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研制一套有效的成品油管道泄漏监测与定位系统,对于输油管道的安全运行及环境保护,减少企业经济损失具有重要的意义。根据现场实际工况,提出一种与SCADA系统相结合的成品油管道泄漏监测与定位系统方案,给出了系统的组成与工作原理。基于GPS授时与中断技术的异地同步采集保证了异地数据采集设备的精确同步。系统使用基于负压波的分段斜率法准确判断泄漏;采用小波变换精确检测负压波传到首末站的时间差,并给出了小波基函数的选取原则及定位方法。实际应用表明:系统报警响应时间短、误报率低、泄漏定位精度高。 相似文献
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液体管道负压波检漏技术的研究现状与发展趋势 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从数据采集方法、信号处理技术等多个方面总结了液体管道负压波检漏技术的研究现状,并指出了负压波检漏技术的几大发展趋势:进一步研究更有效的滤波技术以滤除管道压力信号中混杂的噪声;与其他方法结合使用以弥补负压波法对微小和缓慢泄漏不敏感的缺陷;进一步研究负压波检漏技术在带有弯头及支管的复杂管道中的应用;研发出能适用于各种不同管道系统的商业检漏软件;结合人工智能方法使负压波检漏技术向智能化发展. 相似文献
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某海底原油管道设置了负压波泄漏检测系统,但该系统误报漏报情况非常严重,无法实现有效的泄漏检测报警功能。根据负压波泄漏检测的基本原理,结合现场仪表的安装设置情况及管道的实际运行工况,具体分析了负压波泄漏检测系统失效的主要原因。根据现场情况,提出了采用次声波泄漏检测系统的解决方案,介绍了次声波泄漏检测系统的组成及技术参数。经过放油试验,证明该系统可以有效地实现泄漏的报警和定位。 相似文献
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液体管道泄漏负压波诊断方法的研究现状及发展趋势 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
在国内 ,负压波检漏技术被广泛用于液体管线泄漏的诊断。在应用过程中 ,假设条件和涉及到的不确定因素较多。由于涉及到的任何一个因素有误都可能导致不正确的结果 ,因而将该技术与泄漏诊断的其他技术结合起来进行综合研究 ,才能更准确地确定出泄漏的位置。负压波检漏技术具有三大发展趋势 :第一 ,与其他技术一同使用 ,从而更好地解决相关的定位问题 ;第二 ,强化对负压波检漏技术的研究 ,定性研究负压波传播模型可以更好地确定泄漏发生的时间 ;第三 ,对负压波检漏技术的研究从定性到定量 ,定量的分析结果可以用于推测管线泄漏量和泄漏位置。 相似文献
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针对燃气管道泄漏点传统定位方法中燃气管道泄漏点角度问题,提出了基于机器视觉的燃气管道泄漏点故障定位方法.首先,采集燃气管道两侧压力信号,检测燃气管道泄漏故障;另外,采用机器视觉系统,采集燃气管道图像,根据机器视觉显著性,缩小燃气管道泄漏点标记范围;最后,建立故障定位模型,定位燃气管道泄漏点位置.试验结果表明,在象限坐标... 相似文献
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Ingmar Andrasson 《先进运输杂志》1998,32(1):23-34
A survey of research and development in advanced transit has been made by Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg in cooperation with Trans21 in Boston. Summary findings are reported for fourteen academic research programs and ten development programs for PRT. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the International Conference of PRT and other Emerging Systems held in Minneapolis in 1996. 相似文献
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管道风险分析指数评分法中重要步骤之一就是确定影响管道事故因素的权重,各个管道风险因素在整个管道事故中所占的权重是不相同的。针对目前管道风险分析指数评分法基本假设之一(各因素的分值范围都是0~100分),为了更加客观、准确、合理地反映各个风险因素对于管道事故的影响程度,提出并论述了依据层次分析法的数学逻辑性进行综合计算得出管道风险因素的权重,然后对评分法中各个因素的最高分值,根据其权重不同进行相应调整,从而增强评价者对风险因素的认识和评判能力,提高管道风险评价结果的准确性。 相似文献
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The concept of accessibility has acquired numerous meanings along multiple dimensions during the century of its evolution. This essay argues for the salience of two dimensions: application-based and definition-based. In its application, accessibility has incorporated positive and normative dimensions which have varied in prominence over time. In its definition, accessibility has varied between a mode of evaluation incorporating measured mobility and proximity, on the one hand, and a predefined market basket of urbanist improvements to transportation and land use systems, on the other. Advocates of the accessibility shift should emphasize both the measured approach to accessibility and accessibility’s normative side. 相似文献
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Nicholas B. Taylor 《运输规划与技术》2018,41(1):37-57
ABSTRACTPredicting the risk of traffic demands and delays exceeding critical limits at road junctions, airports, hospitals, etc., requires knowing how both mean and variance of queue size vary over time. Microscopic simulation can explore variability but is computationally demanding and gives only sample results. A computationally efficient approximation to the mean is used in many modelling tools, but only empirical extensions for variance in particular situations have been available. The paper derives theoretical formulae for time-dependent and equilibrium variance, believed to be novel and to apply generally to queues covered by the Pollaczek–Khinchin mean formula, and offering possible structural insights. These are applied in an extended approximation giving mutually consistent mean and variance estimates with improved accuracy. Tests on oversaturated peak demand cases are compared with Markov probabilistic simulation, demonstrating accuracy (R2?>?0.99) for typical random, priority-like (M/M/1) and traffic-signal-like (M/D/1) queues. Implications for risk analysis, planning and policy are considered. 相似文献
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The big paradigm for cities nowadays is to study the movement of pedestrians at the interface between metro and bus systems – metro–bus interchanges. When these interchanges are not well designed, walking is inefficient and can be unsafe for pedestrians. This paper analyses, by means of a pedestrian microsimulation model, metro–bus interchange spaces in order to propose planning guidelines for the city of Santiago de Chile. Specific objectives are (1) to identify the variables that provide efficiency and safety in those spaces; (2) to simulate different scenarios using the pedestrian simulation model LEGION; (3) to propose planning and design guidelines for pedestrian spaces at metro–bus interchanges; and (4) to contrast the recommendations in the recently opened terminal station on Line 1 of Metro de Santiago: Los Dominicos Station. 相似文献
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在公路沥青混凝土路面配合比设计中,矿料配合比设计是一个重要环节。研究发现,通过使用计算机和Excel软件,在各种表格的单元格中设置相应计算公式、宏和绘图步骤,输入各种配合矿料的累计通过百分率后,通过简单的人机对话,完成各种矿料百分含量数据的输入和调整,自动生成各种图表;在质量监督中,通过现场检测混合矿料的级配,输入现场矿料、水泥混合累计通过百分率可自动判定其级配是否合格。 相似文献