基于ANSYS和Certon-Dolan理论分析估计疲劳寿命的方法

依据累积疲劳损伤法-迈纳(Miner)法和应力寿命曲线(S-N)推导变幅多级载荷下等效应力及强度判据公式;结合ANSYS有限元分析软件和柯顿-多兰(Certon-Dolan)理论,通过APDL(Ansys Pa- rameter Design Language)参数化建模,分析出不同载荷下应力集中的部位,将有限元网格划分的危险部位节点单元的应力值取出,代入理论公式估算疲劳寿命,具体分析多级载荷加载次序对疲劳寿命的影响,比较Miner方法和Certon-Dolan方法优劣,并提供设计参考数据和理论判据。     

南海2号半潜式钻井平台疲劳寿命分析

本文以南海2号半潜式钻井平台对角线斜撑与水平横撑连接处的K型节点为例进行疲劳寿命分析.首先,建立整体结构有限元模型,质量模型及水动力模型,采用三维势流理论和Morison公式计算出结构所承受地波浪载荷.然后,建立K型节点的有限元细化模型,计算出的热点应力集中系数,结合从整体有限元模型计算出的总体结构应力,得到热点应力传递函数.应用谱分析方法求出结构交变应力范围及相应地循环次数,最后根据Miner线性累积损伤规则进行节点的疲劳寿命评估.     

港口机械结构疲劳寿命计算方法

为有效地评估港口机械结构件的疲劳强度,基于《起重机设计规范》的疲劳校核方法,结合疲劳累积损伤理论和材料S-N曲线,在有限元模型中施加疲劳当量载荷得到当量应力,代入理论公式得到结构的寿命。通过实例分析,说明该计算方法方便、可靠,可在港机结构设计中推广应用。     

两级交变载荷下船体结构典型节点疲劳试验研究

江海直达船属于浅吃水大型宽船,往复航经江段和海段,其疲劳问题不容忽视。将江段和海段载荷简化为小和大2级交变载荷,选取较为典型的船底纵骨贯穿横舱壁节点,通过对比试验探讨2级交变载荷对该船疲劳寿命的影响。试验结果表明,在试验工况下,变幅载荷中的大载荷是导致裂纹扩展的主要因素,小载荷的参与会降低大载荷作用下裂纹扩展的速率。采用等效应力法对变幅载荷下节点的疲劳寿命进行评估,发现采用Miner准则所得结果偏保守,采用均方根法所得结果偏危险,采用修正的Miner准则所得结果精度较高,推荐采用该方法评估2级交变载荷下船体结构典型节点的疲劳寿命。     

防风网结构风振疲劳特性研究

针对某港实际工程．采用有限元方法对防风网结构在脉动风荷载作用下的动力响应进行分析,并根据瞬态动力分析的结果,找出防风网结构应力疲劳最危险的单元。结合疲劳分析的基本理论,应用雨流法统计最危险单元的应力时程,得到应力循环次数及应力幅大小,根据Miner线性累积损伤准则编写ANSYS的风振疲劳程序．计算得到防风网结构的疲劳寿命。根据实际工程,验证设计风速为26．8m／s持续作用下防风网结构的疲劳寿命。     

在役港口起重机金属结构疲劳寿命估算方法研究

介绍了港口起重机金属结构疲劳寿命估算的原理和方法,即现场采集数据,应用雨流法对数据进行后处理分析,然后根据材料的P-S-N曲线获得测点部位的疲劳寿命,最后采用Miner线性累积损伤理论对金属结构的疲劳寿命进行估算.     

基于改进McEvily模型的结构压-压疲劳寿命预测方法

潜水器在下潜过程中其耐压结构大部分区域处于压缩应力状态,所受压力随潜深的改变而改变,将有可能导致耐压球壳发生疲劳破坏,而压-压载荷下的疲劳问题与常规疲劳分析有着很大的不同,因此研究结构的压-压疲劳寿命具有重要意义。本文基于断裂力学理论,采用改进的McEvily裂纹扩展速率模型,预测压缩循环载荷下的深海结构物疲劳寿命。采用有限元方法建立结构模型,研究了裂纹尖端区域有限元单元尺寸的影响,采用多载荷步分析结合节点释放技术计算得到了压缩循环载荷下沿着裂纹扩展平面的残余拉应力和应力强度因子,结合改进的McEvily模型计算得到裂纹扩展寿命曲线。最后,以承受单向循环压缩载荷的双边裂纹板为例,阐述了本文的计算方法,并将计算结果与试验结果进行对比,结果表明本文的压缩疲劳寿命分析方法可行、有效,可为相关承受循环压缩载荷下的结构疲劳寿命评估提供参考。     

漂浮式风电平台动态电缆疲劳寿命分析

针对南海某8 MW浮式风机所配套的35 kV三芯电缆进行疲劳寿命分析，通过理论公式对电缆截面的力学性能进行计算，对其在各疲劳工况下的动力响应进行数值仿真，采用雨流计数法将不规则应力时程响应转化为应力循环周期，并通过Goodman平均应力修正法进行修正，最后结合材料S-N曲线，应用Miner线性累积损伤理论对电缆进行疲劳寿命的分析与评估。分析结果表明该电缆疲劳损伤最大处位于上端出防弯器处，损伤最大结构为铠装钢丝，累计损伤满足服役寿命要求。     

焊接结构多轴疲劳寿命预测结构应力法

海洋工程焊接结构形式复杂且遭受随机波浪载荷作用,焊接接头多数处于多轴疲劳状态,而目前工程上主要采用基于单轴疲劳理论和试验的方法预测结构的疲劳寿命。为了提高焊接结构疲劳寿命预测的准确性,文章提出了一种评估焊接接头疲劳强度的新型结构应力法,并与临界面理论相结合,能够用于实际焊接结构的多轴疲劳寿命预测。通过对国际上已公开发表的疲劳试验数据进行有限元分析,证明了文中提出的结构应力法比传统的热点应力法具有更高的精度,以及该方法应用于焊接结构多轴疲劳寿命预测的可行性。最后,应用该方法对一个T型管节点进行了多轴疲劳寿命计算。     

随机海况下的船体结构疲劳裂纹扩展

传统的疲劳问题一般都是采用S—N曲线及Miner累计损伤理论进行的,文章在基于断裂力学的基础上,通过权函数法来计算应力沿裂纹面的非线性效应力强度因子,鉴于船舶在海洋环境中受到载荷的随机性,充分考虑加载次序、过载峰和应力比等对裂纹扩展的影响,给出了船舶结构疲劳裂纹在随机载荷下的扩展寿命的计算过程。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。