船员心理健康与航运企业安全管理

船员的心理素质对船舶的安全生产有着不容忽视的影响。试图从船员心理素质与航行安全的关系、事故预防与心理行为训练等方面探讨船员心理健康对于航运企业安全管理的重要性,提出关注船员心理健康是企业安全文化的应有之义。     

ISM Code implementation: an investigation of safety issues in the shipping industry

Acknowledging that shipping safety continues to be a major topic of interest in the maritime community, the present study attempts to identify the critical factors of International Safety Management (ISM) Code implementation, to identify the dimensions that describe whether the ISM Code has fulfilled its intended purpose as well as to assess their interrelationships. Moreover, the present study aims to explore whether the fulfillment of the Code’s intended purpose is associated with accident reduction. Evidence was drawn from a sample of 63 masters and chief officers who have hands-on onboard experience on ISM Code implementation and data were analyzed through the use of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), correlation analysis, and binomial logistic regression. Findings indicate that the critical factors of ISM Code implementation can be categorized in the crew-related and the company-related dimensions. Also, the fulfillment of the intended purpose of the ISM Code consists of the factors of safety management system efficiency and increased safety, which were also found to be significantly associated with the crew-related dimension of ISM Code implementation. Finally, results showed that both safety management system efficiency and increased safety increase the probability of accident reduction at the highest level.     

航运发展中安全管理与生产经营的关系

近年来,我国航运业快速发展,从整体上来看其综合实力已经得到显著提高,已经具备了安全、科学的发展条件。但是航运企业快速发展的过程中生产经营与安全管理之间仍然存在很多问题。特别是在金融危机后,航运企业在注重利益化的发展中,安全问题较为突出,在重大安全隐患无法得到有效控制的情况下.     

Ocean shipping deregulation restructures the liner shipping industry

Significant pro-competitive changes were made to the Shipping Act by the Ocean Shipping Reform Act (OSRA). The most notable of these was the shift away from public tariffs and publicly available contract rates to confidential rates using individually negotiated service contracts. The number of individual member service contracts has risen dramatically since OSRA went into effect in 1999. These statistics support the argument that OSRA was able to bring more competition to the industry. However, the theory and empirical evidence of the Act’s success in improving the performance of the liner industry serving the Transatlantic and Transpacific trade routes, which are two major trunk roads subject to the jurisdiction of the US, are not so compelling. This article employs the theory of joint product to assess the impact of OSRA on the shipping market structure and competition of two major east–west arteries after 1999. This article considers head haul and backhaul container shipments as joint products. Two simple statistical equations are derived to reinterpret Smith’s condition of joint product. The empirical results confirm that the market structure of Transatlantic and Transpacific trade lanes are competitive.     

The Nigerian shipping industry and indigenous shipping companies

The shipping industry in Nigeria since the early 1990s has been experiencing a continuous disastrous downturn. Nigerian shipping companies' participation in international shipping has continued to be very limited. Their presence and impact is hardly felt in the world's shipping industry. Both the national carriers (that is shipping companies with national carrier status) and other indigenous private shipping companies have vessel as well as management problems. These problems have led to the poor performance of the Nigerian shipping industry for over a decade now. The carriers in the industry are not attaining for the country the gains that are supposed to emanate from shipping. This paper points out the importance of shipping to a nation, identifies the problems the country's shipping companies are facing and proffers solutions that include merging of the companies to have strong financial standing and a competitive edge.     

Green shipping management capability and firm performance in the container shipping industry

This study empirically identifies crucial green shipping management capability and examines its impact on firm performance using survey data collected from container shipping firms, including shipping companies and agencies. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis is performed to identify three critical green shipping management capability dimensions, namely, greener policy, greener ships, and greener suppliers. In this study, firm performance is categorized into environmental performance and financial performance. The results indicate that a greener policy has a direct and positive influence on both the greener ships and the greener suppliers factors. Greener ships and greener suppliers are found to have an indirect and positive influence on financial performance through environmental performance. Accordingly, this study suggests that container shipping managers could focus on organizational green shipping management capability, specifically regarding policies, ships, and suppliers, to improve their environmental and financial performance. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings for container shipping firms have been discussed.     

2050 for the shipping industry

正On April 13,2018,London,United Kingdom,the 72nd Meeting of the IMO Maritime Environment Protection Committee(MEPC72)finally formed and adopted the first initial strategy in shipping industry history to reduce shipping CO_2 and greenhouse gas emissions.For the shipping industry emission reduction targets that are of particular concern to the industry,there are three main conclusions:First,to further implement and     

船舶机损事故人误原因因素的层次分析法

基于认知系统工程分类方法，应用层次分析法构建了船舶机损事故人误原因因素结构模型，将成对比较矩阵的特征向量作为因素的权重，确定相关因素的影响力排序。给出了一种识别船舶机损事故中人误原因主要影响因素的实用方法，并针对性地提出相应预防措施，减少船舶机损事故提供可靠的理论依据。     

Economics of regulation in shipping

In this paper the author explores the nature and scope of social regulation in shipping comparing its nature with that of economic regulation per se. Whilst economic regulation affects liner shipping only, social regulation—impelled by a specific concern for health and environmental protection, rather than a desire for optimal resource allocation—effects all types of shipping. The legislation emerging from this has had important (and often overlooked)economic impact; focusing on the conditions, under which a carrier discharges his duties, these regulations may determine, to a greater or lesser degree, the levels of cost and service. He concludes that, whilst the concept of social regulation has a valid, humanitarian base, the cost of its implementation should not be underestimated.     

现代航运业发展与船舶配员减少引起的安全问题分析

由于现代航运业的发展与船舶配员减少等原因，海上船舶安全出现了新的问题。文中从船员疲劳、ISM规则实施以及公司追求利益等方面进行分析，提出了相应解决上述问题的意见和建议。     

德国海运业:政府有效支持

德国是当今世界主要海运国，也是我国船舶主要出口对象国之一。2002年中国船厂新承接的188艘、345.9万总吨出口船中，来自德国船东的达45艘、91.5万总吨,占总量的19.3％。而在同年新承接的29艘、268万总吨出口集装箱船中，出口德国的订单高达27艘26.2万总吨，占我国集装箱船出口量的98％，如按船舶出口额衡量我国出口船舶的五分之一是提供给德国船东的。剖析德国船舶市场状况，了解德国海运发展和大量订造新船的原因对于我国造船业界人士是非常必要的。     

中国经济拉动世界航运

当前,全球经济发展迟缓,各国政治龃龉不断,致使全球经济一体化进程减缓。而中国经济的持续升温,可谓一支强心剂,给世界经济和贸易注入了活力。据统计,2003年,中国进出口总额达到8512亿美元,跃居世界第四位。APL首席执行官RonWiddows更是一针见血地指出,航运业正逐渐认识到:中国已经成为主宰运输量增长的动力所在。     

通向航运业可持续发展的明天

挪威船级社（DNV）日前在上海召开了有关CSR（企业社会责任）的研讨会，DNV工业部大中国区总经理徐帅军先生以“企业社会责任战略规划”为报告主题，在概要描述了如何干组织内部实施CSR后，向航运界介绍了公司如何才能通过企业社会责任报告来披露公司的可持续发展情况，并强调可持续性发展将构成未来航运业的核心驱动力量。     

航运业实施HSEMS的必要性

发展HSEMS是改善航运业安全管理现状的需要,是与交叉行业实现多体系一体化的需要,是航运企业安全文化建设的需要,也是与船舶综合安全评估相结合的需要。强调预防为主、领导承诺、全员参与、教育培训和一体化管理思想,认为利用系统化预防管理机制、进行风险和环境影响评价、坚持持续改进的动态循环原则可确保HSEMS的有效实施。     

航运低谷中的制胜之策

由美国次贷危机引起的全球金融危机,对世界航运市场造成了重创.运价狂跌、货量剧减、人气骤降是这一时期的显著特点.而从航运业哀鸿遍野的现状来看,此次危机持续时间将至少在1～2年间.     

区域产业分工下上海航运业与金融业的高端整合

从区域间产业分工角度分析航运业和金融业的价值实现过程,以及这两个行业发展的内在机制与联系,提出上海在建设国际航运与金融中心背景下,应充分发挥城市主导产业对外的功能辐射作用,完善航运和金融企业对国际生产贸易活动的交易撮合服务,围绕物流和资金流对国际生产贸易活动中的各个环节进行高端整合,推动航运业与金融业联动发展,完善制度环境,增强上海的国际影响力。