筑路机械的维护与保养

在公路施工中,机械管理人员存在"以修代养"的思想,使筑路机械得不到良好的保养,机械设备完好率下降。通过扎扎实实的机械维护保养工作,可以提高筑路机械的完好率和利用率,延长机械设备的使用寿命。     

浅谈筑路机械设备管理

文章通过分析筑路机械设备管理的背景和意义,针对目前筑路机械设备管理存在的问题,提出了相关对策,为公路施工企业提高筑路机械设备管理水平提供借鉴。     

智慧工地管理系统对建筑机械设备安全管理的影响研究

在建筑工程中,采用机械设备可以提高工程的质量和施工效率,所以应当利用智慧工地管理系统,对建筑机械设备进行安全管理。本文基于智慧工地管理系统的积极影响,提出其在建筑机械设备安全管理中的具体应用,分别为优化机械设备的安全事故管理、监测机械设备的运行参数、实现设备作业规范化管理、加强设备日常维护与保养等,通过系统管理,确保建筑工程的机械设备运行更加安全高效。     

建筑安全施工与管理的策略探讨

本文探讨了建筑施工安全施工技术的重要性、相关要点及有效策略。加强建筑施工安全施工技术与安全管理,对于保障建筑工人生命财产安全、提高建筑施工质量具有重要意义。本文从建筑施工技术、建筑安全管理两个角度进行分析,介绍了模板工程、钢筋工程、混凝土工程等安全技术要点,并提出了一系列有效策略,包括关注施工技术安全观念教育、注重施工机械设备保养与维护、规范化施工现场临时建筑物搭建、完善施工安全管理制度、加大施工安全考核力度、促进安全文化建设、做好突发事件应对工作,以及提升信息化技术使用效率等方面。     

公路及城市道路路基施工技术研究

在道路工程建设工程中,路基施工属于重点,也是保证道路工程施工质量、使用安全以及使用年限的基础,因而现代道路工程建设中应高度重视路基施工技术的应用和管理。文章针对公路及城市道路路基施工的特点,阐述了公路及城市道路路基施工的技术要求与施工流程,并分析了施工中存在的问题,提出了相应的对策。     

提高交通工程机械管理与维护工作的措施研究

在公路工程的施工过程中,通过机械设备的合理配置、管理与维护,可实现施工进度与施工质量的有效提高。但是,在实际工程中,往往由于诸多因素的影响,导致机械设备的使用效率与使用质量大大降低,从而影响到整个工程施工的顺利进行。文章针对交通工程中工程机械的管理与维护工作进行探讨,对于在交通工程中工程机械的管理与维护特点以及影响其相关管理以及维护工作的相关因素进行了分析,并提出了相应的解决措施,有助于提高交通工程中工程机械的管理与维护水平。     

路基新材料--帕尔玛酶

介绍一种筑路新技术-帕尔玛土壤固化酶.在对帕尔玛酶的特点、固化原理进行分析的基础上,详细介绍了帕尔玛道路的施工和造价.由于帕尔玛道路施工简单方便、节约成本,具有广泛的经济和社会效益.     

泡沫轻质土在道路工程加高挡墙施工中的应用

泡沫轻质土作为近年来发展起来的一种新型轻质填充材料,是以发泡剂水溶液为原料,采用物理方法制备泡沫,将胶凝材料、添加剂和水按一定比例混合,通过物理和化学作用硬化而成的一种轻质材料。与传统路基施工技术相比,泡沫轻质土路基施工技术具有效率高、连续性强、进度快、工期有保障、对周围环境影响小、文明施工程度高、施工简便、机械设备使用少等特点。为提高泡沫轻质土在道路工程中的应用效果,对泡沫轻质土在道路工程加高挡墙施工中的具体应用进行研究,以期为同类型施工提供帮助。     

道路桥梁设计及施工裂缝的产生原因及控制方法

在我国当前的道路桥梁建设工程当中,应用最广泛的结构材料是混凝土材料.由于混凝土材料自身的特性,在使用过程中易受外界因素以及环境因素影响,导致道路桥梁在施工建设阶段产生裂缝,增加了道路桥梁工程的质量隐患以及安全风险.在道路桥梁工程的建设施工阶段中,涉及的工作人员没有重视裂缝问题,没有第一时间进行针对性处理,降低混凝土结构的整体性能以及质量.在道路桥梁的设计以及施工阶段中,提升对裂缝问题的重视程度,对各类裂缝病害进行有效应对,保证道路桥梁工程的施工效率以及施工质量不受影响.     

"RDS-8固化酶"在道路工程中的应用

文章简要地介绍了RDS-8固化酶稳定土的研究,通过室内试验和试验路,证明了RDS-8固化酶稳定土较优良的路用性能及适用范围,在道路工程应用中达到使用安全方便、减少筑路造价、节约能源等效果。     

高速公路改扩建工程水土保持监测与评价

开展水土流失监测是水土保持监管的重要手段。文章以广西沿海高速公路改扩建工程一期工程水土保持监测实践为例,分析了工程建设水土流失特点,介绍了水土保持监测技术和方法,并通过对工程实例监测结果的分析评价,提出了水土保持监测工作中易出现的问题及相应的解决方案。     

Logsums for utility-maximizers and regret-minimizers,and their relation with desirability and satisfaction

This paper studies to what extent the Logsum-measure of user benefits relates to travelers’ perceptions of choice set-desirability and choice-satisfaction. Knowing these relations is important since researchers have recently started to analyze and interpret user benefits in general – and Logsums in specific – in terms of these more behaviorally oriented notions, rather than in terms of expected utility. Participants to a stated route choice experiment were asked to indicate, after each choice made, to what extent they considered the choice set to be desirable, or to what extent they were satisfied with the chosen alternative. These measurements were correlated with Logsums that were computed for each choice situation. In addition, the paper derives a regret-based Logsum (which gives the expected regret of a choice situation) and presents a comparison with its utilitarian counterpart. Also for this regret-based Logsum, correlations with desirability- and satisfaction-ratings are computed. As a general finding, it appears that all computed correlations are rather weak. This suggests that, at least in the context of our data, the utility-based Logsum and its regret-based counterpart appear to have only a fairly weak connection with the behavioral notions of choice set-desirability and choice-satisfaction.     

公路与水路运输节能减排量化分析和比较

通过研究汽车与船舶的油耗特点,结合燃油种类与CO_2排放量的关系,建立了计算公路运输与水路运输单位耗油量与单位CO_2排放量的数学模型。通过敏感性分析,研究车速或航速与载货率对车辆或船舶单位CO_2排放量的影响。以从厦门港到盐田港的干散货运输为例,做了节能减排计算分析,并将结果与用其他方法获得的结果对比。在此基础上,对公路运输与水路运输节能减排做了敏感性分析研究,可以计算出能够体现水路运输节能减排优势的临界货运量。结果表明本文中介绍的方法能够为核算、比较公路运输与水路运输的节能减排效果提供更科学的量化参考。     

Resilience and accessibility of Swedish and Dutch municipalities

Recent years have shown a rising popularity of the concept of resilience—both theoretically and empirically—in complex systems analysis. There is also a rising literature on resilience in the transport and spatial-economic field. The pluriform interpretation of resilience (e.g., engineering vs. ecological resilience) is related to methodological differences (e.g., stability in dynamics vs. evolutionary adaptivity). But in all cases the fundamental question is whether a complex system that is subjected to an external shock is able to recover, and if so, to which extent. The present paper [Based on presentation from cluster 6 (Accessibility) of the Nectar 2015 conference in Ann Arbour, USA.] aims to add a new dimension to resilience analysis in spatial systems, by addressing in particular the relationship between spatial accessibility at a municipality level and the resilience outcomes of the spatial system concerned. It does so by investigating to which extent accessibility of Swedish and Dutch municipalities has mitigated the local shock absorption from the recent economic recession. In our study the shock absorption capacity of municipal accessibility is estimated by analysing the relevant resilience indicators for the period concerned. In this context, conventional resilience indicators based on either multivariate complex data (in particular, the Foster Resilience Capacity Index) or employment data (in particular, the Martin Resilience-Employment Index) are confronted with spatial connectivity data based on local accessibility measures, so that geographical mobility may be regarded as one of the shock-mitigating factors. The empirical analysis is carried out for two countries which have both proven to be rather shock-resistant during the recent economic crisis, viz. Sweden and The Netherlands. Clearly, the geographical structure of these countries forms a sharp mutual contrast, viz. a spatially dispersed economy with a few distinct urban concentrations versus a spatially dense economy with one major metropolitan centre (the Randstad), respectively. Our experiments are carried out for the 290 municipalities in Sweden and 40 COROPs in The Netherlands. Our research findings show relevant and new insights into differences in the local recovery potential in Sweden and The Netherlands.     

隧道及地下工程结构防排水技术的发展和应用

文章总结了大瑶山隧道修建以来其复合式衬砌结构防排水试验研究和应用情况,介绍了塑料防水隔离层的防水机理及各种防水型式的优缺点,提出了改进建议.     

互联互通,走向繁荣

设施联通是"一带一路"国际合作高峰论坛六个平行主题会议之一,以"互联互通、走向繁荣"为主题,各国共商共议交通、能源、通信等设施联通务实合作。随着未来全球范围内基础设施的升级换代和互联互通,交通、能源与通信技术融合发展,催生新的业态,是拉动经济增长的新动能。在新一代基础设施网络体系的建设中,后发国家面临跨越发展的难得机遇,中国基础设施发展的经验具有重要借鉴意义。     

Subjective well-being and travel: retrospect and prospect

Although the improvement of well-being is often an implicitly-assumed goal of many, if not most, public policies, the study of subjective well-being (SWB) and travel has so far been confined to a relatively small segment of the travel behavior community. Accordingly, one main purpose of this paper is to introduce a larger share of the community to some fundamental SWB-related concepts and their application in transportation research, with the goal of attracting others to this rewarding area of study. At the same time, however, I also hope to offer some useful reflections to those already working in this field. After discussing some basic issues of terminology and measurement of SWB, I present from the literature four conceptual models relating travel and subjective well-being. Following one of those models, I review five ways in which travel can influence well-being. I conclude by examining some challenges associated with assessing the impacts of travel on well-being, as well as challenges associated with applying what we learn to policy.

     

材料节约与循环利用专项行动计划技术成果简介

当前,加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会已提升为国家战略。交通运输部为加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型交通,组织开展了“材料节约与循环利用专项行动计划”。通过专项行动大力推广路面再生技术、废胎胶粉筑路应用技术、机制砂混凝土技术以及聚合物改性水泥混凝土技术等西部交通建设科技项目成果,以为交通建设资源的高效利用和循环使用提供示范。本刊现以专栏形式介绍上述成果的相关内容,以飨读者。