带不确定动态的欠驱动水面船舶鲁棒自适应路径跟踪控制(英文)

A robust adaptive control strategy was developed to force an underactuated surface vessel to follow a reference path,despite the presence of uncertain parameters and unstructured uncertainties including exogenous disturbances and measurement noise.The reference path can be a curve or a straight line.The proposed controller was designed by using Lyapunov’s direct method and sliding mode control and backstepping techniques.Because the sway axis of the vessel was not directly actuated,two sliding surfaces were introduced,the first one in terms of the surge motion tracking errors and the second one for the yaw motion tracking errors.The adaptive control law guaranteed the uniform ultimate boundedness of the tracking errors.Numerical simulation results were provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller for path following of underactuated surface vessels.     

基于稳定逆的UUV路径跟踪控制

针对水下无人潜航器(Unmanned Underwater Vehicle,UUV)路径跟踪过程中存在的非最小相位特性,提出了一种基于稳定逆的UUV路径跟踪控制方法。根据稳定逆的思想,首先,求取跟踪系统内动态的有界解;通过求解过程,设计了跟踪系统基于期望轨迹的稳定逆;由稳定逆产生期望控制输入和期望的状态轨迹,反馈控制器实现了系统在线完成对期望轨迹的精确跟踪。仿真实验证实该方法可以实现UUV对规划路径的精确跟踪。     

耦合非线性三维海洋立管的边界控制(英文)

This paper presents a design of boundary controllers implemented at the top end for global stabilization of a marine riser in a three dimensional space under environmental loadings. Based on the energy approach, nonlinear partial differential equations of motion, including bending-bending and longitudinal-bending couplings for the risers are derived. The couplings cause mutual effects between the three independent directions in the riser’s motions, and make it difficult to minimize its vibrations. The Lyapunov direct method is employed to design the boundary controller. It is shown that the proposed boundary controllers can effectively reduce the riser’s vibration. Stability analysis of the closed-loop system is performed using the Lyapunov direct method. Numerical simulations illustrate the results.     

牵引车-飞机系统的路径跟踪控制(英文)

An aircraft tractor plays a significant role as a kind of important marine transport and support equipment. It’s necessary to study its controlling and manoeuvring stability to improve operation efficiency. A virtual prototyping model of the tractor-aircraft system based on Lagrange’s equation of the first kind with Lagrange mutipliers was established in this paper. According to the towing characteristics, a path-tracking controller using fuzzy logic theory was designed. Direction control herein was carried out through a compensatory tracking approach. Interactive co-simulation was performed to validate the path-tracking behavior in closed-loop. Simulation results indicated that the tractor followed the reference courses precisely on a flat ground.     

应用零航速减摇鳍的海洋机器人近水面时的横摇减摇控制(英文)

A zero-speed fin stabilizer system was developed for rolling control of a marine robot.As a robot steering device near the sea surface with low speed,it will have rolling motion due to disturbance from waves.Based on the working principle of a zero-speed fin stabilizer and a marine robot’s dynamic properties,a roll damping controller was designed with a master-slave structure.It was composed of a sliding mode controller and an output tracking controller that calculates the desired righting moment and drives the zero-speed fin stabilizer.The methods of input-output linearization and model reference were used to realize the tracking control.Simulations were presented to demonstrate the validity of the control law proposed.     

基于自适应反步法的欠驱动UUV空间路径点跟踪控制

解决了一类欠驱动UUV系统在空间6自由度运动中的路径点跟踪控制问题。首先采用拉格朗日方程的形式,建立UUV的6自由度运动学模型和动力学模型,并基于Line-of-sight法建立欠驱动UUV的路径点跟踪误差模型;然后提出了基于反步法设计满足动力学限制的综合控制器,设计自适应律以抵消海流的干扰,并基于Lyapunov理论证明了所设计控制器的稳定性;最后仿真结果验证了该控制器的有效性,实现了欠驱动UUV三维空间的路径点跟踪控制。     

UUV航迹跟踪的双闭环Terminal滑模控制

针对模型参数不确定及存在外界海流扰动情况下全驱型无人水下航行器(UUV)的航迹跟踪问题,提出了一种双闭环Terminal滑模控制方法。首先,为了防止UUV位置和姿态跟踪控制出现超调量过大的问题,在外环中引入位置和姿态负反馈,设计了UUV的参考速度作为镇定UUV位置和姿态跟踪误差的虚拟控制律。然后,在内环中将虚拟控制律作为跟踪目标。考虑到传统滑模控制会出现“抖振”现象,采用Terminal滑模控制方法,在消除“抖振”的同时,使滑模面上的速度跟踪误差在有限时间内收敛到稳态。最后,运用Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了该双闭环Terminal滑模控制系统的稳定性。仿真结果表明,该控制方法能够实现UUV对空间航迹的精确跟踪。     

有限元法在非线性波浪与结构物相互作用中的应用(英文)

We review recent advances in the finite element method (FEM) simulations of interactions between waves and structures. Our focus is on the potential theory with the fully nonlinear or second-order boundary condition. The present paper has six sections. A review of previous work on interactions between waves and ocean structures is presented in Section one. Section two gives the mathematical formulation. In Section three, the finite element discretization, mesh generation and the finite element linear system solution methods are described. Section four presents numerical methods including time marching schemes, computation of velocity, remeshing and smoothing techniques and numerical radiation conditions. The application of the FEM to the wave-structure interactions are presented in Section five followed by the concluding remarks in Section six.     

槽道型高速滑行艇船型的自动生成(英文)

The creation of geometric model of a ship to determine the characteristics of hydrostatic and hydrodynamic, and also for structural design and equipments arrangement are so important in the ship design process. Planning tunnel high speed craft is one of the crafts in which, achievement to their top speed is more important. These crafts with the use of tunnel have the aero-hydrodynamics properties to diminish the resistance, good sea-keeping behavior, reduce slamming and avoid porpoising. Because of the existence of the tunnel, the hull form generation of these crafts is more complex and difficult. In this paper, it has attempted to provide a method based on geometry creation guidelines and with an entry of the least control and hull form adjustment parameters, to generate automatically the hull form of planning tunnel craft. At first, the equations of mathematical model are described and subsequent, three different models generated based on present method are compared and analyzed. Obviously, the generated model has more application in the early stages of design.     

开源环境下的高精确度船舶水动力学仿真(英文)

The numerical simulation of wake and free-surface flow around ships is a complex topic that involves multiple tasks: the generation of an optimal computational grid and the development of numerical algorithms capable to predict the flow field around a hull. In this paper, a numerical framework is developed aimed at high-resolution CFD simulations of turbulent, free-surface flows around ship hulls. The framework consists in the concatenation of tools, partly available in the open-source finite volume library Open FOAM. A novel, flexible mesh-generation algorithm is presented, capable of producing high-quality computational grids for free-surface ship hydrodynamics. The numerical frame work is used to solve some benchmark problems, providing results that are in excellent agreement with the experimental measures.     

基于DSC的欠驱动船舶路径跟踪神经滑模控制

为进一步提高船舶路径跟踪的准确性和稳定性,针对欠驱动船舶易受外界环境的干扰和模型不确定等问题,提出一种基于动态面技术的神经网络滑模控制策略。在虚拟船逻辑制导算法的基础上,结合反步法对虚拟控制律进行设计,引入动态面技术对虚拟控制律的导数进行估计,避免因直接求导而增加计算负担。在动力学回路设计中,将径向基神经网络与滑模控制相结合,设计神经网络权重的自适应律,实现对系统非线性项的在线估计和对实际控制律的设计。采用Lyapunov直接法证明闭环系统的稳定性,并对一艘长为32m的单体船进行仿真试验。结果表明,该控制策略可行,能实现对欠驱动船舶路径的有效跟踪。     

Serret-Frenet框架下欠驱动船的输出反馈路径跟踪鲁棒控制

研究欠驱动船舶在规定速度条件下的路径跟踪控制问题,提出一种基于终端滑模与Backsteping方法相结合的复合输出反馈控制策略.该控制策略利用Backsteping能够获得控制算法显式解的优点,构造出控制器算法的结构形式,然后设计一个基于观测器设计的逆动态终端滑模面,使得系统的估计状态跟踪误差能够在有限时间到达滑模面上,最终达到系统可镇定.最后,通过Lyapunov稳定性理论证明该复合控制策略的稳定性.利用实船数据进行数字仿真,结果表明该控制策略具有良好的跟踪性能.     

深海潜标多螺旋桨推力姿态控制仿真

海洋潜标上搭载的环境监测设备和仪器对潜标姿态提出了不同的要求,针对潜标在水平流的作用下产生纵倾和横倾时的姿态主动控制问题,化简潜标空间运动的非线性数学模型为2个垂直面运动模型,基于该解耦模型,采用多螺旋桨推力为控制量,提出了一种基于输入输出线性化的状态反馈姿态控制律,并编制Matlab程序进行仿真。结果表明,该控制律能够将处于不同海流流向下的深海潜标的姿态控制到参考姿态。     

基于动态执行机构的船舶循迹反步积分控制

文章针对连续曲率路径,用一种简单的几何方法生成连续曲率的路径.基于该几何方法生成的连续路径,文中利用line-of-sight(LOS)引导律解决了循迹控制中横向偏差最小的问题.为了减弱控制输出的振荡和获得平滑的控制输出,一种基于动态执行机构的改进反步积分控制器在过驱动船舶循迹控制中得到了应用.值得注意的是,文中用积分操作来抵抗风浪流环境力.数值分析结果展示了该控制器的有效性.     

欠驱动船舶路径跟踪的非线性模型预测控制

文章针对欠驱动船舶的路径跟踪提出了一种解析解模型预测控制方法,使其能够驶入预先规划好的航行路径。采用了Serret-Frenet坐标系来描述船舶运动,并且引入了重定义输出,由此避免了模型预测控制中的病态相关度问题,同时将原单输入多输出系统转化为单输入单输出系统。文中的算法提供了一种获得合适的控制参数的系统方法,保证了闭环系统的稳定性。数值仿真结果验证了该控制器的有效性。     

基于解析模型预测控制的欠驱动船舶路径跟踪控制器设计

针对欠驱动船舶路径跟踪控制系统中存在风、浪、流等外界干扰的影响,将船舶运动模型转化到Serret-Frenet标架下进行研究,通过引入重定义输出将原单输入多输出控制系统转化为单输入单输出控制系统,并将解析模型预测控制与非线性观测器相结合,提出一种鲁棒路径跟踪控制算法。该算法能够使欠驱动船舶跟踪并镇定于给定的参考路径。计算机仿真结果表明,所提出的控制器具有良好的控制性能以及鲁棒性能。     

基于增益调度的大压力筒压力跟踪控制

针对大压力筒压力控制的大惯性特征,采用控制进出压力筒液体容积的方式,实现压力筒内部压力的精确跟踪。建立系统非线性数学模型,在平衡点处线性化系统状态方程,采用极点配置方法设计系统在平衡点处的状态反馈解耦控制器。结合增益调度控制器设计策略,采用Back to turn(BTT)方法,得到系统全局保稳定控制器。仿真结果表明了本文所提出的控制器设计方法的有效性。     

基于鲁棒反馈线性化的船舶航向鲁棒内模控制

针对具有不确定项的船舶航向非线性数学模型,结合鲁棒反馈线性化方法和鲁棒内模控制算法设计出了船舶航向的鲁棒内模控制器.该方法先将船舶航向非线性数学模型鲁棒线性化,在补偿型船舶航向鲁棒控制律的基础上,设计出内模控制算法.鲁棒内模控制器中的反馈滤波器可以抑制参数摄动引起的实际输出与模型输出的误差,并对相关参数进行在线校正.以...     

精确反馈线性化在船舶航向保持器上的应用

现有的船舶航向保持器的设计大都采用Nomoto线性模型，而忽略了船舶操纵运动的非线性因素，因此航向控制的精度比较低。选择状态反馈精确线性化方法，将响应型船舶运动的非线性数学模型进行线性化，再利用基于闭环增益成形算法的鲁棒控制器进行控制，然后在Maflab的Simulink下进行系统仿真，仿真结果表明，所设计的基于闭环增益成形算法的控制器比基于LQR的控制器具有更好的控制能力。