摩托车后轮液压盘式制动系统的开发（1）

液压盘式制动系统因技术先进、稳定性好、无自锁现象及维修方便等优点，在国外已被广泛应用于摩托车前、后轮制动器上，而我国则仅限于前轮制动器的使用，后轮制动器多使用技术相对简单的鼓式制动器。为提高我国摩托车的技术含量，摩托车后轮液压盘式制动器的研究非常必要，同时也是为摩托车制动系统向更高技术含量的防抱死制劝系统发展做好技术储备。     

摩托车盘式制动器制动泵综合性能试验台简介

制动性能是摩托车主要性能之一,是安全行驶的重要保障。制动泵作为摩托车制动系统的重要组成部分,性能的好坏直接影响摩托车的制动效果,因而必需对制动泵的性能进行检测。受企业之托,笔者以液压盘式制动器制动泵为研究对象,对制动泵的性能和检测技术进行了研究,研制出了适合于制动泵的综合性能检测设备。     

摩托车盘式制动器技术要求与台架试验

摩托车盘式制动器存在着基本性能要求，对国产摩托车盘式制动器与进口同类产品在制动性能、热衰退性、热恢复性、磨合性等性能上进行了台架对比试验，从而验证了摩托车盘式制动器国产化的技术水平。     

钳盘式液压制动器总成

一、概述制动是用来考核摩托车性能的一个重要因素,也是衡量骑乘摩托车是否舒适安全的一个重要标志。因此采用何种制动对摩托车来讲至关重要。按惯例一般采用鼓式制动器,这种制动器结构简单,成本低;主制动蹄有助力作用,用一点力就可以发出很大的制动力;不易发生水衰退,耐磨、耐泥沙性能好。但在频繁多次制动时,制动力很快衰减且制动力大小极不稳定,控制性能差,热恢复性不好。     

浅谈鼓式制动器蹄块磨损量的计算和制动性能的改善

对于部分鼓式制动器布置方式为减效模式的摩托车而言,通过变更为增效模式来改进制动性能是安全和有效的,因为大部分摩托车的后鼓式制动器均为增效模式布置方式,两者在原理上是完全相同的,不会产生因制动力分配不均而导致轮辋轴承异常磨损等隐患。对于制动器已经按增效模式布置的摩托车而言,是否可以使用非对称凸轮或偏心凸轮来进一步改进制动性能呢,答案是肯定的,但也会带来其他隐患,其应用还需进一步研究。     

重型汽车用盘式制动器的结构性能分析

介绍了四种常见的盘式制动器的结构及其特点，从制动减速度、制动时制动器起作用的时间、制动器的效能与摩擦系数的关系及迟滞量等方面对盘式制动器与鼓式制器进行对比、分析，说明盘式制动器在制动效能、制劝效能的稳定性以及制动时汽车的方向稳定性上比鼓式制动器具有明显的优势，理论和试验表明盘式制动器与ＡＢＳ、ＡＳＲ、ＥＢＳ等系统匹配时可简化系统结构、优化系统结构，并地重型汽车装用盘式制动器带来的制动系统的相关关系     

某轻型载货汽车制动性能分析与改进设计

将某轻型载货汽车制动系统中前制动器改为盘式制动器,对采用不同配置制动系统的整车进行路试制动性能试验,结果表明制动性能得到很大改善.在该制动系统中加装制动力自动调节装置来调整前、后轮制动器的输入压力,并对改进设计后的整车制动性能进行实车道路试验.结果表明,该轻型货车制动力分配更加合理,制动性能明显提高,制动稳定性和安全性得到改善.     

摩托车制动器的检修与保养

摩托车制动器是保证摩托车安全行驶的重要机构,必须注意经常检查和维护。制动器的保养工作主要是前后制动器应要求有合适的制动器自由行程。这是因为目前绝大多数的摩托车都使用鼓式制动装置,这种装置在通过一段时间的使用后,钢丝绳会逐渐变长,制动蹄片也会受到磨损,因此要调整     

摩托车制动系统力学性能研究

本文通过对摩托车在制动过程中所受力的不同,系统地研究和分析了摩托车制动器制动力、地面制动力及附着力之间的关系,从而进一步分析了摩托车在不同附着系数路面上的前后轮制动器制动力理想分配曲线,从理论上分析了摩托车制动减速度、制动距离等。     

前轮鼓式制动器分析研究与设计计算(1)

通过对设计定型阶段复制的样件进行全性能测试、制动测试、破坏性测试、耐久性测试、相关件的强度试验和分析后证明,采用增加制动器制动力矩的技术方案,完全能达到GB 20073—2006标准中对摩托车和轻便摩托车制动性能及试验方法的要求。     

电磁制动与摩擦制动集成系统测试台架设计及试验研究

根据电磁制动与摩擦制动集成系统的工作原理,设计了一种电磁制动与摩擦制动集成系统测试台架.为检验该测试台架的性能.以某型轿车为对象.选择电磁制动器的磁极与制动盘间间隙、线圈匝数和磁极中心到制动盘中心距离为因素.进行3因素3水平正交试验.试验结果表明,采用所设计的测试台架对不同车型进行试验,可得到电磁制动与摩擦制动集成系统的最佳结构参数和安装参数.     

Design of a hydraulic anti-lock braking modulator and an intelligent brake pressure controller for a light motorcycle

The object of this paper is to design a new hydraulic modulator and an intelligent sliding mode pulse width modulation (PWM) brake pressure controller for an anti-lock braking system, for application to light motorcycles. The paper presents a design principle and a mathematical analysis of the hydraulic anti-lock braking modulator. The intelligent sliding mode PWM brake pressure controller based on vehicle acceleration is designed and tested. A three-phase pavement experiment and a rear brake influence test are undertaken to verify the performance of the controller and the modulator. A light motorcycle is built for the real vehicle anti-lock braking experiments. The experimental results show that both the intelligent controller and the hydraulic modulator designed in the study perform well in the anti-lock braking operation.     

某型轿车盘式制动器制动噪声的控制

对某型轿车盘式制动器进行了台架试验,发现该制动器主要制动噪声频率在3kHz附近。采用有限元FEA分析手段对制动盘、制动钳壳体、制动钳支架和摩擦片进行了振动特性分析。结果表明,制动钳支架的7阶振动模态是导致制动噪声产生的原因之一。对制动钳支架结构设计进行了改进,并对装有改进后制动钳支架的盘式制动器进行了台架试验。结果表明,制动器冷态制动噪声从100.5 dB下降为73.4 dB,达到了该车型对制动器噪声的限值要求。     

Fault detection and diagnosis of the electromechanical brake based on observer and parity space

In the future, the conventional hydraulic brake system in automobiles will be removed and replaced by an electrically operated brake system called brake-by-wire. The brake-by-wire units, such as the EMB (Electro-Mechanical Brake), provide better braking performance by directly controlling the brake motor and are environmentally friendly because they do not use hydraulic fluid. For implementation of the EMB systems, reliable and robust fault detection and diagnosis methods become increasingly important. In this study, a sensor fault diagnosis method is proposed with parity space and observer approaches to detect faults in the motor current sensor, speed (or position) sensor and clamping force sensor. The proposed method is verified through a closed-loop simulation using Matlab/Simulink, and the simulation result is compared with the HILS bench test results.     

两轮摩托车制动性能问题分析

尽管摩托车制动性能标准GB20073--2006已实施3年多了,但还有相当一部分摩托车的制动性能达不到标准要求,特别是采用鼓式制功器的摩托车。目前,鼓式制动器摩托车占总量的70％以上,制动性能是摩托车行驶安全性的最重要指标,涉及到骑乘者和行人的安全,应引起业内人士的高度重视。通过对两轮摩托车制动系统测试和分析,找出了摩托车制动性能不能满足标准要求的原因,并提出了解决方法。     

Development of an Anti-Lock Brake System for Motorcycle

An Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) system is developed for motorcycles using different control laws to improve the safety during emergent braking conditions. The mechanical design problem is first investigated so as to modify a scooter to be equipped with the proposed ABS brake system and to set up experimental test stand. For ABS control, the slip control, P1R3, and P2R4 methods are used to implement the controller using an Intel 80196KC single chip microcomputer. The hard-ware-in-the-loop (HITL) simulation is also performed in PC to check the performance in various road conditions including dry and wet roads. It is found experimentally that both P1R3 and P2R4 can both achieve ABS function, but P2R4 performs more desirably than P1R3 method.     

Development of an Anti-Lock Brake System for Motorcycle

SUMMARY

An Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) system is developed for motorcycles using different control laws to improve the safety during emergent braking conditions. The mechanical design problem is first investigated so as to modify a scooter to be equipped with the proposed ABS brake system and to set up experimental test stand. For ABS control, the slip control, P1R3, and P2R4 methods are used to implement the controller using an Intel 80196KC single chip microcomputer. The hard-ware-in-the-loop (HITL) simulation is also performed in PC to check the performance in various road conditions including dry and wet roads. It is found experimentally that both P1R3 and P2R4 can both achieve ABS function, but P2R4 performs more desirably than P1R3 method.     

驱动桥总成综合性能试验台加载方式设计

台架试验中车辆所承受载荷的模拟方法有3种情况：汽车承受的垂直载荷采用液压油缸通过杠杆沿载荷方向直接加载来模拟,对于变结构驱动桥垂向加载时施以当量载荷;车辆以最大牵引力行驶时用电流激励磁粉制动器加载模拟路面阻力矩;进行紧急制动时设计一飞轮,以其转动惯量模拟整车平动惯量。试验表明这些加载方式可以较准确地模拟车辆在实际道路上行驶时所承受的载荷,从而评价驱动桥的综合性能。     

Development of a semi-empirical program for predicting the braking performance of a passenger vehicle

Since the invention of automobiles, the need to know the braking performance of vehicles has been acknowledged. However, because there are numerous design variables as well as nonlinearities in the braking system, it is difficult to predict the performance accurately. In this paper, a computational program is developed to estimate the braking performance numerically. This synthetic braking performance program accounts for pedal force, pedal travel and deceleration of braking parts, such as master cylinder, booster, valve, brake pad, rotor, and hoses. To improve the accuracy of program, a semi-empirical model of a braking system is introduced by using the empirical test data of pad compression, hose expansion and the friction coefficient between the pad and rotor. The accuracy of the estimation is evaluated by comparing it to the actual vehicle test results. The developed program is easy for the brake system engineers to manipulate and it can be used in the development of new vehicles by incorporating the graphical presentations.     

发动机制动技术运用分析

当今汽车逐渐向大功率、高速度等方向发展,对汽车制动性能提出了越来越高的要求。为了减少交通事故,保证行车安全,有效利用发动机辅助制动技术显得尤为重要。本文通过分析发动机制动工作原理及其对汽车制动性能的影响,发动机缓速器和发动机排气辅助制动装置的结构特点、工作特性,提出了实施发动机制动的必要性和发动机制动技术运用要领。