适应航运形势提高船舶标准——解析新版《老旧运输船舶管理规定》

13年前的1993年．交通部发布了第一份《老旧船舶管理规定》。在之后的8年时间里，该规定为我国船舶运输安全和水域环境保护起到了重要的作用。2001年，为适应航运业发展的需求．交通部及时对原规定进行了修订．并颁布实施了《老旧运输船舶管理规定》，这也就是业内著名的2001年“2号令”。而在5年之后，航运业的蓬勃发展，再度对老旧船舶安全管理产生了新的诉求．新版《规定》再次出台。从8年到5年．越来越短暂的时间间隔，也见证着我国航运业飞速发展的成就。日前，记者就新规定的相关内容．采访了交通部水运司官员。     

Financing of Soviet shipping companies under perestroika

This paper highlights sources of finance for Soviet shipping companies. These include the fund for the development of production, science and technology, the shipping company's foreign currency fund, loans and centralized sources. Particular attention is paid to the structure of these funds and their purposes. Activities of the commercial shipping bank (Morbank) set up in 1989 are described.     

水路运输在低碳经济背景下的比较优势

为应对全球气候变化,发挥水运优势,探讨各种运输方式在节能、环保方面的异同及其与低碳经济间的关系,认为在低碳经济约束下,水路运输应成为交通运输发展的重点,并提出加强内河运输建设,加大政策支持力度,大幅增加“水水中转”和“海铁中转”比重,形成交通运输低碳减排长效机制的建议。     

The Nigerian shipping industry and indigenous shipping companies

The shipping industry in Nigeria since the early 1990s has been experiencing a continuous disastrous downturn. Nigerian shipping companies' participation in international shipping has continued to be very limited. Their presence and impact is hardly felt in the world's shipping industry. Both the national carriers (that is shipping companies with national carrier status) and other indigenous private shipping companies have vessel as well as management problems. These problems have led to the poor performance of the Nigerian shipping industry for over a decade now. The carriers in the industry are not attaining for the country the gains that are supposed to emanate from shipping. This paper points out the importance of shipping to a nation, identifies the problems the country's shipping companies are facing and proffers solutions that include merging of the companies to have strong financial standing and a competitive edge.     

Port or shipping project appraisal under risk .

Investments in ports and shipping today are subject to uncertainty in demand, costs, prices, and technology requirements. As a result, port and shipping project appraisal must consider the risk of project decisions on outcome. The basic concepts of project appraisal under risk are discussed in this paper, and the effects of uncertainties on measures of project performance such as net present value or internal rate of return are reviewed. Applications of the approach advocated are presented in a follow-up paper.     

高油价与中国航运

近来,国际油价就像中国火爆的股市,纪录接连被刷新。油价上涨,一石激起千层浪,对百姓生活和众多行业的生产经营产生了不同程度的影响,特别是直接消耗成品油的交通业更是首当其冲,汽车运输业、城市公交部门和拥有私家车的车主等都不堪其苦。那么面对高油价,同属交通运输业的航运业情况如何呢?     

中日航线近期运价飙升为那般?

进入8、9月以来,中日航线市场出现了货量节节上升、班轮舱位饱满的旺盛景象.在货量快速增长的强劲推力下,航线运价从8月22日起,由300-350USD/TEU起步,路攀升至600USD//TEU;之后又从9月6日开始,在600USD/TEU的"平台"上,纵身一跃,飙升到了翻了一番的价位.紧接着,由八家船公司协商达成共识,从9月23日开始执行1000USD/TEU的运价.历经此三波,中日航线运价很快创下了历史最高点,拉出了一条急剧上扬的阳线.     

中国海运需求与国际航运市场的结构性变化

一、国际航运业的结构性变化 我们先来看国际航运市场到底发生了什么样的结构性变化.     

美国航运系统全景透视

美国航运系统全称为MarineTrans-portationSystem,简称MTS。是为服务于水上客货运输和军事运输,由航道、港口和相关设施组成的一个网络,是美国运输系统的一个重要组成部分。它是美国水路与陆路运输的联接和世界联系的桥梁。涵盖水路运输、水陆联运等与水路相关的客货运输方式,涉及到航道、港口和水陆联运码头等航运设施。覆盖了美国的25000英里航道;192个地点的238个闸门;五大湖;圣罗伦斯海道;超过3700个的航运设施;无数的娱乐码头;超过174000英里的连接大陆48个州以及加拿大和墨西哥的铁路;超过45000英里的高速公路,以及超过115000英里…     

The perception and image of shipping

The image of the shipping industry plays a vital role in developing maritime transport as a major future, sustainable transport alternative. In particular, it is crucial to understand the image the shipping industry has among young people and the anatomy of the concept in order to be able to effectively promote careers in shipping, to cultivate shipping as an attractive labour market and to develop attractive educational programmes. The focus of this paper is the image of the shipping industry. This study reports on the findings of a large-scale survey of the image of shipping- and image-related concepts among upper secondary school pupils in Sweden, Norway and Greece. We define and analyse empirically by means of multivariate statistical analysis the anatomy of the image concept. We identify various image dimensions, estimate how young people rate the shipping industry along these dimensions and estimate their relative importance to young people who are planning their future careers. The results from this study can be used as a base for describing and explaining the images that young people have of the shipping industry. Such knowledge is fundamental for deriving and developing constructive strategies to promote careers in shipping, to adapt shipping to the expectations of young people and to develop creative and relevant educational programmes. Finally, understanding the image of shipping among young people is important not only for the shipping industry, but for other stakeholders as well, such as ship-owners associations, trade associations, labour unions, transport authorities and administrations and policy makers at the national and supra-national level.     

Evaluation of risk attitude in the shipping freight market under uncertainty

ABSTRACT

The main purpose of this study is to examine how market participants take risks, in other words, what their risk attitude/preference is, and how their risk attitude could be related to the shipping freight and other markets. To address them, we calibrated the risk attitude of participants in shipping freight markets from 2007 to 2013, and provided an example of the application of risk attitude. For market participants, risk attitude/preference has an important role in understanding shipping freight markets and managing risks under uncertainty. However, risk attitude is not directly observable. To achieve this, we applied a framework that consists of structural model and calibration with market data. We interpreted risk attitude and confirmed that a structural break occurred around 2008 for the calibrated risk attitude parameter. The average risk attitude of market participants tended to be more risk-averse after 2010. We conducted an additional analysis to provide an example of the application of calibrated risk attitude, using structural equation modeling to calculate a latent variable that reflected other commodity markets. We compared the risk attitude parameter and the latent variable, and clarified the relationship between the risk attitude parameter and commodity markets.     

The EEZ: International enforcement problems

This paper sets out the problems and discusses possible solutions related to the policing of, and protection of economic activities undertaken in, off-shore zones over which coastal states will be expected to exercise jurisdiction.     

The EEZ: International enforcement problems

This paper sets out the problems and discusses possible solutions related to the policing of, and protection of economic activities undertaken in, off-shore zones over which coastal states will be expected to exercise jurisdiction.     

长江航运变迁

流淌千年的繁荣7000年前的新石器时期,独木舟开启了长江的原始航程,由此长江航运的起源初定.至东汉木帆船广泛航行于长江之中.到了唐代,长江成为全国通航里程最长、货运量最大的河流.蜀麻吴盐自古通,万斛之舟行若风,生动地再现了当时长江水运的兴盛景象.     

长三角一体化首推五港合一

随着世界经济的稳步发展,对石油的需求也在不断增加,而大部分的石油都是通过海上运输的,因此,国际油运市场备受关注。介绍了国际油运市场的现状,提出了影响国际油运市场的主要因素,其中包括国际经济形势、国际石油消费需求和运力,并阐述了三者与国际油运市场走势的关系,在此基础之上,展望了未来的国际油运市场发展趋势,并着重对未来市场的运力发展趋势进行了分析。     

Editorial: The UK shipping policy

The purpose of this paper is to consider some of the issues arising from currency fluctuations or currency disparities and in particular their effects upon freight earnings through the application of a currency adjustment factor (CAF).

The operation of CAFs has been a source of great concern to shippers and shipper's councils since their introduction some seven years ago. The basis of this concern has been the widening differential of applicable CAFs as a surcharge on basic freight rates. The CAF system has been regarded by many as iniquitous and punitive. Conferences have been accused of insulating themselves from currency losses due to exchange-rate variability consequent upon the introduction of flexible exchange rates in 1971. However, this mounting pressure has brought the operation of the CAF formula under close scrutiny especially from four sources.

(a) Some member Councils of the European Shippers' Council (ESC).

(b) The Japanese Shippers' Council (JSC).

(c) The question of the legality of differential CAFs under the Treaty of Rome

(d) Complaints from North Continental Maltsters.     

The economics of technological change in shipping

Management of technological change is among the most important problems in shipping management. Models representing the economic impact of technological change in shipping are presented and the use of technology productivity analysis as a method for effective management of technological change in shipping is proposed.     

航运资本市场最新动向

动向一：机构投资者广泛进入,加速航运资本市场繁荣发展。航运及航运相关类股票的超火爆表现,与众多金融机构的介入不无关系。自2006年下半年以来．不少投资银行和大型基金公司等机构投资者加快了对航运、港口、造船等领域的进入和渗透,大举进军航运业。