GPS RTK测量技术在公路外业测量中的应用

文章以GPS RTK测量技术为研究对象,结合南宁伶俐至钦州陆屋公路工程,介绍了GPS RTK测量技术在公路外业测量中的应用方法,并评述了GPS RTK测量技术的优缺点,提出了相应的建议。     

GPS RTK技术在公路勘测中的应用

介绍了GPS RTK的定位原理,以及在公路勘测中的作业流程,分析了RTK技术在公路勘测中的影响因素。     

GPS RTK技术在公路勘测中的应用

针对GPS RTK技术快速静态定位和动态定位两种测量模式在公路勘测过程中不同阶段的应用,通过对GPS RTK技术测量误差来源的分析,总结其在测量过程中形成误差的因素。     

GPS在高速公路测量中的应用

全球定位系统GPS技术应用于高速公路测量是公路外业勘测的一项重大技术革新,其应用及开发的前景十分宽广。尤其是实时动态(RTK)定位技术在高速公路测量中蕴含着巨大的技术潜力,介绍GPS技术的发展由来和组成,并重点介绍RTK技术在高速公路测量中的特点。     

RTK在航道施工放样中的应用

<正>本文介绍了GPS(RTK)的基本原理、误差来源和航道放样方法及操作步骤,并利用徕卡GPS1200(RTK)对第二松花江前江沿滩群航道疏浚工程中挖槽边线拐点进行放样,并用徕卡TC702进行点位坐标校核,然后对测量结果进行精度分析。通过对放样点的精度分析,得出GPS(RTK)的放样精度可以满足航道工程挖槽边线放样精度要求,并对GPS(RTK)在航道疏浚工程施工放样可行性进行了论证。     

GPS-RTK在水下地形测量中的应用

RTK(Real Ti me Kinematic)定位技术是GPS定位技术的一项飞跃,文章通过工程实例,介绍了GPS-RTK在水下测量中的应用,对其作业流程和关键技术问题进行了分析,得出了一些有益的结论。     

免像控技术在航测遥感测绘地形图中的运用分析

在航测遥感测绘工作能够创新融合多种新型测绘技术和摄像技术,还能够将GPS设备和RTK精密定位技术进行有机融合,提供更加精准的测绘基础数据信息.在绘制航测遥感测绘地形图的过程中,合理运用免像控技术和专业的仪器设备,能够进一步优化与完善各项测绘工作指标,有效提升测绘工作效率.本文主要分析免像控技术在航测遥感测绘地形图中的具...     

GPS·RTK技术在省道316线高唐至聊城段工程中的应用

通过工作实践,结合其在省道316线高唐至聊城段工程测量中的应用,介绍了用GPS·RTK技术进行中线测量的方法,可以有效的提高作业效率和测量质量,介绍了RTK测量作业工程中的一些注意问题、RTK的技术优点、测量方面的局限性及今后发展方向.     

港口航道疏浚中浮泥层厚度测量分析

港口航道底部浮泥层存在较大的测量难度,为探索切实可行的浮泥层厚度测量技术,以某港航疏浚工程为例,提出以GPS网络RTK技术为依托,应用SDE-28型全数字测深仪高频信号测量浮泥层上界面,使用塔尺测量浮泥层下界面,再展开数据套合计算后确定浮泥层厚度的优化方案;并对该方案在港航河道浮泥层厚度测量中的应用要点展开分析。结果表明,所采用的测深仪各声学通道均具备信号处理模块,施测期间能确保高低频探测过程独立进行,为更好地测定航道底部浮泥层厚度提供了保证。     

GPS-RTK技术在高速公路测量中的应用

结合RTK技术优点,对GPS-RTK技术的应用现状进行了总结,从总体方案与技术路线、控制测量、高程控制测量、图根测量、居民用地测绘工作、结果整理等方面进行了具体分析,确保GPS-RTK技术在高速公路测量中的应用效果.     

Analysis of factors affecting the choice of route of pedestrians

Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD).

An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip.

It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links.     

输油管道中原油乳状液的流变性研究

原油乳状液的流变性是原油开采后在管道中输送的重要研究方面,为了更好地研究这一性质,采用电动搅拌机、偏光显微镜以及流变仪等仪器来测定不同含水率的原油乳状液在不同条件下的黏度,观测不同含水率的原油乳状液在偏光显微镜下的形态。并且分别对原油乳状液的黏度与含水率之间的关系以及与剪切速率之间的关系进行研究,初步确定了所测区块原油乳状液的转相点以及该区块原油乳状液的流变特性,为生产中的油气集输提供了理论依据。     

Preliminary results of an analysis of areas of influence in Shanghai

The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda.     

城市轨道交通杂散电流监测系统概述

介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。     

埋地管道防腐保温层失效评价

明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

Direct analysis of the perceived importance of attributes of reliability of travel modes in urban travel

Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area.     

盾构隧道管片接头抗剪力学性能研究

通过对南京长江盾构隧道环向管片接头进行的三组原型抗剪(无螺栓剪切、有螺栓逆剪和有螺栓顺剪)加载试验,分析研究了管片接头在剪力作用下的受力、变形和破坏特征,给出了管片接头混凝土接触面的静摩擦系数,得到了接头剪力主要由混凝土接触面承担、破坏形式为连接斜螺栓剪切延性破坏的结论。通过对管片结构的有限元数值模拟计算得出:接头处的剪力与轴力比小于接缝面的摩擦系数,管片不会发生相互错动,结构是稳定的。     

Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports

This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress.