Design Consideration and Reconstruction Method for Double-source Double-multislice Spiral CT

To accelerate the scan speed and improve the image quality, a new type of CT configuration, "double-source double-multislice spiral CT" (DSDMS-CT), which is based on two sets of single-source multislice spiral CT was proposed with a special reconstruction algorithm. Simulation results using the fan-beam filtered backprojection algorithm with a special interpolation method were presented for both single-source multislice spiral CT and DSDMS-CT. The results of new CT model show that it scans faster than the traditional spiral CT and has a better slice sensitivity profile (SSP) with larger pitch value.     

CT reconstruction with priori MRI images through multi-group datasets expansion

Computed tomography (CT) reconstruction with a well-registered priori magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image can improve reconstruction results with low-dose CT, because well-registered CT and MRI images have similar structures. However, in clinical settings, the CT image of patients does not always match the priori MRI image because of breathing and movement of patients during CT scanning. To improve the image quality in this case, multi-group datasets expansion is proposed in this paper. In our method, multi-group CT-MRI datasets are formed by expanding CT-MRI datasets. These expanded datasets can also be used by most existing CT-MRI algorithms and improve the reconstructed image quality when the CT image of a patient is not registered with the priori MRI image. In the experiments, we evaluate the performance of the algorithm by using multi-group CT-MRI datasets in several unregistered situations. Experiments show that when the CT and priori MRI images are not registered, the reconstruction results of using multi-group dataset expansion are better than those obtained without using the expansion.     

Image series segmentation and improved MC algorithm

A semiautomatic segmentation method based on active contour is proposed for computed tomography （CT） image series. First, to get initial contour, one image slice was segmented exactly by C-V method based on Mumford-Shah model. Next, the computer will segment the nearby slice automatically using the snake model one by one. During segmenting of image slices, former slice boundary, as next slice initial contour, may cross over next slice real boundary and never return to right position. To avoid contour skipping over, the distance variance between two slices is evaluated by an threshold, which decides whether to initiate again. Moreover, a new improved marching cubes （MC） algorithm based on 2D images series segmentation boundary is given for 3D image reconstruction. Compared with the standard method, the proposed algorithm reduces detecting time and needs less storing memory. The effectiveness and capabilities of the algorithm were illustrated by ,experimental results.     

用重节点差商法求解埃尔米特插值函数

为了求三次埃尔米特插值函数，采用重节点差商的方法，得到了类似于牛顿插值的结果．与Lagrange插值基函数法相比，本方法十分简便．就一般情况给出了三次埃尔米特插值函数的误差公式，并介绍了误差公式的证明方法．     

高速公路改扩建时机决策方法

为了提高高速公路的通行能力,改善高速公路的服务水平,提出选择高速公路改扩建最佳时机的决策方法。分析了高速公路收费站的交通量统计数据,利用趋势外推法、多元线性回归法和增长系数法预测出高速公路未来年的交通量,根据预测交通量计算的服务水平构建出改扩建时机决策的触发点机制。当某年高速公路实际发生交通量与道路设计交通量相等时,该年为高速公路改扩建的最佳时机。计算结果表明:2011年西宝高速公路服务水平为1.0,此年应进行改扩建,这与西宝高速公路实际改扩建时机吻合,因此,改扩建时机决策方法可靠。     

基于生成式对抗网络的路网交通流数据补全方法

交通信息的完整性直接影响着城市交通管理的效率.针对城市道路交通中因路段检测器覆盖不全或设备损坏等造成的流量检测数据缺失问题,本文提出基于生成式对抗网络 (Generative Adversarial Network,GAN)算法的交通流量数据补全方法.首先,以路段实际流量为基础,进行图像化处理生成路网二维信息图;其次,计算考虑时空信息补偿的路网关联矩阵,利用GAN算法分析并实现路网二维信息图缺失部分的补全,进而得到路段交通流量的完整数据;最后,利用实际数据,对比分析了本文方法与相空间重构的卡尔曼滤波方法对缺失数据的补全情况.实例分析结果验证了本文方法的可行性和有效性.     

Face Hallucination with Weighted Nuclear Norm Constraint

Face hallucination via patch-pairs leaning based methods has been wildly used in the past several years. Some position-patch based face hallucination methods have been proposed to improve the representation power of image patch and obtain the optimal regressive weighted vector. The rationale behind the position-patch based face hallucination is the fact that human face is always highly structured and consequently positioned and it plays an increasingly important role in the reconstruction. However, in the existing position-patch based methods, the probe image patch is usually represented as a linear combination of the corresponding patches of some training images, and the reconstruction residual is usually measured using the vector norm such as 1-norm and 2-norm. Since the vector norms neglect two-dimensional structures inside the residual, the final reconstruction performance is not very satisfactory. To cope with this problem, we present a weighted nuclear-norm constrained sparse coding (WNCSC) model for position-patch based face hallucination. In addition, an efficient algorithm for the WNCSC is developed using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) and the method of augmented Lagrange multipliers (ALM). The advantages of the proposed model are twofold: in order to fully make use of low-rank structure information of the reconstruction residual, the weighted nuclear norm is applied to measure the residual matrix, which is able to alleviate the bias between input patches and training data, and it is more robust than the Euclidean distance (2-norm); the more flexible selection method for rank components can determine the optimal combination weights and adaptively choose the relevant and nearest hallucinated neighbors. Finally, experimental results prove that the proposed method outperforms the related state-of-the-art methods in both quantitative and visual comparisons.     

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交通流预测分析已成为智能交通的核心研究内容之一。依据混沌时间序列分析方法,建立了短时交通流的预测模型。在对实测的交通流数据进行相空间重构的基础上,综合考虑欧氏距离和均等系数,提出了最邻近点的两步优化选择方法,并采用了局部多项式拟合方法对所选取的最邻近点进行逼近以求得预测公式。本文将此方法运用于东莞东江大道流量预测,比较预测流量和实测流量,得出最大相对误差为0.445％,最小相对误差为0.038％,且单步预测时间仅为38.52秒。结果表明,该预测模型具有较高的精度,同时也能够满足实时性的要求。     

多视点标定图像的交替迭代度量重建方法

提出了一种针对相机内部参数已标定的多视点图像交替迭代度量重建方法.该方法以目标空间中重建的3D点到匹配特征点的反投影线间的距离作为重建误差的测度,使误差函数形式上更简洁且具有明确的几何意义.重建过程通过对相机外部参数中的旋转矩阵、平移量和3D重建点交替迭代完成,其中平移量和3D点一起估计,避免了它们与旋转矩阵中的元素间的尺度差异引起的数值偏差.利用合成数据和真实图像的计算分析均表明本文方法有较高的重建精度,具有实用性.     

Simulation Study on Multi-Rate Time-Frequency Analysis of Non-Stationary Signals

A new time-frequency analysis method is proposed in this study using a multi-rate signal decomposition technique for the analysis of non-stationary signals. The method uses a multi-rate filter bank for an improved non-stationary signal decomposition treatment, and uses the Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD) analysis for signal reconstruction. The method presented in this study can effectively resolves the time and frequency resolution issue for non-stationary signal analysis and the cross-term issue typically encountered in time-frequency analysis. The feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method are evaluated and verified in a numerical simulation.     

Short-Time Traffic Flow Prediction Based on Chaos Time Series Theory

Traffic flow prediction has become a kernel study in intelligent transportation system. A prediction model of short-time traffic flow is presented based on chaotic time series analysis method. After the phase space reconstruction using traffic flow data, a two-step optimized selection method is proposed, which considers Euclidean distance and equal coefficient between neighboring point and predicted point. Then the prediction model is educed with the local polynomial method to approximate the neighboring points. The model proposed in this paper is applied to predict the real traffic flow in Dongjiang road, Dongguan city in Guangdong province, China. Comparing the predicted traffic flow value with the flow measured in reality, the results show that the maximal relative error is 0.445%, whereas, the minimal one is 0.038%. Moreover, the single-step forward prediction only requires 38.52 seconds. As a result, it is proved that the method can significantly improve the prediction accuracy and meet the requirement of the real-time prediction.     

正交各向异性应力应变场的重构方法

在固体实验力学重构方法的基础上，推导出重构正交各向异性应力应变场的计算公式，并对数值计算的处理方法进行了研究，为这类问题的数值计算提供了一条可借鉴的途径。     

MUTUAL INFORMATION BASED 3D NON-RIGID REGISTRATION OF CT/MR ABDOMEN IMAGES

Introduction　　 Automating medical image registration is be-coming an increasingly important goal. It formsthe basis of image processing techniques to com-bine information from the different modalities,which are now frequently acquired for many pa-tients. Such combined representations of patientimages have been shown to assistin the interpreta-tion of the complementary information provided bythe modalities[1,2 ] .　　 A variety of imaging modalities gives insightto different parameters and in…     

An Iterative Algorithm for Computed Tomography Image Reconstruction from Limited-Angle Projections

In application of tomography imaging, limited-angle problem is a quite practical and important issue.In this paper, an iterative reprojection-reconstruction(IRR) algorithm using a modified Papoulis-Gerchberg(PG)iterative scheme is developed for reconstruction from limited-angle projections which contain noise. The proposed algorithm has two iterative update processes, one is the extrapolation of unknown data, and the other is the modification of the known noisy observation data. And the algorithm introduces scaling factors to control the two processes, respectively. The convergence of the algorithm is guaranteed, and the method of choosing the scaling factors is given with energy constraints. The simulation result demonstrates our conclusions and indicates that the algorithm proposed in this paper can obviously improve the reconstruction quality.     

基于谱分析的路段行程时间多步预测方法

路段多步行程时间预测数据是动态交通诱导系统的重要参数,但已有研究成果,大多集中于一步预测,且存在适应性不强、计算量大、基础数据需求多等不足.应用谱分析及Karhunen-Loeve（K-L）变换对历史及当前检测行程时间序列进行分解与重构,重构时以历史序列与当前检测序列的欧式距离作为相似性度量指标,优化重构时的特征向量系数,使与当前检测序列相似度高的历史序列信息在重构中占据主要地位,通过重构,实现对后续若干时段的行程时间的预测,实测数据检验显示该方法可实现多步预测,预测精度良好,较以往方法有所提高,且历史数据需求量小,计算量小.     

Segmentation of haustral folds and polyps on haustral folds in CT colonography using complementary geodesic distance transformation

Computer-aided detection （CAD） for CT colonography refers to a scheme that automatically detects polyps in CT images of colon. Current CAD schemes already have a relatively high sensitivity and a low false positive rate. However, misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis are still common to happen, mainly due to the existence of haustral folds （HFs）. An innovative idea of segmenting semilunar HFs from the smooth colonic wall and then using different methods to detect polyps on HFs and those on the smooth colonic wall is proposed in this paper to reduce the false positives and false negatives caused by HFs. For the polyps on HFs, a novel segmentation method is specially developed based on complementary geodesic distance transformation （CGDT）. The proposed method is tested on four different models and real CT data, The property of CGDT is proved and our method turns out to be effective for HF segmentation and polyp segmentation. The encouraging experimental results primarily show the feasibility of the proposed method and its potential to improve the detection performance of CAD schemes.     

基于秩最小化矩阵去噪的船舶轨迹重构方法

针对船舶自动识别系统(Automatic Identification System，AIS)在实际应用中存在错误数据频发、数据丢包等问题，本文提出一种基于秩最小化矩阵去噪的船舶轨迹重构方法，利用去噪实现轨迹重构，同时，实现对轨迹的去噪和缺失补全。该方法通过线性插值实现经度对齐，将轨迹数据转化为轨迹矩阵，从而补全轨迹中的缺失值。由于补全结果存在非常大的误差，因此，引入 PLR(Patch-Based Low-Rank Minimization)算法去噪，消除误差。同时，为进一步提升补全效果，通 过2D-VMD(Two-Dimensional Variational Mode Decomposition)算法将矩阵分解为不同频率的IMF (Intrinsic Mode Function)，并分别进行PLR去噪，合并去噪结果，得到最终重构后轨迹。本文以长江武汉段水域船舶AIS轨迹为研究对象，通过实验证明该方法在不同缺失比例以及随机缺失和连续缺失两种情境下具有鲁棒性和较强的稳定性；并与 HALRTC(High-Accuracy Low-Rank Tensor Completion)、TRMF(Temporal Regularized Matrix Factorization)等方法进行比较，结果表明， 该方法相较于HALRTC等方法具有更高的精度，并在高损失率下表现出较好的重构效果。     

基于车载连续序列图像的道路曲率计算方法

提出一种基于车载连续序列图像的道路曲率计算方法.算法首先利用车载视 觉系统进行内外参数标定实现对路面车道线的三维重建,利用三维重建误差模型对重建 的数据点进行误差估计,并对数据点进行选弃.对序列图像中路面车道线重建出来的曲线 采用ICP 算法进行曲线匹配,并将匹配后的曲线映射到统一的参考坐标系中.最后利用匹 配曲线上的数据点进行圆周拟合,计算道路曲率.实验中利用真实的车载连续序列图像对 算法进行验证.针对曲率半径分别为96 m和430 m两段不同程度的弯道,利用本文算法计 算对应道路的曲率半径.结果表明,本文算法能够精确地计算出不同弯道的道路曲率,特 别是针对平缓弯道的曲率计算,比基于单幅图像的曲率计算方法更加准确与稳定.     

A Combined Speaker Adaptation Method for Mandarin Speech Recognition

A speaker adaptation method that combines transformation matrix linear interpolation with maximum a posteriori (MAP) was proposed. Firstly this method can keep the asymptotical characteristic of MAP. Secondly,as the method uses linear interpolation with several speaker-dependent (SD) transformation matrixes, it can fully use the prior knowledge and keep fast adaptation. The experimental results show that the combined method achieves an 8.24% word error rate reduction with only one adaptation utterance, and keeps asymptotic to the performance of SD model for large amounts of adaotation data.     

An improved method of detecting chaotic motion for rotor-bearing systems

Based on reconstructing the phase space and calculating the largest Lyapunov exponent, an improved method of detecting chaotic motion is presented for rotor-bearing systems. The method is an improvement to the Wolf method and the Rosenstein algorithm. The improved method introduces the correlation integral function method to estimate the embedding dimension and the reconstruction delay simultaneously, and it makes tracks for the evolutions of every pair of the nearest neighbors to improve the utilization of the reconstructed phase space. Numerical calculation and experimental verification show that the improved method can estimate the proper reconstruction parameters and detect chaotic motion of rotor-bearing systems accurately. In addition, the analytical results show that the current approach is robust to variations of the embedding dimension and the reconstruction delay, and it is applicable to small data sets.