一种船用碟式斯特林太阳能热发电装置的设计与实现

在现有船舶太阳能光伏发电技术的基础上,基于碟式太阳能热发电技术,设计一种船用碟式斯特林太阳能热发电装置,并利用STM32 F3作为控制器,基于高度角-方位角双轴混合跟踪技术设计该船用碟式斯特林太阳能热发电装置的太阳跟踪控制系统。     

船舶太阳能发电中自动跟踪控制系统的研究

近年来,化石燃料等不可再生资源日渐枯竭,地球生态环境也不断遭到破坏,因此,节能环保成为各行各业的研究重点。传统船舶采用柴油发动机作为动力来源,消耗大量化石燃料的同时还会对海洋环境造成污染,采用新兴的太阳能、风能等可再生资源有助于节约能源,改善海洋环境。本文以船载太阳能发电系统作为研究对象,研究了光照跟踪控制的原理,并设计了船舶太阳能发电的自动跟踪控制系统,使船载太阳能发电系统的发电效率大幅提高。     

光伏水泵方便好用

甘肃省科学院自然能源研究所将太阳能发电装置成功地应用在抽水设备上,该所研制出的太阳能光伏水泵,为西北山区农业灌溉解决了缺电的难题。据介绍,目前4套太阳能光伏水泵样机已经过运行试验和技术测试,其各项技术性能均达到设计指标,其中两套样机已在甘肃定西投入使用。太阳能电池中将光能转化为电能的装置称为“光伏器件”,太阳能光伏水泵就是利用“光伏器件”发的电作为普通潜水泵的电源,进行抽水灌溉作业,它将太阳能电池和潜水泵这两种设备成功地结合在一起。这种水泵的优点是:安装简便,可放置在手推车上,移动方便;使用寿命长,一块太阳能…     

太阳能小艇的推进装置

在科学技求高速发展的今天,太阳能得到了广泛的使用。人们尝试把它应用在交通运输工具上,相继制成了太阳能飞机、太阳能汽车和太阳能船舶。那么,太阳能是怎样变成动力的呢?其推进装置又是怎     

船用汽轮机盘车装置性能试验台设计

设计了一套测试船舶汽轮机电动盘车装置性能的通用试验台方案,该试验台可模拟盘车装置在实际汽轮机机组运行中的负载条件,准确测试盘车装置的实际输出特性,完成盘车装置的部套件性能测试。使用设计的试验台对某型船舶汽轮机电动盘车装置进行了实测,测试结果显示,盘车装置输出扭矩满足设计要求,测试结果与汽轮机实际运行状态吻合,盘车装置在机组中的使用性能良好。     

基于ESO和动态逆的欠驱动船舶航迹跟踪控制设计

针对欠驱动船舶航迹跟踪控制问题,考虑船舶动态不确定性、未知时变外部扰动和速度不可测的情况,将输出重定义方法、扩张状态观测器(extended state observer, ESO)和动态逆控制方法相结合,设计欠驱动船舶航迹跟踪控制律。输出重定义方法用来解决系统欠驱动问题;构造ESO,估计由船舶动态不确定性、未知时变外部扰动以及船舶各自由度运动状态变量间的耦合构成的总扰动和船舶速度;基于上述,采用动态逆控制方法,设计航迹跟踪控制律,使欠驱动船舶跟踪期望航迹,并保证航迹跟踪闭环控制系统所有信号最终一致有界。以一艘欠驱动船舶为例进行仿真研究,仿真结果验证了所设计的航迹跟踪控制律的有效性和优越性。     

基于单片机的船用太阳能充放电控制器的开发

为了减少海洋污染,充分利用绿色能源,研究了太阳能电池板的特性。设计了利用单片机控制的太阳能充放电控制器,对部分电路进行仿真测试。通过太阳能电池板的输出特性,找到了适合太阳能电池板的最佳输出电压及电流。利用上限及下限值设置,在单片机中通过程序控制电路是否充电。将船舶直流电源改为利用太阳能,绿色环保。     

太阳能风帆及其姿态角调整系统设计

以SS30全自动采样无人船为基础船,选取合适的风帆类型和太阳能电池板,设计太阳能风帆及其姿态角调整系统,包括姿态角水平驱动装置和竖直回转驱动装置,实验分析研究其可行性。结果表明,太阳能电池板发电功率随其安装倾斜角而变化,存在最优倾斜角;风帆为使船获得最大推力和推进功率,存在最优攻角。通过采集太阳能风帆不同工况下的实验数据,优化太阳能和风能在船舶上的综合利用。     

近水面AUV自适应输出反馈控制器设计

近水面航行的自治水下机器人(AUV)受到较强的波浪干扰,此干扰可进入测量输出信号,影响AUV的实际位置和姿态。若此干扰进入控制设计环节,必然增大控制输出,降低控制精度、浪费燃料,严重时可破坏驱动装置。针对此问题,设计了自适应输出反馈控制器,用以实现强干扰下的AUV水平面轨迹跟踪控制。首先设计观测器将系统输出信号中的干扰过滤掉,使其无法进入控制设计环节。然后采用局部逼近的径向基神经网络对不确定水动力系数和径向、横向及艏向角速度耦合产生的非线性结构进行补偿。利用Lyapunov稳定性理论证明闭环系统的稳定性。仿真实验表明控制器对粘性阻尼系数和未知非线性结构具有很好的自适应性;对附加质量不确定性和干扰的变化有很强的鲁棒性。     

基于光伏升压与最大功率跟踪设计

太阳能光伏系统是将太阳能转化为电能,而太阳能电池电压一般比较小且为非线性。本文采用boost DC/DC升压电路和最大功率跟踪爬山法做了分析设计,结合MATLAB/SIMULINK软件环境,进行相关实验和仿真。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。