基于三次样条插值的船舶邦戎曲线计算

以船舶型值表为基础,利用三次样条插值函数近似船体曲线,然后用Simpson积分法得出船舶邦戎曲线,提高了邦戎曲线的精度.详细介绍了该方法的计算机算法,并用C#高级编程语言进行了编程计算.     

Shape optimization of bow bulbs with minimum wave-making resistance based on Rankine source method

The hull form optimization concerns one of the most important applications of wave-making resistance theories. In recent years, scholars can determine the hull form by using the optimization method based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and other mathematical techniques. In this paper, the hull form optimization method based on the Rankine source method and nonlinear programming (NLP) is discussed; in the optimization process, a hull form modification function is introduced to represent an improved hull surface and to generate a new smooth hull surface by changing its frame lines and bow stem profiles under the prescribed design constraints. Numerical example is given for a practical container hull form. Finally, shape optimization of bow bulls is shown for non-protruding and protruding bow bulls. This study presents a simplified and practical design method to the select frame lines of bow bulls.     

基于非线性规划法的最小阻力船型优化设计

为了获得阻力性能优良船型,以兴波阻力理论为基础,利用非线性规划法并结合CAD技术研究最小阻力船型的优化设计.以总阻力为目标函数,总阻力用兴波阻力和平板摩擦阻力之和来表达,设计变量取船型修改函数的参数,在保证必要的排水量为基本约束条件下,选取Wigley船型为初始船型,分别对船体的首部和全船线型进行优化设计.通过将改良船型的阻力性能、船体线型和基于Michell积分法的优化计算结果相比较,证实了在相同的设计参数和约束条件下,采用Rankine源法进行船型优化结果更可靠.     

Ship appearance optimal design on RCS reduction using response surface method and genetic algorithms

Radar cross section (RCS) reduction technologies are very important in survivability of the militarynaval vessels. Ship appearance shaping as an effective countermeasure of RCS reduction redirects the scatteredenergy from one angular region of interest in space to another region of little interest. To decrease the scatteringelectromagnetic signals from ship scientifically, optimization methods should be introduced in shaping design.Based on the assumption of the characteristic section design method, mathematical formulations for optimalshaping design were established. Because of the computation-intensive analysis and singularity in shapingoptimization, the response surface method (RSM) combined genetic algorithm (GA) was proposed. The poly-nomial response surface method was adopted in model approximation. Then genetic algorithms were employedto solve the surrogate optimization problem. By comparison RCS of the conventional and the optimal design,the superiority and effectiveness of proposed design methodology were verified.Ky words: radar cross section (RCS); characteristic section design method; response surface method; genetic algorithm (GA) was proposed. The polynomial response surface method was adopted in model approximation. Then genetic algorithms were employed to solve the surrogate optimization problem. By comparison RCS of the conventional and the optimal design, the superiority and effectiveness of proposed design methodology were verified.     

基于人工神经网络的船型设计与阻力预报

船舶阻力与船体形状之间的关系是复杂的非线性关系,在实际设计中预报船舶阻力的方法一般主要有经验公式法和CFD方法.从打破传统方法的局限性和避免CFD计算的高成本出发,考虑人工神经网络理论对处理非线性复杂问题具有良好的适应性,采用RBF神经网络,试图为不同设计阶段的需要提出新的船型设计方法,并建立了相应的船型-阻力性能预测模型.通过实际数据验证了此方法的可行性和实用性.     

Research on the Optimization Approach for Cargo Oil Tank Design Based on the Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Based on the improved particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm,an optimization approach for the cargo oil tank design(COTD) is presented in this paper.The purpose is to design an optimal overall dimension of the cargo oil tank(COT) under various kinds of constraints in the preliminary design stage.A non-linear programming model is built to simulate the optimization design,in which the requirements and rules for COTD are used as the constraints.Considering the distance between the inner shell and hull,a fuzzy constraint is used to express the feasibility degree of the double-hull configuration.In terms of the characteristic of COTD,the PSO algorithm is improved to solve this problem.A bivariate extremum strategy is presented to deal with the fuzzy constraint,by which the maximum and minimum cargo capacities are obtained simultaneously.Finally,the simulation demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

基于快速性的船型优化及其在三用工作船中的应用

近年来,海洋石油开发事业相关装备产业快速升级,三用工作船作为海上油气平台作业必不可少的辅助船舶,发展迅速,需求量非常多,其船型优化也成为当前船舶设计中的热门研究问题。文中根据C FD的船型优化基本原理对现有三用工作船进行船体线型优化,比较优化前后船体阻力性能的区别,并用试验方法加以验证,从而达到优化船型的目的。     

Method to calculate resistance of high-speed displacement ship taking the effect of dynamic sinkage and trim and fluid viscosity into account

A method is presented to calculate the resistance of a high-speed displacement ship taking the effect of sinkage and trim and viscosity of fluid into account. A free surface flow field is evaluated by solving Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with volume of fluid (VoF) method. The sinkage and trim are computed by equating the vertical force and pitching moment to the hydrostatic restoring force and moment. The software Fluent, Maxsurf and MATLAB are used to implement this method. With dynamic mesh being used, the position of a ship is updated by the motion of ??ship plus boundary layer?? grid zone. The hull factors are introduced for fast calculating the running attitude of a ship. The method has been applied to the ship model INSEAN2340 for different Froude numbers and is found to be efficient for evaluating the flow field, resistance, sinkage and trim.     

基于参数法的船型自动生成

在船舶初步设计阶段,探求一种快速高效率的方法来确定优良船型.船型参数法通过高水平的描述符(形状参数)生成船体曲线和曲面所想要的几何外形.程序实现几何建模系统以船体的形状参数作为输入,以水动力计算所需要的船体型值作为输出,使几何船体与水动力性能成为一种内在决定性关系.因此,船型参数法是船舶水动力性能优化的重要基础和不可缺少的组成部分.     

Containership structural design and optimization based on knowledge-based engineering and Gaussian process

Knowledge-based engineering （KBE） has made success in automobile and molding design industry, and it is introduced into the ship structural design in this paper. From the implementation of KBE, the deterministic design solutions for both rules design method （RDM） and interpolation design method （IDM） are generated. The corresponding finite element model is generated. Gaussian process （GP） is then employed to build the surrogate model for finite element analysis, in order to increase efficiency and maintain accuracy at the same time, and the multi-modal adaptive importance sampling method is adopted to calculate the corresponding structural reliability. An example is given to validate the proposed method. Finally, the reliabilities of the structures＇ strength caused by uncertainty lying in water corrosion, static and wave moments are calculated, and the ship structures are optimized to resist the water corrosion by multi-island genetic algorithm. Deterministic design results from the RDM and IDM are compared with each separate robust design result. The proposed method shows great efficiency and accuracy.     

局部气垫双体船阻力性能及片体间距优化研究

基于流体计算软件STAR-CCM＋,使用VOF法模拟自由液面,联立求解N-S方程及运动方程,并结合湍流模型RNGk-ε及DFBI六自由度模型,对局部气垫双体船型阻力性能进行数值模拟计算,计算结果与船模水池试验结果吻合,精度可信,验证了此该数值方案的可行性.在此基础上,针对局部气垫双体船的片体间距对阻力性能的影响进行数值仿真计算,并对结果进行对比分析,得到了不同片体间距下的阻力变化趋势.针对该局部气垫双体船,综合考虑越峰性能及高速段、低速段阻力性能对片体间距进行选取,认为0.34m的片体间距较为合理.文中使用的CFD方法能够有效模拟局部气垫双体船的阻力性能,可用于船型优化设计.     

船体型线多学科设计优化系统重构研究

文中分别阐述了目前应用较为普遍的MDF及IDF系统重构方法的基本原理,以46000t油船主尺度及型线的优化设计为例,采用两类不同的系统重构方法进行了优化．结果表明,IDF方法是船型多学科设计优化系统重构的理想方法．     

随机需求下公交网络设计的期望值模型与求解算法研究

科学规划公交系统是解决城市交通拥挤问题的有效手段,公交网络设计问题更是公交体系规划的重点与难点。公交需求作为公交网络设计的输入条件,在现实中具有不确定性。鉴于此,假设不确定乘客需求具有随机特性,来研究随机需求下公交网络设计问题的优化方法。以乘客成本与运营成本最小化为优化目标,构建了多目标规划的期望值模型。将遗传算法与模拟退火算法相结合,设计了求解模型的遗传模拟退火算法。最后,通过算例验证了提出的模型与算法的有效性。     

航线网络区间鲁棒优化设计

为解决航空公司航线网络中枢纽机场具体位置及OD流路径设计问题, 根据航线网络设计参数OD 流量和单位流成本的不确定性, 定义了区间型情景集, 建立了区间型绝对鲁棒优化模型, 设计了将修正最短路算法与人工智能算法相结合进行求解的有效算法,并利用航线网络设计经典数据及中国航空网络OD数据对模型进行了验证. 研究结果表明:该模型的最优鲁棒解具有全局最优性,确定型优化模型为本文模型在悲观准则下,当OD 流量和单位流成本确定时的特例;在不同情景的悲观准则和乐观准则下的模型目标值之间的相关系数达到0.99以上;在悲观准则下,用本文模型计算出标准算例的归一化后的最优目标值为784.47,比确定型模型最优目标值减少了16.65%,比相对鲁棒优化模型最优目标值减少了29.07%.      

30m级内河双体浮油回收船船型优化及快速性试验研究

30m级内河双体浮油回收船为我国内河首艘专业浮油回收船,要求该船当辖区内出现重大溢油事故时能够快速到达指定地点,并有效承担溢油清除任务。本文简要介绍该船在研发设计中,针对该船既要满足25km/h（13.5kn）的应急响应航速,又要在溢油清除作业1～4 kn低速时保持稳定,同时具备良好的操纵性能,在船舶快速性方面所做的试验研究工作。在研发设计中,针对该船设计方案选用单体或双体船型、尾部线型优化、带导管全回转舵桨和不带导管全回转舵桨等不同船型方案所进行的船模试验和分析研究,也对目前国内外较先进的收油机做一简单介绍。     

一种船舶型值测量方案及精度研究

介绍一种船舶型线测量方案的测量原理,给出该测量方案的精度分析,可用于船舶设计中母船的测量或在建船舶的精度控制。     

考虑减载移泊的散货港口船舶调度优化

为提高散货港口的服务水平, 充分利用现有泊位资源, 研究了采用减载移泊策略的散货港口船舶调度优化问题; 考虑大型船舶减载移泊对散货港口船舶调度的影响, 以船舶进出港次序、移泊次序和移泊位置为决策变量, 以进出港船舶总等待时间最小为目标函数, 构建了混合整数线性规划模型; 基于模型特点设计了混合算法, 给出了生成初始种群的启发式规则, 提出了新种群的邻域构造策略, 并在模拟退火算法中引入有效的改进措施; 为验证方案及其算法的有效性, 对比了基于实际调研资料设计的方案与采用模型和算法优化的方案, 并分析了船舶乘潮比和进出港时段长度对方案优化结果的影响。研究结果表明: 与采用先到先服务思想和贪婪策略的2种现行船舶调度方案相比, 所得方案的平均优化率分别为11.07%和9.84%;船队规模从20艘增加到50艘时, 混合算法的求解耗时均在2min以内, 且所得目标函数值与下界的平均相对偏差为6.92%;随着船舶乘潮比的增加, 方案优化率和目标函数值先呈指数趋势增长, 而后趋于平稳, 乘潮比为50%左右时出现拐点; 随着进出港时段长度的增加, 方案优化率和目标函数值呈“M”形趋势变化, 且在进出港时段长度为130min左右时方案优化效果最为显著, 表明船舶调度优化模型与混合算法可行。      

集装箱码头岸桥调度优化模型及算法

为弥补集装箱码头岸桥调度问题的传统优化方法仅适用单船舶情况的不足,以总费用(所有岸桥使用费用和船舶停靠费用)最小为优化目标,考虑岸桥不可穿越性和安全距离约束条件,建立了了面向多艘船舶的集装箱码头岸桥统一调度和卸船任务分配问题的混合整数规划优化模型.使用任务网络图方法,搜索影响卸船任务最终完成时间的关键任务及其相应的限制任务路径,设计了基于限制任务路径进行邻域搜索的双层模拟退火算法求解模型.12个不同规模的算例结果表明:与分支定界法和遗传算法相比,本文算法节省时间6.32%~18.36%,近似最优解的质量更高,而且最优解目标值之间的差距仅为0.38%~2.20%;考虑岸桥之间的安全距离约束导致系统运营成本增加3.41%~11.21%.      

基于CFD的30000吨载货教学实习船阻力数值模拟

为了对船舶阻力进行精确预报,选取30000 t载货教学实习船为研究对象,基于CFD对静水中不同航速的船舶阻力进行数值模拟,建立三维船体模型,采用局部加密进行网格处理,使用Standard k-ε湍流模型,利用VOF法追踪自由液面,将结果与船模试验数据进行比较表明,该方法计算速度快,成本低,预报精度较高,具有重要工程意义...     

基于NURBS的船体曲面自适应三角网格剖分

针对面向曲面的三维船体性能计算和真实感图形显示问题,应用NURBS曲线、曲面理论,提出一种新颖的船体NURBS曲面三角形网格自动生成算法,运用四角编码方法和改进的曲面片平坦性检验方法,保证在递归分割船体NURBS曲面时,能够快速有效地分割出四边形网格,在曲面片的高度方向和边界处同时满足给定的精度要求,在此基础上,应用割角剖分算法将一个四边形网格剖分成两个或多个三角形网格。应用结果表明,应用该算法生成的三角形平面片能够较好地逼近船体曲面,避免出现网格间的裂缝,与二叉树、四叉树方法相比,四角编码方法明显节省了时间和空间,提高了算法效率。