发达国家海事管理的特点

一、企业化政府的管理模式企业化政府,是指公共管理部门以新的方式运用手上掌握的各种资源创造更大的效率和效能。这一点就像企业家运用各种手段创造最大限度的生产率和实效。它代表了欧洲、美国出现的政府管理的新潮流。北欧各国的海事管理政策和实践都渗透了这样的管理理念。     

浅析我国海上搜救管理的体制创新

现阶段,我国海上搜救的立法不足,人员的多区域配合程度需要提升.文章通过对目前中国海上搜救管理体制情况进行分析研究,在基于目前我国现阶段对海上搜救的新需求基础上,借鉴其他国家的先进经验进行本土化结合,采用合作治理的方式以期探索海上搜救管理在体制上的路径创新,能够针对性地找寻出当下海上搜救面临问题的解决方法.     

浅谈VTS在我国海事管理中的地位和作用

文中参照国际海事组织对VTS的定义,结合中国VTS现状,对其在海事监管和服务中的地位、作用等进行研究和探讨,并对如何进一步加强VTS运行管理及今后的发展提出了建议。     

Economic and commercial considerations affecting the maritime transportation of tropical produce

This paper discusses the pattern of sea transport and loading in the ECAP and ESCAP areas, particularly the bulk trades in such commodities as sawn hardwood, plywood and rubber. The effects of port development and organization are examined, especially the difficulties of instituting bulk services and containerization in an area with a fragmented pattern of trade.     

浅析我国大豆进口贸易中海运权的重要性

文章针对我国大豆进口贸易中海运权的重要性进行了初步研究,分析了我国大豆进口及大豆进口贸易海运权控制的现状;阐述了海运控制权对我国大豆进口贸易的影响,总结了国外大豆出口商控制海运权的方法。     

云平台下的海上军事一体化管理系统研究

现代海事战争归根到底是信息的战争,将云平台应用到现代海上军事一体化管理系统中,能够有效保证系统的计算效率、实时性,能够实现不同用户的资源共享。本文建立基于基础资源层、通信传输层、应用服务层和海上应用层的海上军事一体化管理体系,并设计系统功能,针对系统功能阐述系统服务运行机制,为更好信息作战提供强有力的理论基础。     

基于GIS的水上搜救研究

GIS通过对空间信息进行存储、描述、分析、输出,能够在海上搜救中为搜救工作提供技术辅助,在提高水上搜救效率层面引入了新的研究方向,可以为建设准确、快速、经济的搜救体系提供助力,有助于提升海上搜救成效,增强水上安全稳定性,筑牢海上安全防线.     

世界海事管理发展趋势及特征

<正>海事管理的最终目的是保护海上人命、财产安全,保护海洋环境。尽管世界各国在海事管理上形式各异、组织机构不同,但是一般都依照相关的国际公约和法规结合本国实际制定相关的国内法律来进行水上交通安全管理。随着航运业的全球化趋势和区域经济的一体化,各国及不同地区的海事管理模式也正趋向于一体化。     

The impact of port and trade security initiatives on maritime supply-chain management

The fundamental objective of the Container Security Initiative (CSI) is to engage both so-called 'mega-ports' (ports sending the highest volume of ocean going container traffic into the US) and the national governments where these ports are located in a way that will facilitate the pre-screening of outbound containers destined to the US. The emerging issue of security as a key factor in global supply chains can be perceived as inconsistent with the objective of facilitating international trade (Dulbecco and Laporte, 2003). However, this perception does not stand up to analysis. Security is an evident part of the mainstream supply-chain paradigm while security can also become a driver for trade facilitation. The purpose of this paper is therefore to discuss the impact of the US CSI on maritime supply chains. The first section will mostly be related to the issue of security and supply chains while the second section will investigate CSI and its impact while exploring some of the financing implications of the security initiative.     

我国航标业务综合信息管理平台研究

航标发展至今已有几千年的历史,从"自然航标"到"人工航标",发展到现在的无线电航标、虚拟航标等数字化航标,到未来构建综合航海保障体系,航标除了保障航运安全外,在促进经济发展、维护国家主权等方面也发挥着重要的作用。     

修造船舶试航工作的海事管理立法思考

文中在分析修造船舶试航管理工作现状的基础上,对修造船舶试航海事管理立法工作所涉及的因素,利用系统工程理论进行了分析,从人、船、环境、管理四个方面提出建议,为修造船舶试航的立法工作提供有益参考。     

The role of geomatics engineering in establishing the marine information system for maritime management

Maritime management encompasses the employment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources and natural resources that relate to the sea, maritime navigation, shipping, port development and coastal protection. It contributes to the economic growth, price stability, transportation of cargoes and passengers, and business activities of shipping organizations. The efficient management of resources, operations and activities relies on a modern marine information system (MIS) whose information is provided by geomatics engineers and IT professionals, among others. This paper first introduces the role of the geomatics engineer as geodesist, engineering surveyor, land boundary surveyor, cartographer, hydrographer, photogrammetrist and geographic information system (GIS) engineer since all these fields are related to maritime trade, supply chains and development of ports and airports. It then describes the principal components of a web-based MIS and the important role of geomatics engineers in surveying data. This includes collecting data from electronic nautical charts (ENC) and raster nautical charts (RNC), by applying high resolution light detection and ranging (LIDAR), satellite platform sensors and GIS.     

The role of geomatics engineering in establishing the marine information system for maritime management

Maritime management encompasses the employment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources and natural resources that relate to the sea, maritime navigation, shipping, port development and coastal protection. It contributes to the economic growth, price stability, transportation of cargoes and passengers, and business activities of shipping organizations. The efficient management of resources, operations and activities relies on a modern marine information system (MIS) whose information is provided by geomatics engineers and IT professionals, among others. This paper first introduces the role of the geomatics engineer as geodesist, engineering surveyor, land boundary surveyor, cartographer, hydrographer, photogrammetrist and geographic information system (GIS) engineer since all these fields are related to maritime trade, supply chains and development of ports and airports. It then describes the principal components of a web-based MIS and the important role of geomatics engineers in surveying data. This includes collecting data from electronic nautical charts (ENC) and raster nautical charts (RNC), by applying high resolution light detection and ranging (LIDAR), satellite platform sensors and GIS.     

加强VTS和AIS在海事管理中的应用

介绍VTS（船舶交通服务系统）和AIS（船舶自动识别系统）的功能及其在海事管理中的具体应用,根据两者在实践中的应用现状提出建议：（1）建设符合国际标准的操作员队伍;（2）制定我国VTS服务等级;（3）加强船员及VTS值班员的相关培训;（4）加强AIS在VTS中的应用及联系。     

我国《海商法》下告知情况的重要性标准及诱因原则

针对Pan Atlantic Insurance Co.Ltd.v.Pine Top Insurance Co.Ltd.一案存在的焦点,讨论英国海上保险法和我国海商法下有关告知的法律规定。     

对比中英两国海上搜救管理

海上搜寻救助作为海上人命安全的重要工作之一,受到各级政府的高度重视。为进一步提高我国水上应急救援水平,减少水上人命、财产损失和环境损害,更好地履行国际海上搜救义务,交通部海事局组成第一期赴英国海上搜救管理培训团,于2006年9月8日赴英进行了为期3周的海上搜救管理培训。通过培训考察,对比两国海上搜救管理工作,更好地提高我国海上搜救水平。     

基于VTS的海事信息发布系统

此文论述了建立海事信息发布系统的必要性,并结合海上交通的发展,特别是VTS的使用, 提出了海事信息发布系统的总体结构和实现方式。实际应用表明,该系统能满足海事信息化、政务化和商务化的要求。     

The growth of fleets registered in the newly-emerging maritime countries and maritime crises

This paper suggests the existence of a feedback relationship between the dynamic entrance of less-developed countries in shipping and the prolongation and deepening of maritime crises. The duration and extent of the transitional period of crisis depends also on the specific terms of the 'succession' procedure between fleets with different cost levels. During the last major maritime crisis, nations at a less advanced stage of development entered the maritime industry producing a service that had become—more or less—'standardized', following the Vernon product cycle more than all other cycles. The distribution of world tonnage among the different groups of countries underwent major changes as the effects of the economic crisis after 1973, which coincided with developments in the supply of tonnage, created favourable conditions for the rise of the lower cost fleets of developing countries, in a feedback relationship. The restoration of freight levels during the late 80s and early 90s, which was accompanied by a certain stabilization in the various groups of countries' shares in the world fleet, corroborates from the opposite direction the hypothesis of a close interrelationship between maritime crisis and changes in the international hierarchy in shipping.     

海事指挥中心与VTS中心的职能定位与运行管理

结合南通海事局实际,阐述海事指挥中心运行模式、存在问题及需要重新定位的原因,分析指挥中心、VTS中心重新定位后的职能以及可能出现的问题,提出相应对策：推行海事管理体系,以体系规范监管;加强业务培训,提升人员素质;推行绩效考核制度;跟踪落实,实行闭环管理;推行事故后评估制度;推行责任追究制度;加快信息化建设;落实轮休假制度。     

完善海事费收信息系统管理的设想

一、完善制度建设、规范管理 制度是管理的基础和规则，逐步建立和完善海事费收信息系统管理制度是海事费收信息系统得以良好运行的根本保证。由于海事费收信息系统运用时间不长，大多数单位把主要精力放在软件的使用上，管理制度建设未能跟上费收实行信息化后管理方式变化的需要，因此当前亟待根据规费征收实行信息化的特点，加快制度建设进程，进一步完善制度体系，切实树立“以制度引导人，以制度约束人”的管理理念。