爆炸载荷下半潜式钻井平台月池结构动态响应

以某半潜式钻井平台月池结构为研究对象,基于一般耦合法建立拉格朗日与欧拉网格的耦合,计及应变率效应的影响,应用二阶精度求解器ROE算法结合等效当量TNT方法及理想气体状态方程,参考API规范要求设置多组计算工况,对月池结构在不同爆源高度及不同当量载荷下的动态响应进行了数值分析研究。研究发现：整体结构抗爆性能较好,未有结构发生破损失效。当爆源高度超过41.55m或当载荷增大时,对X方向月池内壁板格造成的冲击与变形损伤更大,该处结构在防爆设计时应重点考虑;平台沿Y方向的舱壁为主要吸能构件,占比最低为44.7%,当爆源高度降低时,吸能占比增加,当爆炸载荷增大时,吸能占比降低;沿X方向的舱壁吸能占比稳定约为24%。本文的研究对于评估平台结构抗爆性能,优化结构设计等方面具有一定的参考价值。     

Assessment of submarine pipeline damages subjected to falling object impact considering the effect of seabed

Untrenched submarine pipelines lying on the seabed are vulnerable and can be damaged by the impact of falling objects. This may cause significant economic costs for repair and even environmental contamination in case of rupture and oil leakage. This paper presents assessment of submarine pipeline damage subjected to falling object impact considering the effect of seabed through nonlinear explicit dynamic finite element modelling. The numerical model was first verified against existing experimental results and established studies. A total of 209 cases of parametric study was then conducted to assess pipeline damage by accounting for various factors, including object mass, velocity and seabed conditions. The results show that the pipeline damage can be directly related to the impact kinetic energy of the falling object for pipelines sitting on rigid bed. In other words, falling objects with the same impact energy (while mass and velocity may vary) cause the same damage to a pipeline. For a pipeline on a soil seabed, however, this study shows that pipeline damage is no longer simplistically determined by the impact kinetic energy of the falling objects. Falling objects with different mass and velocity may cause different pipeline damages, even though the impact energy is the same. It is interesting to find out that objects with a smaller mass (i.e. higher velocity) tend to cause greater damage than objects with a greater mass (i.e. lower velocity), when the total impact kinetic energy of the falling objects is the same. These observations are explored in this paper, which is explained with the variation of the energy absorption due to the existence of soil seabed.     

大连长兴岛海域潮流输沙计算分析

海岸动力因子作用下的泥沙运动及其岸滩演变规律，是海洋工程建筑物和海港码头的规划设计、施工及维护中所考虑的重要因素。针对大连市长兴岛海域，某科研所设置了14个测站并获取了各站的潮流流速、流向和合沙量等水文数据，文章利用这些资料对潮流输沙问题进行了专门计算研究，得到了该海域各站大潮、小潮全日单宽输沙率，并得到了相应结论。     

高桩码头岸坡地震位移计算方法比较

在强震区高桩码头设计中,基于位移的设计准则允许码头岸坡震后出现一定的位移,验算码头岸坡地震位移是高桩码头抗震设计的重要内容之一。依托某强震区高桩码头,针对目前广泛使用的基于NEWMARK刚性滑块位移理论的经验公式进行比较分析,如MakdisiSeed公式、MartinQiu公式、Jibson公式、SaygiliRathje公式、Jonathan公式等;并采用有限差分软件FLAC 2D进行动力时程分析验证。结果表明,尽管不同经验公式的位移估算结果存在一定的差异,但总体符合Jonathan提出的概率分布模型,动力时程分析法在位移评估上具有一定的优势。     

某多管火箭炮的动力学特性分析

利用显式动力学方法计算了某火箭弹与定向管的弹管碰撞问题,得到了定向钮和前中后3个定心部与定向管的碰撞力;利用快速傅立叶变换计算出碰撞力的频谱,并与某火箭弹发射装置的固有频率进行对比分析,说明了火箭炮系统设计合理;对火箭弹发射系统进行了动力学计算,得出了前后2组弹发射的最小时间间隔和初始扰动参数.     

传动间隙对舰炮随动系统的影响研究

随动系统与机械有关的问题经常对随动系统的性能提出严格的限制.以往分析随动系统时,为了使问题简化,避免繁琐的计算,大多把机械装置当作绝对刚性传动来处理.实际上,系统运动过程中传动链的间隙所引起的机电谐振问题就会明显地暴露出来,它对系统的动态性能影响较大,甚至使系统不稳定.本文在建立随动系统数学模型的基础上,对舰炮存在的闭环内和闭环外传动间隙进行了理论计算和仿真分析,最后探讨了运用不同校正方法对随动系统带来的影响.     

永磁接触器动态特性仿真分析

提出了一种适用于永磁接触器合分闸过程的动态仿真分析方法,利用Matlab语言的Simulink功能建立了动态仿真模型,该模型主要包括根据电压平衡方程和达朗贝尔机械运动方程建立的电压平衡子模型和机械运动子模型。位移、磁链和电流之间的非线性关系先由有限元方法求得,用于仿真计算中已知位移和磁链时电流的查表计算,可大大提高仿真速度和精度。通过样机的试验数据,验证了仿真模型的正确性。     

Dynamics of five-bar COBOT using differential mechanism

COBOT is a new kind of collaborative robot, which can work with people in a shared space. In this paper a new kind of CVT using differential mechanism is introduced, which is major parts of five-bar COBOT and based the feature of nonhlonnmie constraint. The dynamic model of differential mechanism and five-bar architecture COBOT is founded. There are two kinds of coupled mode of two CVT:serial and parallel. In this paper, we present the dynamic model of serial and parallel COBOT take five-bar COBOT as research object. From the dynamic analysis foregoing, both serial and parallel COBOT model are have the feature of nonholonomic constraint. The ending track and moving state are controlled by the force of control motor and operator. The control motor can not control the movement and ending track of COBOT witbout the cooperation of cperator.     

门式起重机虚拟样机建模与动力学仿真

研究了门式起重机动力学虚拟样机的建模方法,根据刚性体部件、柔性体部件和钢丝绳的特点,分别给出了不同的建模方法。通过对起升工况和大车运行工况进行动力学仿真,得到了整机的位移时间历程、动应力以及各连接件之间的作用力等,较真实地反映了门式起重机在作业过程中的动态特性。     

发动机曲轴轴系多柔体动力学仿真及应力应变分析

将多柔体动力学方法引入到曲轴计算中,并结合有限元分析技术,使用UG（Unigraphic）和ADAMS（Automatic Dy-namic Analysis of Mechanical Systems）建立了发动机曲轴轴系的动力学仿真模型;对曲轴轴系进行刚柔耦合多体运动学和动力学仿真,得到发动机在一个发火周期内的曲柄销法向力和切向力等动态载荷,为下一步机体振动噪音特性研究提供可靠的边界条件;并从曲轴所受的载荷中找出3个载荷比较大的时刻,计算得到了其相应时刻的应力和应变分布规律,找出了曲轴受力的危险部位,为曲轴的动态疲劳分析提供数据,为曲轴的优化设计提供参考.     

柔性、刚性球艏对双壳舷侧结构耐撞性能影响的研究

采用非线性显示动力有限元软件LS_DYNA,对舷侧双壳结构在柔性和刚性球艏撞击下的动力响应进行仿真研究.采用全船有限元模型,考虑船体周围附连水质量对结构动力响应的影响.给出了碰撞力-撞深、能量-撞深曲线以及各构件吸收的能量.仿真结果表明:不同球艏撞击下舷侧内外壳板的破裂时刻、撞深和舷侧结构变形性能都有所不同.     

柔性立管涡激振动响应轨迹特性研究

为了深入研究细长柔性立管的涡激振动响应特性,进行了柔性立管的拖曳水池试验。由拖车拖动立管产生相对来流,根据应变测试得到的应变数据,基于模态叠加法得到位移响应。试验分析前,通过数值方法先针对刚性立管的涡激振动响应轨迹特性进行了分析。紧接着,通过试验方法对柔性立管的单模态以及多模态涡激振动响应轨迹特性进行了深入的分析和讨论。通过分析发现:柔性立管在低速下具有与刚性立管类似的轨迹响应特性,均呈现经典的8字形状;柔性立管在高速下,其轨迹开始变得混乱,这主要是由位移的多模态响应特性所产生。     

潮段平均流速计算方法研究

在海岸、河口、海湾等地区,潮流是最基本海水运动和主要的水动力因素之一,受海底地形、岸线和岛屿的影响,潮流运动基本呈现为往复运动,即涨潮流速和落潮流速方向相反,相差180°左右。描述往复运动潮流动力强弱的重要指标之一是潮段平均流速和潮平均流速。结合实际海区的实测潮过程,文中对潮段平均流速的3种计算方法和对水文全潮的潮平均流速的3种计算方法进行了对比研究。研究结果表明,不同的计算方法其结果存在着误差,建议潮段平均流速采用积分平均方法,潮平均流速计算采用加权平均法。     

深水爆炸水动压力场对潜体结构的动态影响

拓广ＤＡＡ法用于预报水中一次冲击波对悬浮体的动响应；引和当量能量与当量深度概念，计算了有自由水面的水下爆炸迁移气泡多次脉冲动力学特性，数值计算值与实测值作了对比，并给给出了水中存在圆柱壳时气泡脉动压力的经验公式。     

Three-dimensional equivalent static analysis for design of submerged floating tunnel

Stress evaluation of a submerged floating tunnel (SFT) is an issue important for determining the section dimensions required to resist environmental loads. However, the complex interaction between an SFT and surrounding fluid has confined most research on SFTs to longitudinal global time-history analyses based on Morison's equation [1]. Even though these analyses give sufficient information in the longitudinal direction, too little information about the circumferential direction compels an SFT section to be designed conservatively. This means that SFT design requires additional information on the structural behavior of the tunnel in the circumferential direction for efficient design. Accordingly, a supplementary approach by which to obtain structural responses in the circumferential direction is introduced in this paper. Upon consideration of the static responses equivalent to the dynamic behavior, three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element analyses of an SFT were performed by application of static loads corresponding to dynamic loads equivalent to those of wave, current and earthquake. The validation of each equivalent static load was supported by the results from comparison of the tension forces in mooring lines obtained using OrcaFlex [2] and ABAQUS [3]. These were used mainly for longitudinal dynamic analysis and 3-D stress evaluation, respectively, of an SFT. Based on the stresses obtained in the longitudinal and circumferential directions, the selection of suitable section dimensions for an SFT is considered.     

带有挡板的注液舱室地震响应分析（英文）

In thispaper, the effects of a rigid baffle on the seismic response of liquid in a rigid cylindrical tank are evaluated. A baffle is an annular plate which supplies a kind of passive control on the effects of ground excitation. The contained liquid is assumed incompressible, inviscid and has irrotational motion. To estimate the seismic response, the method of superposition of modes has been applied. To analyze the rigid tank response, Laplace's equation is considered as the governing equation of the fluid domain, in both time and frequency domains. The boundary element method(BEM) is employed to evaluate the natural modes of liquid in a cylindrical tank. To gain this goal, the fluid domain is divided into two upper and lower parts partitioned by the baffle. Linearized kinematic and dynamic boundary conditions of the free surface of the contained liquid have been considered.     

两体点式波能装置参数分析（英文）

In this paper, we present a comprehensive numerical simulation of a point wave absorber in deep water. Analyses are performed in both the frequency and time domains. The converter is a two-body floating-point absorber(FPA) with one degree of freedom in the heave direction. Its two parts are connected by a linear mass-spring-damper system. The commercial ANSYS-AQWA software used in this study performs well in considering validations. The velocity potential is obtained by assuming incompressible and irrotational flow. As such, we investigated the effects of wave characteristics on energy conversion and device efficiency, including wave height and wave period, as well as the device diameter, draft, geometry, and damping coefficient. To validate the model, we compared our numerical results with those from similar experiments. Our study results can clearly help to maximize the converter's efficiency when considering specific conditions.     

Parametric study of two-body floating-point wave absorber

In this paper, we present a comprehensive numerical simulation of a point wave absorber in deep water. Analyses are performed in both the frequency and time domains. The converter is a two-body floating-point absorber (FPA) with one degree of freedom in the heave direction. Its two parts are connected by a linear mass-spring-damper system. The commercial ANSYS-AQWA software used in this study performs well in considering validations. The velocity potential is obtained by assuming incompressible and irrotational flow. As such, we investigated the effects of wave characteristics on energy conversion and device efficiency, including wave height and wave period, as well as the device diameter, draft, geometry, and damping coefficient. To validate the model, we compared our numerical results with those from similar experiments. Our study results can clearly help to maximize the converter’s efficiency when considering specific conditions.     

Seismic response of liquid-filled tank with baffles

In thispaper, the effects of a rigid baffle on the seismic response of liquid in a rigid cylindrical tank are evaluated. A baffle is an annular plate which supplies a kind of passive control on the effects of ground excitation. The contained liquid is assumed incompressible, inviscid and has irrotational motion. To estimate the seismic response, the method of superposition of modes has been applied. To analyze the rigid tank response, Laplace＆#39;s equation is considered as the governing equation of the fluid domain, in both time and frequency domains. The boundary element method （BEM） is employed to evaluate the natural modes of liquid in a cylindrical tank. To gain this goal, the fluid domain is divided into two upper and lower parts partitioned by the baffle. Linearized kinematic and dynamic boundary conditions of the free surface of the contained liquid have been considered.     

大气折射对电波传播的影响

电磁波在不均匀大气中传播时会产生折射,导致其传播方向和传播速度发生变化。等效地球半径法被广泛应用于大气中电波传播的计算问题。文章介绍了等效地球半径的两种定义,讨论了两种定义的区别和联系及其应用局限,分析了电磁波在等效地球和真实地球上传播参数之间的关系及计算。