运量增越南投巨资扩建港口

除了建头顿集装箱港口外，越南航运公司还将继续投资在越南北方广宁省港口城市海防廷武、胡志明市协福和巴地头顿省市威·盖门建新港口。越南航运公司将通过在国内外市场上发行债券以及同外国合作伙伴建立合资企业来筹措建设新港口的资金。[第一段]     

浅谈教育在港口跨越式发展中的应变

<正> 一、港口多元投资与企业教育的服务取向 当前,随着政府在建港中的角色淡出,境内外众多的企业纷至沓来,进入中国港口建设与经营业领域,使原先由政府单一投资建港体制向多元投融资体制方向转移,形成了多种经济成份共同参与的港口建设与经营竞争格局。 资金流、信息流,呼唤着人才流,竞争的同时也促进了员工     

对外投资——大型港口企业发展的战略选择

大型港口发展到一定规模后,港口企业进一步扩大规模会受到成本快速增大和环境条件的限制,边际效益必将出现递减。因此,港口企业应该在本行业内或相关行业寻找收益更高的投资领域,在保证自身优势的前提下,通过对外投资的方式,获得新的盈利空间,使港口企业的发展突破业务种类的限     

港口企业投融资问题研究

我国的港口企业正经历一个高速发展时期,高速发展带来的不仅仅是港口建设所需要的资金,也带来了国际国内逐利的资本,多元化的投资主体在高速发展中逐步形成,同时也意味着投资主体之间的转换和交易成为可能,港口整合已初现端倪并有进一步发展的趋势。一、港口企业投融资领域出现     

试论河北港口集团加强和改进企业新闻宣传工作

<正>河北港口集团是集港口建设、开发,国有资产运营、管理以及投融资功能于一身的综合性企业集团。是当今世界最大的干散货港口运输企业。拥有全资和控股、参股投资企业32家,业务涉及港口经营、港口物流、港机制造、港口建设、港口服务、港口地产、资本运营和资源开发等多个领域。     

我国多港口地区港口投资均衡状态分析

针对多港口地区的港口企业和港口城市两种投资主体,分别建立以利润最大化为目标和以经济发展为目标的港口投资博弈模型,分析港口城市投资行为对区域港口发展的影响。基于博弈理论证明在多港口地区,港口企业相互竞争投资港口时有唯一的纯Nash均衡解,港口城市相互竞争投资港口时Nash均衡解只存在于投资策略集合的边界上。数值分析结果表明:港口城市的港口投资规模远高于港口企业以利润为导向的投资规模,若港口城市的平均投资回报率上升,其投资港口的意愿降低,平均投资回报率下降会促使港口城市由不投资港口变为积极投资港口。     

我国港口的对外投资

港口企业对外投资根据对象不同可以分为两大类，一类是港口多元化投资，即向非港口行业投资，如港口企业投资到临港产业或投资到货源地从事加工制造业等；另一类是行业内的跨区域投资，即对其他港口进行投资。     

港口企业组织结构设计应考虑的要素

<正>随着中国港口行业的迅速发展,各类投资机构都通过投资新建、兼并等方式进入港口行业,他们对港口企业的管理机制不太熟悉,在组织结构设计中遇到很多问题。另外,很多国营的港口企业在面对市场的激烈竞争与挑战     

新加坡加强海外港口投资

新加坡加强海外港口投资新加坡港务局将设立一个负责国际投资的专门机构，以加强海外投资工作，着重发展中国大陆及香港、印度、印尼、越南、韩国和意大利的项目。新加坡港务局的第一个对外投资项目将是与大连港务局建立一个合资企业，将投资４０亿元人民币（初期为ｌ·３...     

福建鼓励民资投资港口码头

近日，福建省港航管理局透露，目前，福建港口码头已全部由企业投资建造。
　　国有资本是福建港口投资的主要力量，大型国有企业、省属重点企业逐步成为港口投资主体，约占福建港口投资主体的60%，其中大型临港工业项目配套码头投资比例大幅增加，占福建国有资本港口投资比例的50%。民营投资码头的比例约40%。     

Logistics connectivity considering import and export for Chinese inland regions in the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road by dry ports

This investigation studies the logistics connectivity of inland Chinese provinces along the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (MSR) from the perspective of the oriented cooperation relationship between seaports and dry ports in inland regions. The logistics connectivity is measured based on the import and export data. First, complex network theory is used to develop a system for evaluating logistics connectivity of inland regions, involving metrics of susceptible-infected-recovered, and improved closeness centrality proposed to drawing on the characteristics of the studied network based on closeness centrality. Second, based on collected data, 136 dry ports in China and 127 seaports along the MSR have been used to construct an empirical network that covers 15 inland provinces of China. Then, the accessibility and importance of inland provinces are analyzed, and key points that serve the improvement of the logistics connectivity of inland provinces are mined and summarized. An example of an improved scheme for the connectivity of inland provinces is presented to demonstrate the application of these key points. The conclusions drawn support decision-making for local governments to improve the logistics connectivity of inland regions in the international logistics network, and then strengthen the participation of inland provinces in the MSR.     

The role of dry port in hub-and-spoke network under Belt and Road Initiative

Dry port plays increasingly an important role in the integration of inland regions with seaports, and cross-border inland ports especially in the context of Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) originally proposed by China. This paper studies a logistics network connecting the inland regions by dry ports based on a two-stage logistical gravity model. First, a basic logistical gravity model is developed to analyze the radiated inland regions from dry ports, where the logistical quality of dry ports is calculated by principal component analysis. Second, considering mutual impacts among dry ports, seaports and cross-border inland ports, the influence of logistical gravity on the network is examined by using a coefficient based on the Ordered Weighted Averaging Operator in multi-attribute decision theory. An improved logistical gravity model is further developed to investigate the logistical connections among various ports (e.g. dry ports, seaports and cross-border inland ports; hub and feeder ports). Then, a hub-and-spoke network can be established. Dry ports are potential to connect to the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road. So a Chinese case is used to verify the proposed method. The strategies of embedding inland regions in the BRI are discussed based on the experimental studies.     

Dynamics of Russian dry ports

The transportation of cargos in containers has been intensively developing over the last decades. The world pace of growth in container transport is about 11% annually while in the Russian Federation from 2003 to 2007 the average growth was 21%. Container transportation is going to increase due to the construction of huge infrastructure projects for the Winter Olympics games in Sochi 2014, which implies the transportation of the required material flow. Foreign car assembly on Russian territory is developing, supplied by component parts delivered from Japan and the Republic of Korea, as well as from China that now bring 21.3% import container transport to Russia. About 60% of Russian container traffic passes through seaports Saint Petersburg, Novorossiysk and Vladivostok. The scenarios for increasing capacity to meet demands ahead are enhancing the productivity of seaports sites or leading to the creation of terminals in the hinterland. Although the phenomenon of dry ports is spread all over the world, in Russia none of the seaports has sufficient number of these facilities. The inland terminals of Russian seaports will be analysed from a dry port perspective. Despite the impediments, there are ecological and economical benefits that are discussed in the article. The advantages to the transport chain suggest that dry ports are a promising area for Russian seaports’ welfare.     

Comparative analysis of port competency requirements in Vietnam and Korea

ABSTRACT

Much research has been conducted recently on the changing role of ports in the context of international logistics and supply chain management focusing on issues such as port efficiency and competitiveness. However, little research has been found on the critical aspect that contributes to making a port efficient and effective, especially, in the new era: the port human capital. As seaports play a critical role in the supply chain, it is thus important that the port personnel possess necessary competencies to contribute to port efficiency and turn the port into an effective supply chain partner. In this paper, this research issue is explored through a conceptual model of competencies and validated empirically by a survey with port executives in Vietnam and Korea. As a result, important managerial insights are drawn to the design and implementation of human resource development policy for ports.     

Public goods and the public financing of major European seaports

Seaports are recognized for their importance in facilitating trade growth and associated economic development. These attributes often give rise to the notion that seaports, or infrastructure elements of seaports, are public goods. Public goods are regarded as goods or services which a market acting in isolation might have difficulty in providing, or at least providing in sufficient quantity and/or at a competitive price. An important element of a public good relates to its non-rival consumption, the implication being that it is impossible to exclude anyone, whether they pay or not. Key questions this paper seeks to address are, what constitutes public goods in seaports, to what extent is it necessary for the public sector to provide these goods, and can such intervention lead to market distortion in respect of competing ports? The paper describes the more common examples of public goods in seaports. This is followed by discussion of public and private sector investment at major north European seaports. The paper considers the potential for market distortion due to public sector expenditure on so-called public goods in seaports, and proposes that a more cohesive policy for major ports, particularly those very large containerports serving a common European hinterland, is necessary in order to deliver a sustainable transport system in the long term.     

中英码头船舶靠泊撞击能设计规范对比分析

对比分析了中、英规范关于码头船舶靠泊撞击能设计方面的差异,并通过实例进行了验算。研究结果表明:中国水运行业规范对影响船舶靠泊撞击能的因素考虑不全,计算结果偏小,动能系数取值不尽合理。建议修订计算公式中系数的种类和取值。同时,为海外项目船舶靠泊撞击能设计提供理论参考。     

Marketing communications for seaports: a matter of survival and growth

Perhaps the most critical issue facing seaports is their survival and growth in today's highly competitive environment. Seaports are facing challenging times as the once monopolistic position of having captive markets diminishes. This situation is being replaced by growing sections of the hinterland now being considered by competing seaports as being contestable. In effect, for many business opportunities, captive and contestable hinterland regions are blurring resulting in attracting and retaining trade throughput becoming a major key to seaport survival and growth. One strategic tool that seaport management can utilize to both attract new customers and retain current customers is the use of marketing communications. An examination of the literature on marketing communication efforts by seaports tends to focus mainly on advertising and activities more suited to promoting physical products. Instead, this paper argues the need for a much broader approach to marketing communications that takes into account the challenges of seaports that are service-based businesses. That is, there tends to be a greater need for marketing communication efforts to be able to tangibilise the intangible service offered by seaports to reduce perceptions of increased risk and uncertainty on using another seaport. The purpose of this paper is to examine the benefits to seaports of managing marketing communications strategically and holistically for effective outcomes. More specifically, this paper explains the role of public relations, publicity, personnel selling, sales promotions, word-of-mouth communications, electronic communications, and the management of the seaport's servicescape and the sources of physical evidence provided by seaports in developing a broader and services-based approach to marketing communications. This includes thinking wider than attracting and retaining customers as being the purpose of marketing communications but to also include informing and educating other stakeholders such as employees and the local community about the benefits provided by the seaport. Also discussed is the necessity of a consistent message being provided by all marketing communication activities to customers and stakeholders that results in the development of a desired image of the seaport and appropriate positioning of the seaport in relation to competitors. To facilitate discussion, results from a recent empirical study of the Australian seaport sector are used.     

Risk perception affecting the performance of shipping companies: the moderating effect of China and Korea

Risks in the shipping industry have been highlighted and have attracted significant attention, especially following the bankruptcy of Hanjin in 2017. Due to the decrease in container volume, the business environment for large shipping companies in China has deteriorated. Therefore, major large shipping companies have implemented mixed ownership reform, which provides more opportunities for large Korean shipping companies to enter the Chinese shipping industry. This study first identifies risk perception, specifically focusing on the moderating effect of Chinese and Korean shipping companies, and then demonstrates the impact of these risks on shipping company performance. The results show that market, operational, and technical risks have a negative influence on Chinese shipping companies, whereas market, policy, financial, operations, and technical risks have a negative influence on Korean shipping companies. This study contributes to the fundamental understanding of the effect of risk perception on performance among shipping companies in both countries and calls for further research on risk management plans based on the risk factors identified herein. On a practical level, this study provides an important reference for operators and investors who seek to enter strategic alliances or joint venture in Chinese shipping industry.     

Economic policies and seaports: The economic functions of seaports

This paper argues that the economic functions of seaports are to benefit those whose trade passes through them, i.e. through providing increments to consumers' and producers' surpluses. Whilst recent developments in the technologies of seaports (containers, bigger ships, more rapid handling of bulk cargoes) have increased technical efficiency, they have also provided such economies of scale as to reduce some opportunities for competition and, therefore, the probability that cost reductions are actually passed on in this way. For this purpose port costs need to be considered in their entirety, i.e. as generalized transport costs per tonne, comprising money, time and the risks of loss, damage and delay. Such cost reductions will lead to expanded trade in a variety of ways.

This statement of the economic function of seaports is contrasted with views that they should try to increase employment in their locality, or that they should maximize profits.     

Entry barriers in seaports

The different types of entry barrier in seaports are analysed and the policies and practices to reduce them are discussed in this paper. In most seaports, economic, regulatory, and geographical entry barriers are substantial and increasing in complexity as ports become embedded in supply chains and multilayered networks with multiple entry-levels. Various entry barriers in seaports are identified through an overview of the relevant literature and their presence is confirmed by empirical data describing them. The case is then made for lowering these barriers. This would be desirable from an economic point of view, since lower barriers strengthen the contestability of markets and increase the level of intra-port competition. The latter might yield substantial benefits, such as fostering specialization and preventing the abuse of market power. Finally, low entry barriers would facilitate the faster implementation of new technologies and business models. In the third part of the analysis, policies and practices designed to reduce entry barriers are examined. The implications are discussed of current national and supranational (EU) policy initiatives aimed to liberalize service provision in seaports. Other (de)regulatory policies that could contribute to the reduction of entry barriers are analysed.