船舶SOFC燃料电池与汽轮机联合动力装置能效分析(英文)

Strong restrictions on emissions from marine power plants(particularly SOx,NOx)will probably be adopted in the near future.In this paper,a combined solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)and steam turbine fuelled by natural gas is proposed as an attractive option to limit the environmental impact of the marine sector.The analyzed variant of the combined cycle includes a SOFC operated with natural gas fuel and a steam turbine with a single-pressure waste heat boiler.The calculations were performed for two types of tubular and planar SOFCs,each with an output power of 18 MW.This paper includes a detailed energy analysis of the combined system.Mass and energy balances are performed not only for the whole plant but also for each component in order to evaluate the thermal efficiency of the combined cycle.In addition,the effects of using natural gas as a fuel on the fuel cell voltage and performance are investigated.It has been found that a high overall efficiency approaching 60%may be achieved with an optimum configuration using the SOFC system.The hybrid system would also reduce emissions,fuel consumption,and improve the total system efficiency.     

Research on H2 speed governor for diesel engine of marine power station

The frequency stability of a marine power system is determined by the dynamic characteristic of the diesel engine speed regulation system in a marine power station. In order to reduce the effect of load disturbances and improve the dynamic precision of a diesel engine speed governor, a controller was designed for a diesel engine speed regulation system using H2 control theory. This transforms the specifications of the system into a standard H2 control problem. Firstly, the mathematical model of a diesel engine speed regulation system using an H2 speed governor is presented. To counter external disturbances and model uncertainty, the design of an H2 speed governor rests on the problem of mixed sensitivity. Computer simulation verified that the H2 speed governor improves the dynamic precision of a system and the ability to adapt to load disturbances, thus enhancing the frequency stability of marine power systems.     

FEA for designing of floating raft shock-resistant system

Choosing the equipment with good shock-resistant performance and taking shock protection measures while designing the onboard settings, the safety of onboard settings can be assured when warships, especially submarine subjected to non-contact underwater explosion, that is, these means can be used to limit the rattlespace (i. e. , the maximum displacement of the equipment relative to the base) and the peak acceleration experienced by the equipment. Using shock-resistant equipments is one of shock protection means. The shock-resistant performance of the shock-resistant equipments should be verified in the design phase of the equipments. The FEA (finite element analysis) software, for example, MSC. NASTRANw, can be used to verify the shock-resistant performance. MSC. PATRAN and MSC. NASTRAN are used for modeling and analyzing the floating raft vibration isolating equipment. The model of the floating raft and the floating raft vibration isolating system are theoretically analyzed and calculated, and the analysis results are in agreement with the test results. The transient response analysis of the system model follows the modal analysis of the floating raft vibration isolating system. And it is used to verify the shock-resistant performance. The analysis and calculation method used in this paper can be used to analyze the shock-resistant performance of onboard shock-resistant equipments.     

振荡浮子式双浮体波浪能装置的阵列特性（英文）

As the energy supply problem worsens, the development and utilization of marine renewable energy have become a research hotspot. The development of wave energy is moving from the near shore to the distant sea. The power-generation efficiency of a single two-floating-body wave-energy converter is relatively low. To fully utilize wave energy and improve the wave-energy capture rate of a fixed sea area, arranging a two-floating-body wave-energy converter array is necessary. This paper first introduces the basic theory of multi-floating flow field, time-domain calculation method, and influence factor of the waveenergy converter array. Then, the development of AQWA software in Fortran language considers the effect of power takeoff.A calculation method based on ANSYS–AQWA is proposed to simulate the motion of the oscillating-buoy two-floating-body wave-energy converter. The results are compared with the experimental results from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.Finally, the ANSYS–AQWA method is used to study the power characteristics of simple and complex arrays of wave-energy converters. The average power generation of simple arrays is largest at 0°, and the average power generation of complex arrays does not change with the wave direction. Optimal layout spacing exists for the simple and complex arrays. These findings can serve as a valuable reference for the large-scale array layout of wave-energy converters in the future.     

漂浮式潮流电站系泊系统疲劳性能预报(英文)

As a kind of clean and renewable energy,tidal current energy is becoming increasingly popular all over the world with the shortage of energy and environmental problems becoming more and more severe.A floating tidal current power station is a typical type of tidal current power transformers which can sustain the loads of wind,waves,and current,and even the extreme situation of a typhoon.Therefore,the mooring system must be reliable enough to keep the station operating normally and to survive in extreme situations.The power station examined in this paper was installed at a depth of 40 m.A 44 mm-diameter R4-RQ4 chain was chosen,with a 2 147 kN minimum break strength and 50 kN pretension.Common studless link chain was used in this paper.Based on the Miner fatigue cumulative damage rule,S-N curves of chains,and MOSES software,a highly reliable mooring system was designed and analyzed.The calculation results show that the mooring system designed is reliable throughout a 10-year period.It can completely meet the design requirements of American Petroleum institution(API).Therefore,the presented research is significant for advancing the design of this kind of power station.     

采用蒸汽再加热的船用蒸汽推进装置冷凝加热系统的热力学分析（英文）

The thermodynamic(energy and exergy) analysis of a condensate heating system, its segments, and components from a marine steam propulsion plant with steam reheating is performed in this paper. It is found that energy analysis of any condensate heating system should be avoided because it is highly influenced by the measuring equipment accuracy and precision. All the components from the observed marine condensate heating system have energy destructions lower than 3 kW, while the energy efficiencies of this system are higher than 99%. The exergy efficiency of closed condensate heaters continuously increases from the lowest to the highest steam pressures(from 70.10% to 92.29%). The ambient temperature variation between 5 °C and 45 °C notably influences the exergy efficiency change of both low pressure heaters and the low pressure segment equal to 31.61%,12.37%, and 18.35%, respectively.     

Safety assessment for a side-by-side offloading mooring system

In order to improve the safety properties of an offloading system with side-by-side (SBS) mooring in which the FPSO is moored by a yoke system in the field of BZ25-1, it is necessary to analyze those properties. According to the experience of similar projects, tow strategies of different offloading arrangements were discussed by using the 3-D radiation/diffraction theory and quasi-static time domain method to assess their respective safety properties. Through the safety assessment analysis of different arrangement comparisons, various ways to improve the safety properties of offloading systems with side-by-side mooring were verified by analyzing the tension in the mooring lines and the fender deflection. Through comparison it can be concluded that by enlarging the key factors properly, including the size of the fenders and the hawsers as well as the number of hawsers, a better safety performance can be achieved.     

Parameter optimization and parametric deviation influence for shock resistance of double-stage vibration isolation system with limiters北大核心CSCD

［Objectives］For marine nuclear power plants, the relative displacement of the pump supported by a vibration isolation system should be strictly restricted. In order to improve the shock resistance of a vibration isolation system with displacement limiters, the parameter optimization and parametric deviation influence are studied. ［Methods］The theoretical model of a double-stage vibration isolation system with typical limiter parameters is established, the analysis of the shock response characteristics of the system is carried out using the direct integration method, the optimal limiter parameters are obtained using a genetic algorithm, and the influence of parameter deviation on the shock resistance of the system is studied. ［Results］Limiter parameters significantly affect the shock response characteristics of the vibration isolation system. The optimal limiter parameters improve the shock resistance of the system, but parameter deviation has a great influence on shock resistance. Based on the influence of parameter deviation, a deviation control strategy is proposed in which the elastic parameter should have a positive deviation and the gap parameter a negative deviation. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy can effectively alleviate the shock resistance degradation caused by deviation.［Conclusions］The results of this study can be used to guide the design, manufacturing and variation control of limiters for vibration isolation systems. © 2022 Journal of Clinical Hepatology. All rights reserved.     

A novel adaptive joint power control algorithm with channel estimation in a CDMA cellular system

Joint power control has advantages of multi-user detection and power control;and it can combat the multi-access interference and the near-far problem. A novel adaptive joint power control algorithm with channel estimation in a CDMA cellular system was designed. Simulation results show that the algorithm can control the power not only quickly but also precisely with a time change. The method is useful for increasing system capacity.     

浮式海上风力机运动性能和锚泊系统(英文)

The development of offshore wind farms was originally carried out in shallow water areas with fixed(seabed mounted) structures.However,countries with limited shallow water areas require innovative floating platforms to deploy wind turbines offshore in order to harness wind energy to generate electricity in deep seas.The performances of motion and mooring system dynamics are vital to designing a cost effective and durable floating platform.This paper describes a numerical model to simulate dynamic behavior of a new semi-submersible type floating offshore wind turbine(FOWT) system.The wind turbine was modeled as a wind block with a certain thrust coefficient,and the hydrodynamics and mooring system dynamics of the platform were calculated by SESAM software.The effect of change in environmental conditions on the dynamic response of the system under wave and wind loading was examined.The results indicate that the semi-submersible concept has excellent performance and SESAM could be an effective tool for floating wind turbine design and analysis.     

舰船动力系统数字孪生技术体系研究

[目的]为了实现数字孪生技术在舰船动力系统中的应用,针对舰船动力系统集成度高、全寿期研制特点,梳理在动力系统研制中应用数字孪生技术的技术路线。[方法]利用数字孪生技术的虚实融合与实时交互、迭代运行与优化、全要素与全流程数据驱动等优势,开展符合动力系统研制特点的数字孪生技术体系研究。[结果]经研究,构建了舰船动力系统中应用数字孪生的技术体系,包括规范、平台构建、关键技术、数字孪生体建设、集成验证与示范应用。[结论]研究成果可为舰船动力系统数字孪生技术示范应用及实践提供参考。     

高可靠性的船用多重冗余锂电池管理系统研发

以现有新能源为主、锂电池组为储能装置的船舶电力系统的锂电池管理系统为研究对象,针对其可靠性不高和不具备冗余特性而不适合船舶应用场合的问题,提出一种由双机主从与三线路传输共同构成的多重冗余方案,并根据马尔科夫过程理论对所设计的系统进行可靠性分析。试验结果表明,采用多重冗余方案的锂电池管理系统,除正常工作时能实时监视电池组状态信息外,故障时仍能选择不同冗余方式确保系统可靠工作,从而验证了所提出的具有高可靠特性的多重冗余方案的正确性与可行性。这种具有多重冗余高可靠性特性的锂电池管理系统,在新能源船舶中具有良好的应用前景。     

能量回馈型四象限电力电子负载在船舶电力系统动模试验中的应用

目前,随着船舶综合电力系统的发展,船用负载设备类型的增多导致目前交直流动模试验室无法真实模拟系统动态特性。为研究和分析能量回馈型四象限电力电子负载船舶电力系统动模试验的应用,本文通过分析四象限电力电子负载的拓扑结构和控制方式,在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台和动模试验室中分别进行了能量回馈型四象限电力电子负载相关功能试验。仿真和试验结果表明,能量回馈型四象限电力电子负载能够模拟不同类型的负载以及不同电压、功率等级的电源,并且在模拟负载时,能够将吸收的电能高效地反馈回电网,不仅可以提高工作效率,还能够起到节约电能的目的。     

智能船用充电机的软硬件设计

文中应用嵌入式系统技术,设计制作了一种新型的DC／DC变换器和智能充电机控制电路,对设计的电路进行了详细分析。测试结果表明,所设计的电路具有稳定性好,效率高、纹波小等优点,能广泛应用于船舶、汽车、通信等系统的充电装置中。     

船舶与岸电并网控制策略研究

岸电与靠港船舶并网控制技术是岸电的核心技术之一,能够实现岸电向船舶的不间断和稳定供电。针对传统岸电控制策略频率稳定性差和不能接受船舶能量管理系统调度的缺点,文章提出了一种基于改进下垂控制的岸电与船舶电网并网策略,使岸电逆变器在具有下垂特性的同时,还具有类似于船舶同步柴油发电机转子的惯性。岸电通过并网预同步控制与船舶电网并网,不会产生大的电流冲击。通过改进下垂控制能够有效提升并网后电压和频率的稳定性,提高船舶电网的电能质量,且能够接受船舶能量管理系统的调度。通过仿真试验,并与传统下垂控制策略进行对比,结果验证了改进下垂控制策略的有效性。     

基于PLC的船舶电站物理仿真综合模拟器的应用研究

船舶电站物理仿真综合模拟器是以第五代集装箱船5600TEU为基本仿真对象,以电站仿真系统组态软件PIMS为软件平台,采用PLC实现对自动化电站物理仿真综合模拟器的控制,提高现场数据的处理反应能力。操作者可同时在虚拟或物理面板上对模拟电站操作,操作过程数据全部保存在数据库中。     

New simplified approach to collapse analysis of stiffened plates

A new simplified model for collapse analysis of stiffened plates is developed in the framework of the idealized structural unit method (ISUM). By idealizing material and geometrical nonlinearities, larger structural units are defined as an element in ISUM than in conventional finite element analysis (FEA). The proposed stiffened plate model consists of ISUM plate elements and beam-column elements. The formulation of the plate element is performed by introducing accurate shape functions to simulate the buckling/plastic collapse behaviour of plate panels. Combining plate and beam-column elements allows for both local buckling of the plate panel and overall buckling of the stiffener.Fundamental collapse modes of plate panels and stiffened plates are investigated by conventional FEA. According to the observed characteristics, the new simplified model is formulated. Comparisons with FEA demonstrate the accuracy of the simplified model and its high applicability to typical stiffened plates in marine structures.     

具有电力系统稳定器的船舶发电机励磁设计

为改善船舶电力系统的稳定性能,提出了在具有自动电压调节器的船舶发电机励磁系统的基础上,加入电力系统稳定器的新方法.电力系统稳定器是通过进一步控制发电机励磁系统提高电力系统稳定性能.电力系统稳定器的信号输入采用了转速、频率或电功率,从而提高了系统的阻尼,这是一种提高小信号稳定性能行之有效的方法.通过对具有电力系统稳定器的船舶发电机励磁系统稳定性的分析和仿真,得到了比较满意的效果.     

基于船舶电力系统的光伏并网发电实验平台设计及评价

随着石油资源的枯竭和环保要求的不断提高,将太阳能光伏发电应用于船舶是目前绿色船舶发展的一个重要方向。将光伏电能与船舶电网进行并网运行是提高能源利用效率和电网可靠性的重要途径。针对船舶平台及其电网的典型特点,设计完善了一套能够开展光伏电能与船舶电网并网运行的实验平台。分别从实验平台的基本组成、运行模式和评价指标这三个方面进行了详细论述,对船用光伏并网系统的设计和研究提供了重要的依据。     

新型电源结构下船舶综合电力系统区域配电网技术

随着船舶行业技术逐渐向高端化发展的趋势,综合电力系统技术作为未来清洁高效环保的发展方向日益被重视.船舶电力系统的电源、配网、用能3部分相互影响,用能日益提高,电源部分的高密度、大容量要求严格,多相设计是满足目前电源大容量需求的主要途径.分析当前常用的配网结构,直流区域配电网技术具有结构适宜、安全性高的特点.结合区域配电的思想,本文提出配电网区域邻接矩阵负荷管理办法,对电网多级负荷的运行状态、负荷计算、能量管理及其网络重构进行分析,对飞轮储能系统进行分析,相比传统的邻矩阵算法,分区管理思路能够减少计算量,辅助能量管理系统提高船舶的管理效率.