结构刚度变化对箱式超大型浮体结构水弹性响应的影响

结构刚度改变会导致结构固有频率变化和结构广义刚度的变化。必然会对结构在波浪中的水弹性响应产生影响，本文在某箱式超大型浮体结构单位幅值正弦规则波和不规则波水弹性响应计算的基础上，假定结构质量分布不变，研究了结构刚度变化对箱式超大型浮体结构水弹性响应的影响。得到了一些有价值的结论。     

超大型浮体的水弹性响应分析

针对海上超大型浮体与波浪相互作用这一流固耦合问题,把超大型浮体简化为二维薄板,应用特征函数展开法求解流场速度势,采用正弦模态函数对结构运动进行模态展开分析,计算浮体的水弹性响应。     

近岛礁超大型浮体水弹性响应研究

文章将Boussinesq方程和格林函数法相结合,提出了一种新的用于计算布放在岛礁附近的超大型浮体水弹性响应的数值方法。应用该方法,计算了超大型浮体的运动响应和连接器载荷,并与水池试验的实测值进行了对比。文中的研究内容可为后续的超大型浮体的结构和连接器的设计和安全性评估打下基础。     

超大型浮体结构极限强度研究综述

随着世界人口的迅速增长、内陆资源的枯竭和世界经济的可持续发展,人类逐步加大了海洋资源开发和空间利用能力的投入力度.超大型浮体结构是近几十年来海洋利用中备受关注的海洋结构之一.尽管对超大型浮体进行了广泛的研究,但仍有许多关键技术需要解决,超大型浮体结构的极限承载力就是关键技术之一.本文首先给出了经典的超大型浮体结构构型,其次针对文中的构型给出其载荷特性,然后总结分析了超大型浮体的极限强度计算方法以及试验研究,最后对超大型浮体结构极限强度研究的进展进行了讨论.     

超大型浮体结构考虑非线性项的波浪力响应计算

为求解超大型浮体结构波浪响应问题,将其简化成弹性梁板模型。以有限元软件为基础来建立超大型浮体结构的弹性梁板模型,在势流理论的基础上,将速度势分解为入射势、绕射势和辐射势三部分,并利用格林函数法推导出一阶、二阶波浪速度势的表达式。以此为理论基础,编制了相应的计算程序来计算浮体结构所受到的二阶波浪力,最后建立了梁板模型的水弹性响应方程,对非线性波浪力作用下的浮体结构的水弹性响应进行求解分析,并分析了波向对响应振幅的影响。     

预报超大型浮体水弹性响应的模态函数展开方法和特征函数展开方法比较

超大型海洋浮式结构物对于开发海洋资源和利用海洋空间有着很大的实用价值，目前国际海洋工程界已掀起了研究超大型浮式结构物的热潮。如何计算浮体结构在波浪中的水弹性响应是设计过程中的一个非常重要的技术问题。Wu，C．，Watanabe，E．and Utsunomiya，T．(1995)提出了利用平板模态函数展开方法预报超大型浮体的水弹性响应；Kim，J．w．and Ertekin，R．C．(1998)提出利用特征函数展开方法预报超大型浮体的水弹性响应。本文对这两种方法进行了系统的比较，分别根据这两种方法计算了浮体结构的挠曲变形及弯矩、剪力的分布，并辐讨了不同参数对于水弹性响应的影响。     

箱式超大型浮体水弹性分析的弹性地基梁法

如何快速而精确地估计箱式超大型浮体在波浪中的水弹性响应是设计中需要解决的一个重要问题。在所提出的各种简化分析方法中，弹性地基梁模型是最简单的。本文选择了四种弹性地基梁模型进行比较研究。它们分别称为S_Y_BOEF,T_BOEF,S_BOEF和A_BOEF模型。通过研究发现，由Suzuki和Yoshida提出的S_Y_BOEF模型显得太保守而不适合于实际应用，而其它三种模型是能够合理地估计箱式超大型浮体的水弹性响应的。相比而言，由S_BOEF模型延伸出的A_BOEF模型从概念上的一致性和精度方面都是最好的。弹性地基梁模型的最大优点是简单，可以很方便地在工程设计中应用。     

箱式超大型浮体在不平底部海域中的水弹性响应

采用作者们(2007)提出的函数展开法描述箱式超大型浮体漂浮在不平底部海域中的水弹性响应问题.将速度势沿静水面位置展开,其系数是水平位置的函数.根据速度势满足拉普拉斯方程就可将这些系数简化到只有两个未知函数.海底条件和平板动力学方程或联合的自由面条件可以分别在Ⅰ区和Ⅱ区建立两个方程用于确定这两个未知函数.不同区域的解要在公共界面上进行匹配.在求解水弹性问题时,展开法必须要截断,从原理上来说,保留的项数越多,其解可以适用于更高阶的kh,其中k是波数,h是水深.作为一个例子,文中给出了只保留一项的结果,而这正好是人们所熟悉的浅水方程.     

一种基于离散模块的浮体水弹性响应预报方法

文章基于传统的多体水动力学和有限元方法,将连续的浮体离散为由有限个弹性梁元连接的刚体子模块,各个模块不仅受到相邻模块的水动力的干扰,同时还受到为保证结构连续性而引入的等效连接梁的作用,从而建立了一种新的可以用于求解浮体水弹性响应的数值方法。采用文中的数值计算方法,对一个箱形的超大型浮体的水弹性响应进行了研究。并通过与传统的水弹性方法计算结果的对比,证明了文中的方法的正确性和可靠性。该文的数值计算方法可为以后非均匀海洋环境下浮式结构物的水弹性响应计算提供依据。     

超大型浮体结构在规则波中的水弹性响应理论研究

介绍颇具先进性和强大处理功能的三维水弹性计算程序，它能开展近似于实际复杂海域环境下的不同类型的超大型浮体结构(VLFS)水弹性响应分析。为了阐明它的功能，进行了两个试算。首先计算了刚性和重量变化下的不对称超大浮体，然后进行了不同水深时的分析处理。通过与Utsunomiya的相应水弹性响应分析的比较，证实了它的适用性。最后还对实际超大浮体模型，进行了计及防浪堤影响下的1000m级超大浮体第二段模型的模拟计算，获得了合理的水动力性能。另一个试算是对长4770m、最宽处达2055m的东京湾机场模型的模拟计算。模拟结果显示了VLFS的特有水弹性性能，其结果与相似的超大矩形板极为吻合，从而证实了该程序的实际应用计算的可行性。由此证明了该程序对于大范围真实的VLFS的适用性。结论是：本文所提供的三维水弹性响应程序，不失为以实际超大型浮体结构为对象的一个强有力的应用设计工具。     

On the dispersion relation of hydroelastic waves in a plate

This paper deals with the dispersion relation of hydroelastic waves in pontoon-type very large floating structures (VLFS) using a simple beam modeling, where the term hydroelastic waves means propagation of deflection vibrations in VLFS. The purpose of this paper is to show the properties of the hydroelastic waves. The dispersion relation of hydroelastic waves propagating in an infinite plate floating on the water is derived based on the linear water wave theory. The effects of the water depth and of the bending rigidity of the floating plate on the wavelength, phase velocity, and group velocity of the hydroelastic waves are shown theoretically or numerically. Then, the dispersion relation of hydroelastic waves in a finite plate floating on shallow water is investigated. It is shown that the wavelength or the phase velocity of the hydroelastic waves varies with the location in the plate. Received for publication on April 7, 1999; accepted on Aug. 20, 1999     

On the hydroelastic responses of a very large floating structure in waves

New numerical methods are presented for hydroelastic analyses of a very large floating structure (VLFS) of several kilometers length and width. Several methods are presented that accelerate computation without an appreciable loss of accuracy. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed methods are validated through comparisons with other numerical results as well as with existing experimental results. After confirming the effectiveness of the methods presented, various characteristics of the hydroelastic behavior of VLFSs are examined, using the proposed methods as numerical tools. Received for publication on Dec. 3, 1999; accepted on Dec. 15, 1999     

Transient responses of a VLFS during landing and take-off of an airplane

The transient elastic deformation of a pontoon-type very large floating structure (VLFS) caused by the landing and take-off of an airplane is computed by the time-domain mode-expansion method. The memory effects in hydrodynamic forces are taken into account, and great care is paid to numerical accuracy in evaluating all the coefficients appearing in the simultaneous differential equations for the elastic motion of a VLFS. The time-histories of the imparted force and the position and velocity of an airplane during landing and take-off are modeled with data from a Boeing 747-400 jumbo jet. Simulation results are shown of 3-D structural waves on a VLFS and the associated unsteady drag force on an airplane, which is of engineering importance, particularly during take-off. The results for landing show that the airplane moves faster than the structural waves generated in the early stage, and the waves overtake the airplane as its speed decreases to zero. The results for take-off are essentially the same as those for landing, except that the structural waves develop slowly in the early stage, and no obstacle exists on the runway after the take-off of airplane. The additional drag force on an airplane due to the elastic responses of the runway considered in this work was found to be small in magnitude.     

Overview: Research on hydroelastic responses of VLFS in complex environments

In the past several decades, extensive investigations have been carried out on the hydroelastic responses of Very Large Floating Structures (VLFS) in the deep open sea by researchers around the world. However, when tackling the hydroelastic problems of VLFS used as the protection and exploitation of marine resources near offshore and islands, the effects of complex environments, such as the seabed profile and inhomogeneous wave conditions should be taken into account. Based on the development history of VLFS and the process of classical hydroelasticity of VLFS, the research results of hydroelastic responses of VLFS in complex environments have been systematically summarized in this paper, so as to provide a basis for the further research.     

Analysis on the applicability of VLFS for China

With the advantages on rapid construction,no limitation of extent,less influence on environment, the VLFS has been turned into the focus of coastal and offshore engineering studying.As the platform,VLFS was built as airport,huge oil house etc,and would play the role of ocean economics,politics and military.The restrictive condition of VLFS is strong wave by monsoon,seismic,serious bomb etc.The floating breakwater should be put forward to shelter VLFS.The analysis of wave condition including typhoon route,archipelago and water depth is performed in this paper.The advantage and disadvantage are compared between VLFS and the marine structure from land.     

一种新型浮式单体结构设计及波浪稳定性试验研究

研究制作了一种抗风浪能力强,移动、拼接灵活、多用途、稳定性较好的新型超大型浮体码头模型。根据相关理论资料确定浮体码头的形状和尺寸,为验证其破浪稳定性,进行了初步模型试验研究。通过模型试验,得到了新型浮式单体结构相对危险的工况。实验结果表明：该种新型浮式单体结构的波浪稳定性要比传统的箱型结构好。     

基于直接计算方法的海上超大型浮式结构物单模块强度分析

海上超大型浮式结构是由若干个与半潜平台相似的浮体通过连接器相连而成的一种新型海上结构,目前对其结构强度分析较少。文章基于直接计算方法,采用SESAM/Hydro D进行超大浮体单模块水动力分析并预报其波浪载荷,进而调用SESAM/Sestra模块进行超大浮体总体强度有限元分析。分析表明,超大浮体的三个连接部位出现了较大应力集中。选取这三处连接部位作为关键节点,采用ANSYS计算该三处关键节点的局部强度。研究结果表明,在横撑与下浮体连接处总体和局部应力均最大,该部位是易产生疲劳破坏的部位,需要重点研究。     

Experimental study on responses of an 8-module VLFS considering different encounter wave conditions

For the very large floating structure (VLFS) which is deployed near seashores, islands and reefs, the encounter wave conditions are always extremely complex. Traditional methods using homogeneous wave environment conditions cannot be applied for the analysis. In order to provide references for the further development of numerical methods, this paper reports an experimental study on responses of an 8-module VLFS under three different encounter wave conditions. The wave heights, accelerations, motions and connector loads of VLFS in three test schemes are obtained and analyzed. The comparative results show that the inhomogeneous wave conditions have an essential influence on the responses of VLFS. Especially for the connector loads, the values in the inhomogeneous wave conditions increase a lot compared with the other two test schemes. It indicates the traditional numerical methods using homogeneous wave field may not guarantee a safe design of VLFS and its connectors in the complicated wave environments.