结构与设备”双语教学改革探讨

结合双语教学实践,从影响"船舶结构与设备"双语教学效果的教学内容、授课教材、授课教师、教学方法等几方面因素分析当前双语教学实践中存在的问题,并提出改进"船舶结构与设备"双语教学效果的建议:精讲,多种教学方法结合;增加双语教学学时;合理安排双语授课;加强双语教学师资建设;健全双语教学制度。     

“首釜”型船舶靠离宁波三星U型码头操纵

由于船型特殊,码头结构特殊,"首釜"型船舶倒航艉靠U型码头的操纵与普通船舶的操纵有较大的区别。此文总结了"首釜"型船舶和宁波三星U型码头的结构特点,分析了靠离泊操纵上存在的难点和关键点,针对性地提出了操纵思路和操纵方案,可供驾驶人员参考。     

36.6m玻璃钢金枪鱼延绳钓渔船防污染管路设计

玻璃钢船体结构因其耐腐蚀、阻力小、易维修等特点,现代中小型船舶逐渐采用该材质作为其船体结构。金枪鱼的捕捞主要在太平洋、大西洋、印度洋等远洋区域,属于远洋捕捞。因此,船舶舱底水、生活用水等需要分类处理,通过对在建36.6m"OCEAN3"进行分析,设计一套符合相关国际规范要求的船舶舱底水及生活污水处理系统。     

国内航行船舶船体建造检验管理暂行规定

第一章总则 第一条为加强船舶检验机构在船舶建造中船体检验的管理,防止在正常工况下船舶船体断裂及结构严重受损,依据<中华人民共和国船舶与海上设施检验条例>、<船舶检验工作管理暂行办法>、<船舶与海上设施法定检验规则>和<船舶建造检验规程>,制定本暂行规定(以下简称"本规定").     

“深潜号”工作母船结构设计

"深潜号"工作母船是用于支持饱和潜水作业的多用途特种工作船舶,船上配备了众多的大型特种设备,使我国首次具备了人工潜入300 m深海进行救助打捞作业的能力。结合"深潜号"工作母船的船舶功能特点和大型特种设备对船体结构设计的影响,介绍了船舶结构特点,并针对所申请的船舶入级符号和附加标志,阐述了船体结构设计过程中的难点以及应注意的事项。     

60客位海景观光船结构强度计算和校核

由于工作于水下,水下观光船大量使用钢化玻璃结构,使船体强度的校核很难用常规规范的方法或舱段有限元方法,为此,运用有限元分析软件MSC.Patran/Nastran对60客位海景观光船进行全船有限元建模,根据规范计算波浪和运动载荷,对模型进行加载,计算得到全船包括钢化玻璃结构在内的应力分布和相对变形情况.     

ZP350D自升式钻井平台桩腿围阱区域的细化研究与设计

自升式钻井平台的桩腿围阱区域是指船体与桩腿固定,相接触的区域。一般在总体强度计算中,对桩腿围阱区域的结构都作较大的简化,故计算刚度与真实刚度有一定误差,从而影响到桩腿围阱区域附近的节点位移与应力。因此,为了得到更接近真实值的应力,本文在总体有限元模型的基础上,对桩腿围阱区域进行局部细化,通过对计算结果的进一步分析,对桩腿围阱区域进行了相应的结构优化设计,最后得出了具有实用价值的结论。     

建造中的船体在船台上的应力松驰现象研究

为得到建造中的船体在船台上的船体变形数据,基于FBG技术设计了船体在船台上的蠕变和应力松驰现象的监测系统,将该系统布置在实际船体结构上,测量了在船台上受结构蠕变和结构应力松驰现象综合作用所造成的船体结构变形,分析了监测过程中造成船体结构变形的因素,指出应力松驰是主要因素。数据分析表明:利用FBG传感技术进行船体变形长期监测是可行的;船体在船台上存在结构蠕变和应力松驰现象。最后,并基于壳体理论估算了船台上的船体结构的内应力释放速率。     

Ultimate strength analysis of a bulk carrier hull girder under alternate hold loading condition,Part 2: Stress distribution in the double bottom and simplified approaches

This is the second of two companion papers dealing with nonlinear finite element modelling and ultimate strength analysis of the hull girder of a bulk carrier under Alternate Hold Loading (AHL) condition. The methodology for nonlinear finite element modelling as well as the ultimate strength results from the nonlinear FE analyses was discussed in the companion paper (Part 1). The purpose of the present paper is to use the FE results to contribute towards developing simplified methods applicable to practical design of ship hulls under combined global and local loads. An important issue is the significant double bottom bending in the empty hold in AHL due to combined global hull girder bending moment and local loads. Therefore, the stress distributions in the double bottom area at different load levels i.e. rule load level and ultimate failure load level are presented in detail. The implication of different design pressures obtained by different rules (CSR-BC rules and DNV rules) on the stress distribution is investigated. Both (partially) heavy cargo AHL and fully loaded cargo AHL are considered. Factors of influence of double bottom bending such as initial imperfections, local loads, stress distribution and failure modes on the hull girder strength are discussed. Simplified procedures for determination of the hull girder strength for bulk carriers under AHL conditions are also discussed in light of the FE analyses.     

Dynamic response of a surface ship structure subjected to an underwater explosion bubble

Bubble load in a noncontact underwater explosion can cause the ship hull global response and local response. In current literature, the ship hull is usually simplified as a hull girder to analyze its global response. However, literature dealt with the local response of a 3-D surface ship hull subjected to an underwater bubble were limited. This investigation develops a procedure which couples the finite element method with doubly asymptotic approximation (DAA) method to study the problem of transient responses of a ship hull structure subjected to an underwater explosion bubble. Using a 3-D ship model as examples, the global and local responses of the ship model in vertical, transverse and longitudinal directions are performed in detail. The acceleration, velocity and displacement time histories are presented. The characteristics of both the global and local responses of the ship model are discussed. The numerical results show that besides global whipping response, the ship hull also sustains severe local responses in different directions subjected to underwater explosion bubble jetting, which should be taken into consideration.     

Free and forced vibration analyses of ship structures using the finite element method

With increases in ship size and speed, shipboard vibration becomes a significant concern in the design and construction of vessels. Excessive ship vibration is to be avoided for passenger comfort and crew habitability. In addition to the undesired effects on humans, excessive ship vibration may result in the fatigue failure of local structural members or malfunctioning of machinery and equipment. The propeller induces fluctuating pressure on the surface of the hull, which induces vibration in the hull structure. These pressure pulses acting on the ship hull surface above the propeller are the predominant factor for vibrations of ship structures are taken as excitation forces for forced vibration analysis. Ship structures are complex and may be analyzed after idealization of the structure. Several simplifying assumptions are made in the finite element idealization of the hull structure. In this study, a three-dimensional finite element model representing the entire ship hull, including the deckhouse and machinery propulsion system, has been developed using solid modeling software for local and global vibration analyses. Vibration analyses have been conducted under two conditions: free–free (dry) and in-water (wet). The wet analysis has been implemented using acoustic elements. The total damping associated with overall ship hull structure vibration has been considered as a combination of the several damping components. As a result of the global ship free vibration analysis, global natural frequencies and mode shapes have been determined. Moreover, the responses of local ship structures have been determined as a result of the propeller-induced forced vibration analysis.     

用整船有限元模型分析方法计算舰船的总纵强度

当舰船设有长度较长但开口较多的上层建筑时,其船体结构的复杂性使船体总强度很难用常规的梁理论方法确定.本文采用整船三维有限元分析方法,通过整船加载和惯性平衡处理,计算出设计目标船的总纵弯曲变形和应力分布,以及上层建筑参与船体总纵强度的有效度,为船体总强度校核提供依据.     

带有大开口的玻璃钢游艇舷侧夹层板架结构强度分析

为了避免玻璃钢游艇在角隅区域产生疲劳裂缝,对船体结构造成危害,需要对该部位进行强度校核。在研究玻璃钢游艇的基础上,用ANSYS软件建立大开口舷侧板架有限元模型,采用层合壳单元处理复合材料和复合材料夹层结构并计算分析其结构强度,试航结果表明,计算结果可靠。     

水下爆炸冲击波与气泡载荷作用下船体结构的动响应

由冲击波引起的结构动力毁伤与由气泡引起的结构动力毁伤机理不同.基于双渐近（DAA）理论,建立-套有限元方法与边界元方法相结合的数值计算程序.分别研究非接触水下爆炸冲击波载荷与气泡载荷作用下三维船体结构的动响应,阐述水下爆炸载荷与三维船体结构之间的流固耦合理论.通过算例,详细讨论冲击波与气泡载荷作用下船体结构的总体响应和局部响应的-些特征与机理.计算结果表明,在非接触水下爆炸中,冲击波主要是对船体结构造成局部毁伤,而气泡则会对船体结构造成总体与局部的双重毁伤.     

船体结构焊接坡口建模设计与应用

基于船舶产品设计(Ship Product Design,SPD)造船设计软件,对船舶设计过程中船体结构焊接坡口建模设计进行探讨,论述船体结构焊接坡口建模的相关标准和宏坡口建模的功能创新,重点介绍焊接坡口建模数据在船体结构模型中的应用,为焊接物料量统计管理和数字化造船提供支撑。