基于隧道围岩监控量测的位移反演实践

基于隧道围岩监控量测的位移反分析能够充分考虑施工过程中各种因素的影响,获得更接近工程实际的岩体力学参数,能有效指导隧道的动态设计和信息化施工,因而对于复杂地质条件下隧道及地下工程的设计、施工具有重要意义.     

我国隧道及地下工程发展现状和前景展望

就我国隧道及地下工程发展现状和前景展望为题展开了研究,开始我们介绍了隧道及地下工程的发展现状,然后我们介绍了隧道及地下工程在施工中用到的方法和技术,最后我们对隧道及地下工程的未来做了展望并提出了施工中要注意的地方。     

新奥法监控量测在梅岭隧道工程中的应用

阐述了公路隧道新奥法监控量测的重要性，隧道净空变形位移量测的方法，手段和数据处理的方法，介绍了隧道量测在浙江省金－丽－温一级汽车专用线温州段梅岭隧道具体应用情况，得出了一些有益的结论。     

厦门海底隧道涌水涌砂应急预案与处理施工技术

结合厦门海底隧道K11＋856发生突发性涌水涌泥的地质灾害处理情况．详细介绍了该段隧道涌水涌泥治理所采用的应急响应与施工措施．监控量测结果验证了处理方案的正确性．对同类地下工程施工具有一定的借鉴意义。     

关于隧道施工监控量测工作的探讨

隧结合隧道施工监控量测的概念及分类,以垭口隧道为例论述了隧道施工监控量测的工作要点。     

大连疏港高速公路大跨度砂质粘土隧道施工监控量测研究

在隧道大跨度施工中进行安全监控量测是必不可少的。通过对大连疏港高速公路松树岭大跨度隧道施工监控量测结果的分析,介绍了围岩为砂质粘土的大跨度隧道施工监控量测的基本方法,总结出该类隧道围岩变形及地表沉降的基本规律,对今后类似工程的施工监控量测提供重要的参考价值。     

雁门关隧道监控量测技术研究初探

通过对雁门关隧道监控量测技术研究的具体设想，阐明了监控量测在长大公路隧道建设和运营中的重要性。     

现场监控量测在公路隧道施工中的应用

监控量测是隧道新奥法施工的关键步骤,“勤量测”是从我国隧道施工实践中总结出来并对安全、质量最有效的措施之一。结合重庆涪陵聚云山隧道现场监控量测,介绍监控量测断面布置、数据采集和量测数据的处理、分析及应用。     

公路隧道拱顶下沉量测技术探讨

隧道的监控量测对于隧道的施工安全、指导施工都有重要意义,而拱顶下沉量测又是隧道现场监控量测的必测项目,介绍了拱顶下沉量测的主要方法、量测要求以及量测后的数据处理。     

全站仪在隧道施工位移监测中的应用

介绍了全站仪免棱镜测距技术在隧道监控量测中的应用,总结了全站仪免棱镜测距技术在隧道施工监控量测中使用技巧及精度分析。全站仪能快捷、方便、高效、安全地进行隧道施工周边位移(收敛)监测,为类似监控量测提供参考。     

基于数值分析的大跨隧道不同工序下地层特性研究

利用有限差分软件FLAG3D,建立了浅埋大跨地铁隧道开挖模型.通过分析浅埋大跨隧道分别采用台阶法和双侧壁导坑法不同施工工序下的地层应力位移特性,得出了针对浅埋大跨隧道开挖,采用双侧壁导坑法优于台阶法,并说明了双侧壁导坑法能有效控制变形的理论依据.将数值模拟与现场测试试验结果对比,提出了优化的施工方案,对大跨浅埋隧道类似工程施工具有一定的指导借鉴作用.     

城市岩溶区地铁隧道的溶洞超前探测及处治技术

以正在施工的大连地铁2号线（松江路站～东纬路站）暗挖区间工程为例,介绍了暗挖爆破法穿越富水岩溶区、溶洞发育区域时的施工工序流程和超前地质预报手段。利用地质补勘钻孔、超高密度电法跨孔电阻率CT探测、洞内超前探孔等技术手段详细探明溶洞发育位置、形态,通过洞内与地表相结合的处理方式消除或减小溶洞对暗挖施工的影响。超前地质预报手段与施工工序流程的成功应用,为类似环境下城市地铁施工提供参考及借鉴意义。     

基于收敛约束原理的大断面黄土隧道围岩与初支稳定性分析

黄土特殊的工程性质决定了黄土隧道结构的受力复杂性．大断面黄土隧道由于开挖断面大,开挖方法一般采用台阶法或交叉中隔壁法（CRD）．因此,沿用传统的观测点布置方法进行测点布置和位移观测,存在一定的困难．收敛约束法应用方便,思路明确．用收敛约束法对隧道初期支护进行稳定性分析,不仅能正确地反映隧道施工中的各种力学现象和过程,还能弄清楚围岩与支护“相互作用”和“动态作用”的特点．本文基于收敛约束原理,结合现场实测数据,对兰渝高铁某大断面黄土隧道的围岩稳定性和初支的安全性进行评价．为隧道的后续施工．提供参考．     

超深层黄土滑坡作用下既有隧道结构体系力学特征

黄土地区滑坡灾害频发,滑坡尤其是超深层滑坡对既有隧道结构受力变形有重要影响,隧道滑坡体系变形特性、力学响应一直是学术界和工程界关注的焦点.?以某超深层滑坡地质灾害中的铁路隧道工程为依托,建立了"超深层黄土边坡-滑带-隧道"FLAC3D三维数值模型;利用基于位移突变的局部强度折减法模拟坡体失稳临界状态;针对不同滑带隧道相...     

Assessing a soft twin tunneling numerical model using field data

Using a five-floor building affected by the Yangtze River highway tunnels in Wuhan as the engineering background, we have constructed a free-field model and a coupled model to study the soil, lining, foundations and upper structure, and analyze the rules of movements of building foundation and ground induced by single tunnel and twin tunnel excavation with the Finite Element Analysis method. It is shown that for the coupled model, the longitudinal displacement of each foundation increases slowly when the tunnel face gets close to the foundation section and then increases fast when the tunnel face moves away from the foundation during the single and twin tunneling. For a single tunnel, the surface settlements are overestimated by the free-field and coupled tunnel. This might be crucial in urban areas. Regarding the maximum settlements and the width of the settlement trough, the difference between the free-field model and the coupled model is quite obvious. This comparison with the field measurement value reveals that the coupled model seems to be superior to the free-field model. These results are of instructive significance for design and excavation.     

Model test for dynamic construction mechanical effect of large-span loess tunnel

It has been a focus of debate for a large time on construction methods for large-span loess tunnel. Reasonable construction method has much effect on stability of tunnel and construction schedule. Deformation and failure of surrounding rock are quite complex. Associating with the large-span loess tunnel of Zhengzhou—Xi’an high-speed passenger rail line in China, large scale model test with geometric proportion 1:20 is applied to study on dynamic mechanical behavior of various construction methods. They include full-face excavation with support and no support, and benching method with support. It is found that pre-deformation and stress accumulation take place ahead of working face. The effects of three construction methods are further studied, particularly in terms of tunnel displacement and stress changes. It is revealed that benching method transfers load to an unexcavated area, limits horizontal deformation, reduces stress concentration effectively, lengthens the distance between location of peak for stress concentration and working face, and consequently increases stability. The model test results not only supply theoretical foundation for determination of reasonable construction method, but also can act as reference for similar tunnel and underground engineering construction.     

Regression analysis of initial stress field around faults based on fault throw by displacement discontinuity method

The back analysis of initial stress is usually based on measured stress values, but the measuring of initial stress demands substantial investment. Therefore, amounts of underground engineering have no measured initial stress data, such as tunneling engineering. Focusing on this problem, a new back analysis method which does not need measured initial stress data is developed. The fault is assumed to be caused by initial load, the displacement discontinuity method (DDM) which considered non-linear fault is adopted to establish a numerical model of the engineering site, and the multivariable regression analysis of the initial stress field around the faults is carried out based on the fault throw. The result shows that the initial stress field around the faults is disturbed significantly, stress concentration appears in the tip zone, the regressive fault throw matches the measured values well, and the regressive initial stress field is reliable.     

浅谈隧道防坍塌控制技术

介绍了隧道防坍塌控制技术。隧道防坍技术依靠地下工程施工的经验,利用新技术的集成和优化,推行隧道防坍"二十四字"施工方针,灵活应用软弱围岩隧道施工"十八字"施工方针,贯彻"四项防坍基本经验",充分考虑地下洞室开挖支护的时间与空间效应,可广泛应用于公路隧道工程施工防坍。     

电缆隧道开挖引起邻近地下管线位移分析

随着市政设施的不断完善,城市地下工程也在逐渐的增加,城市电缆隧道的施工势必会对其周围的既有地下管线产生一定的影响。通过运用有限元软件ANSYS建立三维模型,针对管线与隧道走向垂直以及管线与隧道走向平行这两种管线与隧道的相对位置关系,综合考虑管线的埋置深度、本身的材质、管径的大小、管线和隧道的水平间距四个方面的影响因素,对电缆隧道的开挖过程进行数值模拟,以地下管线的位移作为指标对模拟结果进行分析,结果表明这些因素均会对地下管线的位移产生明显的影响,得出一些规律,为以后的工程施工提供一定参考依据。     

基于进化神经元算法的堡镇隧道软弱围岩施工弹塑性智能位移反分析

结合宜万铁路堡镇隧道的施工,将BP神经网络和遗传算法引入特长隧道软岩段的施工位移反分析,采用遗传算法自动搜索BP神经网络训练效果最优的参数,建立起反映围岩变形与岩体物理力学参数及初始地应力之间高度非线性、不确定的GA-BP智能模型,然后采用遗传算法在岩体物理力学参数和初始地应力取值范围内,搜索BP神经网络预测围岩变形与实测围岩变形最接近的参数组合,取得反演获得的岩体物理力学参数和初始地应力.从堡镇隧道应用结果来看,这种进化神经元算法反演结果可以满足隧道施工的需要,并为类似工程提供了借鉴.