舰船多学科协同设计优化软件系统设计

针对舰船结构设计特点,设计出应用于舰船设计的分布式多学科协同优化软件系统。介绍软件的设计原则、设计要求、网络结构、数据共享、系统架构及其模块功能、工作机制、优化算法和流程。系统以多目标协同优化算法为核心,采用主从型任务管理模式,各学科并行计算分析,相互协同,共同完成设计任务。     

Least-weight topology and size optimization of high speed vehicle-passenger catamaran structure by genetic algorithm

Selection of the “best” or “optimum” engineering design has always been a major concern of designers. Reduction of hull weight is the most important aim in the structural design of many ship types. But the ability of designers to produce optimal designs of ship structures is severely limited by the calculation techniques available for this task. Complete definition of the optimal structural design requires formulation of size–topology–shape–material optimization task unifying optimization problems from four areas and effective solution of the problem. So far a significant progress towards solution of this problem has not been achieved. In other hand in recent years attempts have been made to apply genetic algorithm (GA) optimization techniques to design of ship structures. An objective of the paper was to create a computer code and investigate a possibility of simultaneous optimization of both topology and scantlings of structural elements of large spatial sections of ships using GA. In the paper GA is applied to solve the problem of weight minimization of a high speed vehicle-passenger catamaran structure with several design variables as dimensions of the plate thickness, longitudinal stiffeners and transverse frames and spacing between longitudinals and transversal members. Results of numerical experiments obtained using the code are presented. They show that GA can be an efficient optimization tool for simultaneous design of topology and sizing high speed craft structures.     

基于Delphi的Free!ship二次开发初探

Free!ship软件以其功能强大、界面友好以及免费使用等优势得到广泛应用。对船舶初步设计的工作而言,希望在完成线型设计前,该软件也能对主尺度进行确定,而Free!ship现有功能还不能满足这一要求。为此利用Free!ship提供的二次开发环境,在Free!ship2.6版本原有功能的基础上,对软件进行二次开发。以主尺度优化模块及用Delphi编程确定添加灵便型油轮主尺度为例,提出了开发的方法及步骤,为进一步的研究和开发该软件提供了基础。     

基于条码的船板切割过程管理研究

针对船厂钢板切割管理过程中切割状态无法实时监控、生产调度缺乏科学依据等问题,借助条码技术,对切割过程的业务模型进行重新设计,在此基础上设计开发船板每日切割管理系统。船厂的实地应用效果验证该系统达到了切割作业科学管理、实时监控、资源优化及信息共享的效果。     

支持协同设计的船舶设计过程模型研究

船舶设计过程模型是在网络环境下开展船舶并行和协同设计系统的基础.本文根据船舶设计的特点,提出了将船舶设计过程按照项目、设计任务和设计活动三个层次进行分解的方法,并给出了船舶设计过程模型形式化定义.该模型明确了设计任务间的并行、顺序和协同关系,可以直接按设计任务构成活动网络图进行规划、分析、管理等工作,使设计过程具有良好的可变更性和可控性.     

Multi-objective topology and size optimization of high-speed vehicle-passenger catamaran structure by genetic algorithm

Ship structural design has become recently an ever more important and difficult task, because it should always take into account several estimation criteria which are a crucial element of shipyard management, as the hull structural strength is one of the most important factors of overall ship safety, and the total cost of structural materials used for the construction of a ship is a significant part of her total construction cost. Simultaneously, a complete definition of the optimal structural design requires a formulation of size-topology-shape-material optimization task unifying the optimization problems from these four areas and giving an effective solution of this problem. So far, a significant progress towards a solution of this problem has not been achieved. An objective of the underlying paper was to develop an evolutionary algorithm for multi-objective optimization of both topology and scantlings of structural elements of large spatial sections of ships. In the paper an evolutionary algorithm where selection takes place based on the scalar objective function is proposed and applied to solve the problem of structural elements weight and cleaned and painted surface area on a high-speed vehicle-passenger catamaran structure with several design variables, such as plate thickness, scantlings of longitudinal stiffeners and transverse frames, and spacing between longitudinal and transversal members. The results of numerical experiments with the use of the developed algorithm are presented. They show that the proposed genetic algorithm can be an efficient multi-objective optimization tool for simultaneous design of the topology and sizing of ship structures.     

Scantling multi-objective optimisation of a LNG carrier

Numerous real-world problems related to ship design can be solved by various alternatives. However, the scantling design has conflicting objectives such as minimum production cost, minimum weight and maximum moment of inertia (stiffness). Therefore a multi-purpose solution had to be settled in order to meet all these requirements at once. Ship design is a complex endeavour requiring successful coordination of many different disciplines, both technical and non-technical. Basic design is the least defined stage of the ship design process and seeks to define the optimal amidships section structure. For that purpose, recent improvements have been made to a numerical tool in order to optimise the scantling of ship sections by considering production cost, weight and moment of inertia in the optimisation objective function. A multi-criteria optimisation of a LNG carrier is conducted in this paper to illustrate the analysis process. Pareto frontiers are obtained and results have been validated by the Bureau Veritas rules. The methodology presented in this paper has demonstrated its effectiveness in optimising scantling of ships at a very early design stage thanks to a management of critical problems usually studied at a later stage of the design.     

面向协同设计的船舶电缆智能化布置软件开发与应用

结合船厂电缆设计业务流程,以船舶电缆布置为研究对象,提出在SPD设计系统平台上开发船舶电缆智能化布置软件,分析电缆布置软件的架构和功能模块,研究电缆路径智能化生成的关键技术,建立船舶电缆智能化布置的数学模型及求解方法,并完成船舶电缆智能化布置软件的开发工作。以公司14500TEU集装箱船的机舱区域电缆智能化布置为例进行验证,验证结果表明,该软件平台能够实现船舶电缆智能化布置的工程化应用,使电缆设计过程中数据更加透明、管理更加方便,提高了电缆设计的效率。     

基于知识管理的工程船舶设计进度管理优化

通过分析现有工程船舶设计流程,发现在进度管理中存在问题。在某半潜运输船舶的改造设计过程中增加具体知识管理对象,如更细化的设计任务、任务之间关联性的识别等,对该项目的进度管理进行优化,并提出为知识重用而进行更广泛过程文件的整理与收集,以保证完成项目供图节点,并为后续设计项目的进度管理提供参考。     

协同优化理论在多破损模式结构分析中的应用

探讨如何运用协同优化方法解决多破损模式下船舶结构设计的优化问题。在协同优化方法的基本理论框架下,研究多破损模式条件下的结构并行设计和优化,建立相应的优化模型。以多破损模式下的船体结构静力学优化为例,运用协同优化方法进行优化计算,获得较好的破损残余强度。算例表明,协同优化方法能有效地解决多破损模式下的结构优化问题。     

支持向量机和遗传算法组合策略的VLCC船中结构优化设计(英文)

In this paper a hybrid process of modeling and optimization,which integrates a support vector machine(SVM) and genetic algorithm(GA),was introduced to reduce the high time cost in structural optimization of ships.SVM,which is rooted in statistical learning theory and an approximate implementation of the method of structural risk minimization,can provide a good generalization performance in metamodeling the input-output relationship of real problems and consequently cuts down on high time cost in the analysis of real problems,such as FEM analysis.The GA,as a powerful optimization technique,possesses remarkable advantages for the problems that can hardly be optimized with common gradient-based optimization methods,which makes it suitable for optimizing models built by SVM.Based on the SVM-GA strategy,optimization of structural scantlings in the midship of a very large crude carrier(VLCC) ship was carried out according to the direct strength assessment method in common structural rules(CSR),which eventually demonstrates the high efficiency of SVM-GA in optimizing the ship structural scantlings under heavy computational complexity.The time cost of this optimization with SVM-GA has been sharply reduced,many more loops have been processed within a small amount of time and the design has been improved remarkably.     

水面舰船电磁兼容性数字化设计方法——舰船EMC辅助量化设计平台

随着对现代舰船作战能力需求的大幅提高,舰载电力电子设备配置方案日趋复杂,舰船隐身性、集成性与电磁兼容性(EMC)成为论证和设计的焦点,EMC论证和设计迫切需要向数字化、精确化和智能化方向发展。提出了舰船EMC数字化设计方法,定义并阐述了EMC顶层量化预设计概念和内涵,提出了设备EMC指标设计和预检验方法以及EMC设计流程,并对进行EMC辅助设计的数字化平台功能需求进行了分析。在此基础上,提出了"舰船EMC辅助量化设计平台"框架。该设计平台基于数字化预测的仿真系统,能在一个统一的平台上帮助论证和设计人员解决舰船EMC论证和设计中指标量化、方案优选和定量评价难题,将成为舰船实现EMC数字化论证和设计不可或缺的手段。     

Influence of different topological variants on optimized structural scantlings of passenger ship

For a multi-deck ships with extensive superstructures (such as passenger and cruise ships, RoPax, mega yachts, etc.) the global structural response can be particularly complex. The influence of the superstructure to the primary strength for those multi-deck ships must be considered from an early design phase. Main global topological parameters (e.g. size of side openings, position and stiffness of longitudinal and transverse bulkheads, etc.) have dominant influence on the shape of hull girder stress distributions over the ship height. The Taguchi concepts and techniques (FFE, orthogonal arrays, ANOVA, etc.) could be used to systematically study influence of multiple topological parameters on the global structural response obtained by FEM analysis. It also enables rational identification of the most dominant parameters and provide designer with the near-optimal level of each topological parameter for the defined design objective. It has been demonstrated how different topological variants can lead to different optimal structural scantlings w. r.t chosen design objectives (mass, VCG, etc.), using simplified full ship 3D FE model of passenger ship as an example. Structural design software MAESTRO and in-house developed framework for the design support system DeMak – OCTOPUS Designer were used as a structural optimization tool. This paper aim to extend the standard scantling optimization by introducing topological aspects as a first STEP in overall optimization procedure.     

大型舰艇多学科设计优化船体结构子系统设计方法

多学科设计优化(MDO)是解决复杂系统工程问题的有效手段。通过对大型舰艇多学科设计优化船体结构子系统设计方法进行研究,将船体结构设计分为船体横剖面结构布置方案自动生成、船体横剖面结构方案优选、船体结构重量估算3个步骤;根据总体方案提供的主尺度、横剖面外形轮廓和分层分舱等信息,依据骨材(桁材)均匀布置和余量控制的原则,生成船体横剖面结构布置方案,并提出一套参考母型船设计,确定设计船构件尺寸初值的方法;在船体横剖面结构方案优选过程中,采用调用代理模型代替板架有限元仿真模型的方法来减少结构分析的计算时间,并采用组合法获得重量最轻的设计方案。     

舰船总体设计中的多学科优化技术

MDO（多学科优化设计）技术适用于解决复杂工程系统和子系统的设计优化。为推广多学科优化设计技术在舰船总体设计中的应用,阐述了多学科优化技术的基本理论、研究和发展应用情况,系统介绍了协同优化算法的应用环境、特征和基本原理,将舰船总体设计根据MDO的要求分解为浮态与稳性、水动力性能、造价等5个子学科并进行了学科分析,基于多目标协同优化算法建立了舰船总体优化的数学模型及优化框架。     

Application of the optimal Latin hypercube design and radial basis function network to collaborative optimization

Improving the efficiency of ship optimization is crucial for modern ship design. Compared with traditional methods, multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) is a more promising approach. For this reason, Collaborative Optimization (CO) is discussed and analyzed in this paper. As one of the most frequently applied MDO methods, CO promotes autonomy of disciplines while providing a coordinating mechanism guaranteeing progress toward an optimum and maintaining interdisciplinary compatibility. However, there are some difficulties in applying the conventional CO method, such as difficulties in choosing an initial point and tremendous computational requirements. For the purpose of overcoming these problems, optimal Latin hypercube design and Radial basis function network were applied to CO. Optimal Latin hypercube design is a modified Latin Hypercube design. Radial basis function network approximates the optimization model, and is updated during the optimization process to improve accuracy. It is shown by examples that the computing efficiency and robustness of this CO method are higher than with the conventional CO method.     

数字化造船生产设计管理研究

随着数字化造船技术的迅猛发展和船舶先进制造技术在船舶设计、制造规范应用,针对基于数字化的生产设计体系的不断完善,文章分析了船舶设计管理体制基本方式和内容,结合数字化造船生产设计的特点和现代管理理论,提出数字化生产设计过程管理的要点和方法,建立了基本的管理体系.     

Hull-form optimization using parametric modification functions and particle swarm optimization

The focus of this paper is on devising designer-friendly hull-form variations coupled with optimization algorithms. Hull-form variations are carried out through parametric modification functions. Two kinds of representative optimization algorithms are considered here. One is the well-known sequential quadratic programming which is the derivative based. The other is particle swarm optimization which is the derivative free. The results applying these two algorithms to typical hull-form optimization problems are discussed in the paper. The technique using the parametric modification functions has been developed for modifying the ship’s geometry according to the widely recognized naval architect’s design practice. An original geometry can be easily deformed through the change of the variables of the modification functions; and useful information about the effect of the parameters is immediately obtained. Moreover, the variables of the modification functions can be considered as the design variables in the formulation of the optimization problem. For the performance prediction of the hull form, WAVIS version 1.3 is used for the potential-flow and RANS solver. Computational results for both single- and multi-objective problems are presented.     

基于PDM船舶初步设计管理系统的开发

为了在船舶初步设计阶段有效积累、管理、共享和使用各种分布的信息数据，本文在国内外相关研究的基础上提出了一种基于PDM的船舶初步设计管理系统，阐述了其体系结构、应用开发过程和相关功能，为实现船舶全生命周期内的产品数据管理打下了基础。