大型液化气船振动计算分析

船舶振动直接影响船体结构安全性和船员居住的舒适性,如何通过设计方案的改进降低实船振动响应,是一个急需解决的问题。应用有限元法,对某17万m3系列液化气(LNG)船总振动、上层建筑和机舱棚局部振动进行分析,并依据ISO 6954-1984/2000振动标准对该船的强迫振动进行详细评估。评估结果表明,大型LNG船在自主开发设计过程中,在保证设计质量的前提下,可通过改进设计方案来降低实船振动响应的烈度。     

集装箱船振动及响应分析

介绍了模态频率响应有限元计算方法的基本理论,以多用途集装箱船为目标船,通过建立全船三维有限元模型,用频率响应法得到船体结构的振动响应.文中还讨论了激励与响应关系、水动质量、阻尼、频率响应计算有效频率数选取等问题,以精确预报船体结构振动及响应.本文采用的分析计算方法对目标船结构振动及响应预报值,与实船试验数据具有很好的一致性.     

40000dwt散货船设计阶段船体振动分析控制

在40 000 dwt灵便型散货船设计建造过程中,为了控制船体出现的有害振动,对船体总体振动、上层建筑总体振动及船体艉部局部结构进行了振动预报分析.对船体总体振动和上层建筑总体振动进行分析,避免与主机和螺旋桨激励发生共振;对于船舶艉部结构,重点关注上层建筑各层甲板工作和生活等重要区域的振动情况,采用结构有限元法分析各层甲板的振动特性,设计时通过调整局部结构刚度并保证一定频率储备来避免共振,为船体结构减振设计提供依据.本文给出了设计阶段船舶总体、上层建筑总体及局部结构振动计算分析方法和过程,可对船舶设计者提供有益的参考.     

大型集装箱船上层建筑整体振动的分析方法

大型集装箱船上层建筑尺度向更高更短结构形式发展的同时,其固有振动频率的降低容易与螺旋桨、主机及外界的激振力产生共振,从而对船员的工作、生活环境及船体结构安全造成影响。如何分析该型船舶上层建筑的整体振动已成为船体振动研究的重要内容。以某9200TEU船为例,针对影响上层建筑整体振动的装载工况、结构范围、附连水质量及计算网格进行研讨,建立了若干有限元计算模型,推演多个模型结合设定工况的纵向、横向和扭转振动频率,进行大量的模拟计算,取得了分析上层建筑整体振动的可信依据。分析计算成果可供同类船舶在设计论证中参考。     

内河电力推进船功能区振动响应分析

船舶总是会因其动力源、推进器、波浪以及其他外部激励的作用而产生振动,甚至有害振动。文章通过有限元方法对某电力推进内河船不同功能区结构进行螺旋桨和主机激励作用下的振动响应计算,对比螺旋桨和主机激励作用下不同功能区的振动响应,并判断振动产生的速度及加速度幅值是否符合CCS相关规定的要求。结果表明,在螺旋桨激励作用下,不同功能区振动响应远大于主机激励作用下的振动响应,电力推进装置所产生激振力对电力推进船舶的振动几乎没有影响。由此,对电力推进系统助推的船舶振动计算分析及该类船的设计提供一定的参考。     

Coarse mesh finite element model for cruise ship global and local vibration analysis

This paper presents a practical procedure for creating finite element (FE) model for vibration analysis of cruise ships. The most preferable FE modelling approaches are studied and discussed through case studies of common ship structures, which cover the range from low to high frequencies. The application of homogenized equivalent single layer (ESL) theory based equivalent element for stiffened panel is extended to local forced vibration analysis, where inertia induced interaction between plate and stiffener occurs. Modal method is used with an energy-based correction for accounting the plate-stiffener interaction into modal properties. Case study results reveal that mesh density of one 4-node element per web frame spacing is suitable for global FE-model when vibration analysis is limited to global hull girder modes. For such modes it is sufficient to only include the membrane stiffness of stiffened panels. For investigating the response at higher frequencies, bending properties of stiffened panel should be included and mesh density should be at least two elements per web frame spacing. Then forced vibration analysis can be performed with an excellent accuracy up to frequencies about one third of the local plate natural frequencies between the stiffeners. Beyond that, the influence of the local plate vibration becomes more significant in panel vibration, making the ESL-theory based element limited. With the applied correction method, the validity of the ESL-model can be extended to approximately two thirds of the local plate natural frequency.     

小水线面双体船船体结构问题探讨

本文论述了"小水线面油田交通船"的全船结构有限元分析和船体结构强度评估,并在此基础上探讨该船型的一些特殊结构问题,包括:船舶的整体刚度控制、应力集中、温度应力以及船舶振动预防等.     

船体振动响应预报

利用有限元技术对船体总振动、上层建筑整体和各层甲板局部自由振动频率及上层建筑振动响应进行了预报。介绍了用于振动计算的单层甲板模型、尾部上层建筑模型、全船模型和简化全船模型及应用实例。研究了上层建筑和船体之间的耦合影响，并根据具体算例对各种模型化方法的效果进行了评价。     

舰船结构气幕减振的模型试验研究

本文介绍和讨论了舰船结构气幕减振的模型试验研究。试验模型为铝质，平底，尖首，方尾、开口薄壁型船模，试验在循环水槽中进行，通过2种吃水，2种喷气孔径，6种喷气流量，2种水流速度的选择组合，研究气幕对船模自由振动，强迫振动和振动阻尼的影响，通过对试验结果的分析整理，得到了一些重要的结论，试验表明，气幕对舰船结构的强迫振动响应有较大的抑制作用，有明显的降噪效果；气幕减振有重要的应用前景。     

船舶结构气幕减振的模型试验研究

对船舶结构气幕减振的模型试验研究作了介绍和讨论。试验模型为铝质,平底,尖首,方尾,开口薄壁型船模,试验在循环水槽中进行,通过2种吃水,2种喷气孔径,5种喷气流量,2种水流速度的选择组合,研究了气幕对船模自由振动,强迫振动和振动阻尼的影响,试验结果表明,气幕对船舶结构的强迫振动响应有较大的抑制作用,有明显的降噪效果,气幕减振有重要的应用前景。     

应用空间有限元模型进行船舶总振动特性的研究

本文以17500吨货船“海建”号为实例研究应用空间有限元模型计算船舶总振动的方法。对于实际船舶结构中的板,提出用平面应力元简化,以减少计算自由度数,由此产生的问题采用节点主从关系的方法解决。在编制的计算程序中,根据质量矩阵高度稀疏的特点,采用了稀疏存储技术,从而使船舶整体空间模型的振动分析能在国产中小型机器上实现。实例计算结果和测量结果的比较表明,这种计算模型合理、可靠。本文还对船舶总振动计算的梁模型、平面有限元模型、空间有限元模型作了比较和讨论。     

小水线面双体船船体总振动固有频率预报研究

小水线面双体船是近代发展的一种新船型,不同于常规船型的单体船,其总振动模态计算非常特殊。应用有限元法进行小水线面双体船船体总振动的计算分析,结果表明该船总振动特性满足船体振动储备要求,可以认为该船的振动性能良好。     

On the global ship hull bending energy in ship collisions

During ship collisions part of the kinetic energy of the involved vessels immediately prior to contact is absorbed as energy dissipated by crushing of the hull structures, by friction and by elastic energy. The purpose of this report is to present an estimate of the elastic energy that can be stored in elastic hull vibrations during a ship collision.When a ship side is strengthened in order to improve the crashworthiness it has been argued in the scientific literature that a non-trivial part of the energy released for structural deformation during the collision can be absorbed as elastic energy in global ship hull vibrations, such that with strong ship sides less energy has to be spent in crushing of the striking ship bow and/or the struck ship side.In normal ship–ship collision analyses both the striking and struck ship are usually considered as rigid bodies where structural crushing is confined to the impact location and where local and global bending vibration modes are neglected. That is, the structural deformation problem is considered quasi-static. In this paper a simple uniform free–free beam model is presented for estimating the energy transported into the global bending vibrations of the struck ship hull during ship–ship collisions. The striking ship is still considered as a rigid body. The local interaction between the two ships is modeled by a linear load–deflection relation.The analysis results for a simplified model of a struck coaster and of a large tanker show that the elastic energy absorbed by the struck ship normally is small and varies from 1 to 6% of the energy released for crushing. The energy stored as elastic global hull girder vibrations depends on the ship mass, the local stiffness of the side structure, and of the position of contact. The results also show that in case of highly strengthened ship sides the maximum global bending strains during collisions can lead to hull failure.     

基于有限元方法的船舶主推进器区域结构强度分析

随着国内运输船日趋大型化、高速化,大型双桨双舵船舶的应用越来越广泛。本文分析双桨双舵船舶的特点,提出适合国内建造大型双桨双舵船舶主推进区域结构强度分析方法。在推进器不同推进角度和推进速度情况下,推进器所受的力进行有限元分析,对推进器区域船体外板、各层平台及肋骨等强力构件的受力进行研究,并与船级社规范对比研究,保证船体的基本构件稳定性和刚度上的要求从而为我国大型双桨双舵船舶的建造提供一些可行性的思路。     

长江电力推进游轮减振设计研究

针对长江首艘电力推进船舶船型、总体布局及舵桨装置等相对常规船型的巨大变化,有必要在本艘游轮设计研发时,结合电推船舶的特点,对船舶进行减振降噪的分析,包括全船模态分析、动力设备的振动隔离方案以及局部结构的振动计算,以期最大限度的降低船舶噪声和振动,提高旅客和船员舒适程度。     

Dynamic response of a surface ship structure subjected to an underwater explosion bubble

Bubble load in a noncontact underwater explosion can cause the ship hull global response and local response. In current literature, the ship hull is usually simplified as a hull girder to analyze its global response. However, literature dealt with the local response of a 3-D surface ship hull subjected to an underwater bubble were limited. This investigation develops a procedure which couples the finite element method with doubly asymptotic approximation (DAA) method to study the problem of transient responses of a ship hull structure subjected to an underwater explosion bubble. Using a 3-D ship model as examples, the global and local responses of the ship model in vertical, transverse and longitudinal directions are performed in detail. The acceleration, velocity and displacement time histories are presented. The characteristics of both the global and local responses of the ship model are discussed. The numerical results show that besides global whipping response, the ship hull also sustains severe local responses in different directions subjected to underwater explosion bubble jetting, which should be taken into consideration.     

螺旋桨激振力作用下船体振动及水下辐射噪声研究

利用有限元法和边界元方法分析比较了螺旋桨激振力三个方向分力(轴向、横向、垂向)分别作用以及同时作用时引起的船体结构振动与水下辐射噪声。结果表明,船体结构在螺旋桨激振力作用下在轴频、叶频、一倍叶频、二倍叶频以及船体固有频率处振动响应出现线谱;横向螺旋桨激振力引起的船体水下辐射噪声最大,垂向力其次,最小是轴向力;三个方向激振力同时作用时船体最大辐射声功率出现在叶频处,主要由横向力引起,其次是轴频处,主要由轴向力引起。分析其原因主要是横向激振力在叶频时最大,而且与船体固有频率接近,产生共振,轴向力在轴频处次之。     

5000HP油田供应守护船振动问题分析和治理

介绍了5000HP油田供应守护船振动问题的分析和处理的实例。通过实船振动测试、结构固有频率计算,结合尾部螺旋桨脉动压力大小,逐步分析并查找出引起局部振动的主要原因,最后对船体结构上进行了有效的加强,在后续船的测试中获得了明显的减振效果。     

大型船舶推进轴系与船体变形耦合响应分析

船舶大型化使得船体变形对推进轴系的影响越来越突出。在研究大型集装箱船的基础上,采用有限元法探讨了大型集装箱船全船结构有限元模型和推进轴系的建模方法,波浪载荷计算方法以及轴系振动响应分析技术。以一艘8530TEU集装箱船为研究对象,实现了全船有限元分析全过程,对不同工况下推进轴系轴承支撑点处的船体变形进行了计算分析与讨论。采用ANSYS软件建立轴系有限元模型,施加不同的船体变形激励对轴系振动响应进行了分析。研究结果对轴系减振及避振措施具有一定的参考意义。     

高速船尾部喷水推进局部振动分析

针对高速船尾部采用喷水推进装置的局部振动问题,建立了船体尾部包含喷水推进泵的有限元模型。考虑附连水质量的影响,将船体尾部离散成甲板,底板,喷水推进泵,尾板等局部结构,采用规范经验公式估算以及有限元分析的方法分别对各局部结构的板、板格、板架进行固有频率计算,将其结果与轴频和叶频激励频率进行储备频率校核,判断尾部采用喷水推进装置在振动问题上是否满足规范标准,并为下一步的船体设计提供参考。