商用车常规制动踏板感觉研究

制动踏板感觉直接关系着制动安全性和驾驶舒适性。从理论和试验两方面进行商用车制动踏板感觉影响因素的研究,对不同参数下的制动感觉通过主观评价进行对比,将舒适的制动踏板感觉下的主要影响因素通过试验量化,形成常规制动踏板感觉设计参数。     

乘用车制动踏板感觉的综合评价

通过对车辆制动踏板的整车道路试验、分析及踏板感觉的主观评价,提出了对车辆制动踏板感觉综合评价的方法——制动感觉指数。通过该指数全面地分析车辆在制动过程中驾驶员脚下的感受,包括踏板力、踏板行程和制动减速度等,以量化参数的方法来描述制动感觉所涉及的各项指标,给工程设计和用户实际感受之间提供了转换的桥梁。     

制动性能测试在受损车辆司法鉴定中的适应性研究

针对整车制动性能完成对车载制动检测系统的集成,实时检测、采集、分析各传感器输入的制动踏板力、制动减速度、管路压力等制动性能参数,分别完成常规制动试验、制动失效试验、静态及动态制动踏板感觉试验,并完成对4类工况的制动性能分析对比;对受损车辆制动性能的司法鉴定进行考核评价,并完成制动性能测试在受损车辆司法鉴定中的适应性研究。     

轿车液压制动系统存在空气对车辆的影响

制动性能是汽车十大性能之一,它关系到车辆的行车安全性,是保证整车行驶安全的最关键系统。评价一辆汽车的制动性能最基本的指标是制动减速度、制动距离、制动时间、制动时方向的稳定性、以及制动踏板感觉。本文用人为方法将制动系统引入空气,再进行相应的测试,对轿车液压制动系统存在空气对车辆的这些性能影响进行了研究分析。     

基于AMESim的汽车制动踏板感觉仿真及优化

为研究与优化汽车制动踏板感觉,对汽车制动系统进行动力学理论分析,基于AMESim建立制动踏板感觉仿真模型,利用实车动态试验验证了模型的准确性,基于建立的模型研究了汽车制动系统各部件参数和踏板踩踏速度与制动踏板感觉的关系,引入制动踏板感觉指数(BFI)对试验车进行了客观评价,并提出制动系统的改善方案。试验结果表明,调整踏板杠杆比、制动器等效弹簧刚度等制动系统参数能够显著提升车辆的制动踏板感觉。     

解耦式电子液压制动器踏板感觉设计与评价

汽车制动踏板感觉已成为当前整车厂商越来越关注的汽车品质之一。电子液压制动器因其响应快、安全性高、可线控制动等优点,将逐步取代传统的真空助力器。文章提出一种适合解耦式电子液压制动系统的踏板感觉设计与评价方法,以提高系统开发效率,提升制动踏板感觉。应用实例及车辆试验表明,踏板感觉理论设计能够吻合正常测试,评价方法能够对应主观感受并指导踏板感觉设计。     

汽车制动性能检测技术探究与应用

正汽车制动性能直接影响车辆的安全性、舒适性,是汽车安全行驶的前提。汽车制动性能的检测也是车辆年检、营运车辆年审时的一个重要判定项目,重大交通事故往往与制动距离太长、紧急制动时发生侧滑等情况有关。汽车制动不良现象一旦发生,轻则造成制动无力、制动拖滞、制动踏板跳动、制动距离过长、制动跑偏;重则产生制动侧滑现象,出现车头平直向前,而车尾已滑向一侧,驾驶者失去对车辆的方向控制作用,极易造成后方车辆追尾,酿成惨烈的交通事故。判断汽车制动系的工作性能是否合格,可在汽车性能检测站检测,主要     

制动踏板感觉数据处理研究

车辆底盘评价项目中的制动踏板感觉其客观分析已经在国内制动系统行业获得了较为广泛的研究,不同的制动踏板感觉客观数据的采集和处理方法直接影响到制动踏板感觉的优化效果。对制动踏板感觉客观数据的采集要点进行分析,并研究零相移数字滤波器的特点,分析filtfilt滤波函数对制动踏板感觉客观数据的处理效果,在此基础上,提出一种制动踏板感觉试验数据采集和分析的标准化方法,以便客观地比较不同试验结果。     

变踏板比制动踏板的优点

通过比较变踏板比制动踏板与传统制动踏板可知,变踏板比制动踏板结构紧凑,易于布置,具有踏板比容易调节的优点,对缩短整车开发周期有利:变踏板比制动踏板具有踏板比随踏板行程变化而变化的特性,踏板感觉好;变踏板比制动踏板使用了机械四连杆机构,利用杆件的合理布置和运动特性.易实现制动踏板的防侵入功能,从而提高车辆安全性.     

2007款宝马740Li制动时制动踏板抖动

<正>车型:E66。行驶里程:160000km。故障现象:用户反映车辆行驶速度在30km/h左右制动时感觉制动踏板抖动,有些反弹。因为此故障还更换了前后的制动片和制动盘,故障无法排除。故障诊断:接车后首先验证用户反映的故障现象,路试时车辆正常,行驶至30km/h时踩制动踏板感觉制动踏板剧烈反弹,分析是DSC泵在工作。低于这个车速或者高于这个车速制动时制动踏板没有明显的感觉。车辆制动系统没有报警提示。目测检查车辆的前后制动片和制动盘都是新的部件,可以暂时排除掉。连接     

Development of a semi-empirical program for predicting the braking performance of a passenger vehicle

Since the invention of automobiles, the need to know the braking performance of vehicles has been acknowledged. However, because there are numerous design variables as well as nonlinearities in the braking system, it is difficult to predict the performance accurately. In this paper, a computational program is developed to estimate the braking performance numerically. This synthetic braking performance program accounts for pedal force, pedal travel and deceleration of braking parts, such as master cylinder, booster, valve, brake pad, rotor, and hoses. To improve the accuracy of program, a semi-empirical model of a braking system is introduced by using the empirical test data of pad compression, hose expansion and the friction coefficient between the pad and rotor. The accuracy of the estimation is evaluated by comparing it to the actual vehicle test results. The developed program is easy for the brake system engineers to manipulate and it can be used in the development of new vehicles by incorporating the graphical presentations.     

驾驶机器人车辆动态制动力矩补偿

为了减小长期自动驾驶过程中制动性能下降带来的影响,提出了一种驾驶机器人车辆动态制动力矩补偿方法。首先建立了以车速和制动踏板力为输入,制动力矩为输出的驾驶机器人车辆制动性能离线自学习模型。然后考虑到驾驶机器人车辆长期自动驾驶导致离线自学习模型可靠性下降,建立了以车速和制动踏板力为输入,制动力矩为输出的扩展自回归在线辨识模型,并采用模糊变遗忘因子递推最小二乘法进行参数辨识。模糊变遗忘因子递推最小二乘法通过引入遗忘因子的方式,对数据施加时变加权系数,以避免出现数据增长导致的数据饱和现象。模糊变遗忘因子控制器以制动力矩辨识误差为输入,经模糊规则推理实时输出合适的遗忘因子进行参数辨识,能够有效均衡驾驶机器人车辆制动性能参数辨识的稳定性与收敛速度。驾驶机器人车辆自动驾驶过程中,根据当前车速与目标车速的大小计算出所需的制动力矩,加上反馈回来的制动力矩误差,并结合当前时刻的车速,利用制动性能离线自学习模型与机械腿逆向运动学模型实时计算出制动电机输出位移量,实现对驾驶机器人车辆制动力矩的在线补偿。仿真与试验结果表明:利用所提出的方法对车辆动态制动力矩进行辨识时,通过调节遗忘因子,辨识结果能够快速收敛且辨识误差较小。在此基础上,控制驾驶机器人车辆进行纵向车速跟踪时,能够有效减小制动性能下降造成的影响,保证控制车速跟踪误差在±1km·h-1之内。     

ISG hybrid powertrain: a rule-based driver model incorporating look-ahead information

According to European regulations, if the amount of regenerative braking is determined by the travel of the brake pedal, more stringent standards must be applied, otherwise it may adversely affect the existing vehicle safety system. The use of engine or vehicle speed to derive regenerative braking is one way to avoid strict design standards, but this introduces discontinuity in powertrain torque when the driver releases the acceleration pedal or applies the brake pedal. This is shown to cause oscillations in the pedal input and powertrain torque when a conventional driver model is adopted. Look-ahead information, together with other predicted vehicle states, are adopted to control the vehicle speed, in particular, during deceleration, and to improve the driver model so that oscillations can be avoided. The improved driver model makes analysis and validation of the control strategy for an integrated starter generator (ISG) hybrid powertrain possible.     

Development of the brake system design program for a vehicle

It is quite challenging to estimate the braking performance of a vehicle because the brake system is comprised of many parts, including a booster, master cylinder, and caliper. Calculation of characteristics such as braking force through vehicle tests requires much time and money. Therefore, the development of a method to estimate the braking performance of a vehicle using qualitative methods is beneficial. In this study, a program that can analyze the braking capabilities of a vehicle such as pressure, efficiency, and pedal travel is presented. The increase in disc temperature during braking as well as the properties of various boosters can be calculated using the proposed program. Dynamic characteristics of a vehicle equipped with a Load Sensing Proportional Valve (LSPV) were computed more precisely by obtaining the change in valve pressure according to the displacement of a suspension system. Since all input and output files are composed in the Microsoft Excel format, both design data management and database construction can easily completed.     

基于交通信息的电动汽车制动策略及仿真

为了提高滑行能量回收经济性和踏板制动安全性、舒适性,基于交通信息,提出了电动汽车(EV)制动协调策略。分析了滑行制动的经济性,由交通信息和汽车行驶状态确定滑行制动强度;由道路信息和前方车辆信息建立汽车安全距离模型和碰撞预警策略,利用预警信息对滑行制动和踏板制动强度进行协调。对本策略进行仿真验证。结果表明:利用交通信息的滑行策略,在通行良好工况下综合能耗减少1.1%,拥堵工况下减轻驾驶员的制动疲劳;预警和协调策略避免了频繁预警,减小了紧急避撞触发几率。因此,利用交通信息能够辅助驾驶员进行更加合理的制动。     

Transient switching control strategy from regenerative braking to anti-lock braking with a semi-brake-by-wire system

Regenerative braking is an important technology in improving fuel economy of an electric vehicle (EV). However, additional motor braking will change the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle, leading to braking instability, especially when the anti-lock braking system (ABS) is triggered. In this paper, a novel semi-brake-by-wire system, without the use of a pedal simulator and fail-safe device, is proposed. In order to compensate for the hysteretic characteristics of the designed brake system while ensure braking reliability and fuel economy when the ABS is triggered, a novel switching compensation control strategy using sliding mode control is brought forward. The proposed strategy converts the complex coupling braking process into independent control of hydraulic braking and regenerative braking, through which a balance between braking performance, braking reliability, braking safety and fuel economy is achieved. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy is effective and adaptable in different road conditions while the large wheel slip rate is triggered during a regenerative braking course. The research provides a new possibility of low-cost equipment and better control performance for the regenerative braking in the EV and the hybrid EV.     

一种汽车ESP仿真模型的研究

基于Pacejka的"魔术公式"轮胎模型,建立了包括汽车纵向与横向移动、横摆、侧倾和4个车轮的转动的8自由度动力学模型.设计了由汽车仿真模型和驱动系统、四通道制动系统、制动踏板、转向盘与油门踏板等实物以及控制器(ESP)等部分组成的半实物仿真平台.以侧向加速度与横摆角速度为仿真控制变量对模型进行仿真测试.仿真与实车测试数据相当接近,为ESP的研究提供了有效的模型.     

Improvement of Vehicle Dynamics by Rear Braking Force Control

A study on effective use of rear braking force to improve a brake performance and vehicle dynamics are carried out. On a ordinary condition, the rear braking force could be more increased to a conventional braking force distribution. Based on this thought, the brake performances are estimated. The results show the effects not only improve the brake performance but also reduce a pitching at braking and moderate a vehicle OS behavior in a turn during braking. These are verified by experimental test vehicle equipped with a rear braking force control system.