汽车悬架磁流变阻尼器的试验建模

依据汽车悬架用磁流变阻尼器的阻尼特性试验结果，提出了一种描述阻尼器动态特性的力学模型，即修正的Bouc-Wen模型。并用优化的方法确定了模型的参数。该模型能够较精确地描述磁流变阻尼器在改变电流强度时的动态特性。     

整车多体动力学模型的建立、验证及仿真分析

利用多体动力学方法建立了某轿车的整车非线性多体动力学模型,模型中考虑了前后悬架、转向系统的详细几何结构参数,以及连接处的橡胶衬套、阻尼器的非线性特性,轮胎采用M agic Formu la模型。对所建模型进行了多种试验验证,并分析了该样车的操纵稳定性等相关特性,仿真结果表明所建整车多体模型有较高的精度。     

基于磁流变阻尼器的发动机振动模糊PID控制

在对发动机激振力及动力学模型分析的基础上,提出一种模糊PID控制方法,设计出了基于磁流变阻尼器的发动机振动控制的半主动模糊PID控制器,并运用MATLAB/Simulink对隔振控制系统进行了对比仿真.仿真结果显示,与橡胶隔振垫和PID控制相比,采用模糊PID控制的磁流变阻尼器的发动机有更明显的隔振效果,表明了磁流变阻尼器在汽车发动机上运用的可行性.     

一种用于车辆半主动悬架控制的磁流变阻尼器模型

文中对适用于车辆半主动悬架控制器设计的磁流变阻尼器模型进行研究.首先分析阻尼力与位移、速度以及输入电流之间的关系,并结合现有阻尼器模型的优点,提出一种精确的便于控制的双曲正切磁滞模型.接着,将磁流变阻尼器安装在硬件在环仿真平台上进行试验,利用试验得到的阻尼器动态特性数据,进行阻尼器模型的参数辨识和曲线拟合.最后,将基于拟合参数的模型仿真结果与试验数据进行比较,验证了模型的正确性.     

汽车单筒充气磁流变减振器特性的试验研究

分析了汽车单筒充气磁流变减振器的结构和基于磁流变液Bingham本构关系的阻尼力模型,对用于汽车悬架的国外某单筒充气磁流变减振器阻尼力示功特性、温度特性、活塞磁路磁场特性、磁流变液流变特性进行了试验研究。试验结果表明,磁流变阻尼器具有很强的耗能性和可控性;随控制电流增加,其阻尼力增大,电流达到一定时磁场出现磁饱和状态,阻尼力将趋于稳定;随着工作温度升高,减振器压缩阻尼力增大,拉伸阻尼力下降。     

The Design of Feedback Controller for the Suspension System with Saturated Uncertain Magneto-theological Damper

首先分析了磁流变阻尼器悬架系统的闭环稳定性.应用饱和模型描述了磁流变阻尼器的主要物理特性,这一模型弱化了磁流变阻尼器Bouc-Wen模型的强非线性.接着利用凸包技术对悬架系统状态方程时变参数矩阵和非线性饱和项进行线性化处理.再根据相关引理和Lyapunov函数稳定性理论,将反馈控制器求解问题转化为若干LMI约束条件下的凸优化问题.最后通过求解LMI凸优化问题的最优解,设计出悬架系统的闭环反馈控制器,并给出了最大稳定吸引域.仿真结果表明,磁流变阻尼器的减振效果明显地优于传统阻尼器.     

磁流变阻尼器在洪山大桥拉索减振中的应用

介绍了一种新型磁流变（MR）阻尼器——永磁调节装配式磁流变阻尼器在长沙洪山大桥拉索减振的应用及试验研究情况，得到了安装阻尼器前后拉索的动力特性，结果表明这种新型磁流变阻尼器能有效地提高拉索的模态阻尼比，抑制拉索的大幅振动。由于该阻尼器无需供电，装配简单，维修方便，与其他的磁流变阻尼器相比，具有较高的推广应用价值。     

摩托车磁流变阻尼器的设计研究

磁流变液是一种新型智能材料,属于可控流体,具有在外加磁场作用下快速可逆地改变流变性能的特点.选择剪切阀式作为阻尼器的工作模式,对磁流变阻尼器的磁路进行设计,优化了磁流变阻尼器的结构参数,并根据理论分析选择阻尼器的结构尺寸,设计制作了单出杆磁流变阻尼器.     

应用于汽车减振的磁流变液阻尼器的设计原理

应用智能材料磁流变液（MR）构造出的半主动悬架减振系统，可以用于对车辆振动的控制。MR流体具有的独特性质在于：在强磁场的作用下，可由牛顿流体变为粘塑流体，而变液阻尼器则具有结构简单、体积小、工作连续可逆，能耗小等优点。本文介绍了磁流变液的材料特性，建立了磁流变液阻尼器的阻尼力数学模型，并提出设计变阻尼器时参数的选取原则。     

车用磁流变阻尼器的试验及力学建模研究

针对某型号车用磁流变阻尼器进行阻尼特性试验,得到阻尼器的阻尼力在不同工况下与位移、速度的变化曲线.结合Bouc-Wen模型对磁流变阻尼器进行力学建模,推导出模型各参数与加载电流的关系,进而得出电流与阻尼力之间的关系.最后,对比模型仿真结果与试验测试结果,验证磁流变阻尼器的阻尼力可控.     

H8 Control Performance of a Full-Vehicle Suspension Featuring Magnetorheological Dampers

Summary This paper presents an investigation of the feedback control performance of a full-vehicle suspension system featuring magnetorheological (MR) dampers. A cylindrical MR damper is designed and manufactured by incorporating a Bingham model of aMR fluid which is commercially available. After evaluating the field-dependent damping characteristics of the MR damper, a full-vehicle suspension system installed with 4 independent MR dampers is constructed and its governing equations of motion which include vertical, pitch and roll motions are derived. A H 8 controller which has inherent robustness against system uncertainties is formulated by treating the sprung mass of the vehicle as uncertain parameter. This is accomplished by adopting the loop shaping design procedure. For the demonstration of a practical feasibility, control performance characteristics for vibration suppression of the proposed MR suspension system are evaluated under various road conditions through the hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) methodology.     

H8 Control Performance of a Full-Vehicle Suspension Featuring Magnetorheological Dampers

Summary This paper presents an investigation of the feedback control performance of a full-vehicle suspension system featuring magnetorheological (MR) dampers. A cylindrical MR damper is designed and manufactured by incorporating a Bingham model of aMR fluid which is commercially available. After evaluating the field-dependent damping characteristics of the MR damper, a full-vehicle suspension system installed with 4 independent MR dampers is constructed and its governing equations of motion which include vertical, pitch and roll motions are derived. A H 8 controller which has inherent robustness against system uncertainties is formulated by treating the sprung mass of the vehicle as uncertain parameter. This is accomplished by adopting the loop shaping design procedure. For the demonstration of a practical feasibility, control performance characteristics for vibration suppression of the proposed MR suspension system are evaluated under various road conditions through the hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) methodology.     

Semi-active control of tracked vehicle suspension incorporating magnetorheological dampers

In past years, the application of magnetorheological (MR) and electrorheological dampers in vehicle suspension has been widely studied, mainly for the purpose of vibration control. This paper presents theoretical study to identify an appropriate semi-active control method for MR-tracked vehicle suspension. Three representative control algorithms are simulated including the skyhook, hybrid and fuzzy-hybrid controllers. A seven degrees-of-freedom tracked vehicle suspension model incorporating MR dampers has been adopted for comparison between the performance of the three controllers. The model differential equations are derived based on Newton's second law of motion and the proposed control methods are developed. The performance of each control method under bump and sinusoidal road profiles for different vehicle speeds is simulated and compared with the performance of the conventional suspension system in time and frequency domains. The results show that the performance of tracked vehicle suspension with MR dampers is substantially improved. Moreover, the fuzzy-hybrid controller offers an excellent integrated performance in reducing the body accelerations as well as wheel bounce responses compared with the classical skyhook and hybrid controllers.     

MR阻尼器对斜拉索减振控制的数值仿真

为控制斜拉索的大幅振动,在Hamilton原理基础上应用Galerkin法建立了斜拉索振动控制的计算模型。通过改进形函数,采用四阶五级RK算法对钱江三桥南岸154 m长的斜拉索进行了现场试验的数值仿真。磁流变(MR)阻尼器力学关系采用由室内试验结果回归的非线性滞回双粘性数学模型,系统等效阻尼比通过希尔伯特变换识别。分析表明:数值仿真对现场试验具有很好的指导作用,同时能进一步验证现场试验的结果。MR阻尼器作为被动控制器件时制振效果明显,与最优油阻尼器控制效果相当且控制的频域范围要比油阻尼器的广;当供电失效时也可满足斜拉索减振的要求。斜拉索的各阶共振峰频率在安装MR阻尼器后略微增大。MR阻尼器在施加一合适的电压时可以发挥最佳的制振效果。     

Semi-active H∞ control of high-speed railway vehicle suspension with magnetorheological dampers

In this paper, semi-active H∞ control with magnetorheological (MR) dampers for railway vehicle suspension systems to improve the lateral ride quality is investigated. The proposed semi-active controller is composed of a H∞ controller as the system controller and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) inverse MR damper model as the damper controller. First, a 17-degree-of-freedom model for a full-scale railway vehicle is developed and the random track irregularities are modelled. Then a modified Bouc–Wen model is built to characterise the forward dynamic characteristics of the MR damper and an inverse MR damper model is built with the ANFIS technique. Furthermore, a H∞ controller composed of a yaw motion controller and a rolling pendulum motion (lateral motion+roll motion) controller is established. By integrating the H∞ controller with the ANFIS inverse model, a semi-active H∞ controller for the railway vehicle is finally proposed. Simulation results indicate that the proposed semi-active suspension system possesses better attenuation ability for the vibrations of the car body than the passive suspension system.     

A Method to Analyse the Dynamic Behavior of a Motorcycle Front Suspension Equipped with Sequential Dampers

This work analyses the dynamic behavior of a motorcycle front suspension equipped with passive sequential hydraulic dampers, in some operative situations. The dampers, with non-linear and asymmetric characteristics, may be regulated in six different ways. Using experimental elasticity and damping data as reference parameters, and a simplified two-degrees-of-freedom model, some dynamic simulations were carried out in order to define damping parameters for optimal comfort and safety.     

斜拉桥拉索磁流变阻尼器减振技术研究

采用数值仿真和现场试验对磁流变阻尼器的减振性能进行了研究。数值仿真计算评估了磁流变阻尼器安装高度、外部激励、阻尼器输入电压等参数对拉索系统模态阻尼比的影响 ,结果表明磁流变阻尼器具有良好的阻尼可调特性 ,调节阻尼器的输入电压可以获得拉索系统的最佳模态阻尼比 ;现场试验表明 ,安装该阻尼器后 ,拉索系统的模态阻尼比提高 3～ 6倍 ,并存在一优化电压 ,在该电压下模态阻尼比达到最大 ;实际风雨振时的现场观测结果显示 ,磁流变阻尼器具有很好的减振效果 ;拉索磁流变阻尼器减振技术已在岳阳洞庭湖大桥全桥实施 ,解决了该桥的风雨振问题     

Semi-active suspension systems for railway vehicles using magnetorheological dampers. Part I: system integration and modelling

In this paper, it is aimed to investigate semi-active suspension systems using magnetorheological (MR) fluid dampers for improving the ride quality of railway vehicles. A 17-degree-of-freedom (DOF) model of a full-scale railway vehicle integrated with the semi-active controlled MR fluid dampers in its secondary suspension system is proposed to cope with the lateral, yaw, and roll motions of the car body, trucks, and wheelsets. The governing equations combining the dynamics of the railway vehicle integrated with MR dampers in the suspension system and the dynamics of the rail track irregularities are developed and a linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control law using the acceleration feedback is adopted, in which the state variables are estimated from the measurable accelerations with a Kalman estimator. In order to evaluate the performances of the semi-active suspension systems based on MR dampers for railway vehicles, the random and periodical track irregularities are modelled with a uniform state-space formulation according to the testing data and incorporated into the governing equation of the railway vehicle integrated with the semi-active suspension system. Utilising the governing equations and the semi-active controller developed in this paper, the simulation and analysis are presented in Part II of this paper.     

洞庭湖大桥拉索风雨振控制新技术

随着大跨径斜拉桥的不断建设，斜拉索的减振特别是风雨振的控制已成为该类桥梁急需解决的关键问题之一。岳阳洞庭湖大桥建成通车后已发生多次强烈风雨振，在对应用磁流变智能阻尼减振技术控制风雨振研究的基础上，全面评估了该技术控制拉索振动的实际效果，证明该阻尼器是拉索风雨振控制的有效手段。岳阳洞庭湖大桥全桥安装磁流变阴尼器后，加速度响应降低为原加速度的1/20-1/30。