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车辆正面碰撞中的耐撞性能仿真分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了评价汽车在正面碰撞事故中耐撞性能,应用HyperWorks仿真软件建立了车辆正面100%碰撞有限元模型。后处理利用HyperView对B柱下端加速度、A柱上部最大折弯角、前围板侵入量以及前门铰链变形量4项重要评价指标进行仿真分析,以此评估正面碰撞中车体的耐撞性能。结果表明:B柱下端最大加速度小于3ms合成加速度72g的要求,A柱上部最大折弯角对乘员伤害程度在允许范围内,前围板变形云图小范围超出目标值,前门铰链变形量不影响碰撞后车门的正常开启,车体耐撞性能良好。类比2017年C-NCAP实车正面碰撞结果,表明仿真试验具有较高的可信性,为车体耐撞性优化设计提供依据。 相似文献
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基于美国新车评价规程(US-NCAP)研究了碰撞减速度波形与乘员损伤的量化关系,建立了标准约束系统仿真模型,以一阶加速度G_1、二阶加速度G_2、动态位移D为车体结构设计指标,胸部压缩量为乘员损伤指标,分析获得了不同结构下乘员损伤指标变化规律:D不变的情况下,当G_1≤22g时,G1每增加1g,胸部压缩量降低2 mm,当G_122g时,其对胸部压缩量影响较小;G_1不变时,D每增加10 mm,胸部压缩量降低1 mm。以量化关系预测为基准,在某车型胸部压缩量优化过程中对量化关系进行了验证,结果表明,该模型预测精度为98%。 相似文献
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车体“刚度”在正面碰撞中对人体伤害影响的研究 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
将汽车B柱加速度曲线反映的车体碰撞性能定义为车体"刚度",对车体"刚度"在实车碰撞中对假人伤害的传递过程及台车试验中复现的精度对假人伤害结果的影响进行了研究.通过对"刚度"在正面碰撞试验中对假人运动的影响分析和对骨盆受力情况的分析,指出了试验中假人对车体的相对加速度曲线是一近似正弦波.同时,进行了车体"刚度"曲线在台车试验中的应用研究,指出了在台车试验中应复现的最佳曲线及校核方法. 相似文献
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车体结构正面碰撞的加速度与乘员损伤之间存在着密切的联系。根据实际的碰撞加速度曲线的特点,建立“尖顶等效方波”模型,研究尖顶等效方波的特征参数影响人体损伤响应的规律,从而指导客车正面碰撞安全性的结构优化。 相似文献
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为了探讨不同类型偏置碰撞下驾驶员腿部伤害的差异性,本文在对C-NCAP40%偏置碰撞及IIHS 25%小偏置碰撞两种不同类型偏置碰撞试验的试验工况、假人腿部评价指标进行介绍的基础上,对某乘用车车型在上述两种试验下驾驶员的腿部伤害指标进行了对比研究,并从碰撞力的传递路径对其结果进行了分析。结果表明:由于碰撞中车身与壁障重叠率的不同导致不同的碰撞力传递路径,最终导致车身变形的差异。其中,25%小偏置碰撞对车身的破坏程度极大,试验后驾驶员侧的A柱严重变形,车身结构大量侵入到车内生存空间,故其假人腿部伤害值大于另外两种正面碰撞,尤其是驾驶员左腿伤害值。优化车身前端结构,增加A柱强度,最大程度保证驾驶舱腿部生存空间,才能有效提高小偏置碰撞中乘员的安全性能。 相似文献
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论文针对纯电动车与传统燃油车在造型和布置上的差异化特点带来的车身正碰框架中的设计难点和痛点,提出了一套完整、可行且有效的主体铝制量产正碰车身框架结构设计方法,此方法专门针对纯电动布置进行实体建模和正碰工况下的拓补优化设计,制定正碰主体铝材料结构设计方案,以实现吸能效率的提升,保障乘员舱的安全可靠性,同时兼顾轻量化和共线约束。基于CAE和试验验证结果,此设计车身各正碰指标均满足C-NCAP五星碰撞结构要求,比对ODB下的整车乘员伤害得分也满足相关要求,说明其可行有效性,为同类型车型的开发提供参考和指导。 相似文献
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Radu Alexandru Ionut Cofaru Corneliu Tolea Bogdan 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2017,18(6):1017-1025
The aim of the paper was to determine the kinematic parameters that influence the occupant injury risk through a mathematical model. The developed model is a 2D model composed of 4 bodies (2 vehicles, thorax and head). The head and thorax are interconnected with a rotation joint and a torsion spring meant to stiffen the relative movement between the bodies. The thorax is connected with the vehicle body by a linear spring meant to simulate the seatbelt stiffness. The model was solved using Lagrange principle and the validation of the model was made through a crash test performed using the same initial conditions and comparing the obtained values of the displacement, velocity and acceleration parameters with the ones obtained with the mathematical model. The head and torso were chosen due to the fact that they are the common parts of the body that get injured, especially the head with the change of 80 % to cause fatal injury in car’s frontal collision. Once the model was validated, the stiffness of the seatbelt was modified in order to determine the behavior of the occupant in case of car frontal collisions. When the seatbelt stiffness was reduced, the occupant displacement and velocity increased, while by increasing the stiffness, these parameters decreased. The values of the developed model presented a high degree of similarity with the results obtained from the crash test with an error of 10 %. This model can be used by engineers to easily asses the occupant injury risk in case of vehicle frontal collisions. 相似文献
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阐述了侧面碰撞评价性能指标,并给出了侧碰过程中典型的3种B柱变形模式。针对电动车与传统车的区别,分析了电动车与传统车在侧碰过程中车身损毁程度的不同和对假人造成伤害的不同。通过对某款电动车具体的侧碰分析和实车验证,指出了其B柱变形模式不好,容易对假人胸部造成伤害,接着剖析车身结构,提出改善方案,对B柱中上部结构进行加强,对其底部进行减弱。再次进行仿真分析验证,证实了改进方案的合理性。 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(10):1467-1488
This paper investigates the potential benefits of an imminent collision prediction system for improving occupant protection in a frontal automotive crash. Knowledge of an impending unavoidable crash is assumed to be known 100 ms before the crash occurs. A three dof human occupant model is developed using a Lagrangian approach to represent occupant translation with respect to seat, torso rotation and neck rotation. The performance of traditional elastic seat belts is compared with that of an analytically calculated seat belt law in which the force values are calculated in real-time so as to just prevent collision with car interior. Simulations verify that the analytical seat belt force calculation results in less force on occupant for the same level of safety. Furthermore, results show that knowledge of a future collision can be used to pre-tension seat belts but can provide no additional benefits, if seat belts are the only means for active occupant protection. However, if seat tilt-back can be deployed using an on–off mechanism, such predictive knowledge of a future collision can provide significantly improved occupant protection in terms of preventing occupant collision with car interior. 相似文献
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随着中国新车评价规程C-NCAP 2021版和中国保险汽车安全指数C-IASI 2018的正式实施,市场对乘用车的全正面刚性壁障(Front Rigid Barrier, FRB)、50%移动渐进可变形壁障(Moving Progressive Deformable Barrier, MPDB)、25%小偏置刚性壁障(Small Overlap Rigid Barrier, SORB)和行人保护有了严格的检测标准。为此,汽车厂商和汽车设计研究机构都在寻找各方面(性能/质量/成本/空间/整车尺寸等)相对均衡的方案。根据碰撞的方向和位置的不同,车体可以分为前端、后端和侧端,针对乘用车前端碰撞密切相关的前端车体架构,在深入研究国内、国外汽车公司和研究机构的做法及建议的基础上,结合实车的仿真和试验,进行分析、探讨。 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2007,45(10):969-980
A traffic accident is a complex phenomenon with vehicles and human beings involved. During a collision, the vehicle occupant is exposed to substantial loads, which can cause the occupant injuries that depend on the level of passive safety, as well as on the occupant's individual characteristics. Correct estimation of injury severity demands a validated human body model and known impact conditions. A human body modelling procedure for the purpose of accident analysis is introduced. The occupant body has been modelled as a multibody system with rigid body segments connected. Geometrical and inertial properties of individual body segments were estimated using computed tomography. Frontal impact conditions were simulated on a sled test facility, while the human body dynamic response was measured. Comparison of experimental data and computer simulation revealed an influence of joint resistive properties on the occupant motion in collisions. The difference between measured and simulated response was minimised using optimisation method. Individualised human body modelling procedure enabled better prediction of the occupant motion during vehicle collision and thus more precise estimation of possible injuries in real-life traffic accidents. 相似文献
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随着汽车安全性能要求越来越高,自动紧急制动系统(Autonomous Emergency Braking,AEB)等主动安全配置在汽车上应用越来越广泛。本文针对碰撞前车辆AEB功能的启用对汽车被动安全阶段(100%正面碰撞,FRB)假人离位及损伤可能产生的影响进行探索研究。研究结果表明:AEB启动自动紧急制动功能,乘员假人的头部、颈部、胸部、骨盆部位会相对车辆有一定的前倾运动。并且车辆AEB自动紧急制动功能启动的情况下发生100%正面碰撞,驾驶员损伤值的增高均早于碰撞前车辆未配备AEB功能车辆驾驶员的损伤值,且最高损伤值小于碰撞前车辆未配备AEB功能车辆驾驶员的损伤值,对于骨盆部位则影响不大。碰撞前AEB自动紧急制动系统功能的启用会导致假人有一定的前倾离位,但不一定导致碰撞后假人损伤最高值的增大。 相似文献