张力腿平台垂向响应纵摇运动研究（英文）

Tendons vertically moor Tension-Leg Platforms(TLPs), thus, a deep understanding of physical tendon stresses requires the determination of the total axial deformation of the tendons, which is a combination of the heave, pitch, and surging responses. The vertical motion of the lateral sides of the TLP is coupled with surge and constitutes a portion of the pitch motion. Tendons are connected to the sides of the TLP; hence, the total displacement of the lateral sides is related to the total deformation of the tendons and the total axial stress. Therefore, investigating the total vertical response at the sides of the TLP is essential. The coupling between various degrees of freedom is not considered in the Response Amplitude Operator(RAO). Therefore, in frequency domain analysis, the estimated vertical RAO is incomplete. Also, in the time domain, only the heave motion at the center of TLP is typically studied; this problem needs to be addressed. In this paper, we investigate the portion of the pitch motion in the vertical response at the sides of the TLP in both the frequency and time domains. Numerical results demonstrate a significant effect of the pitch motion in the vertical motion of the edges of the TLP in some period ranges.     

迎浪状态下三体船垂荡和纵摇运动参数

运用基于势流理论的三维频域格林函数方法对三体船的垂荡、纵摇运动进行参数研究,讨论三体船附体位置对垂荡、纵摇运动的影响。将计算结果与实验结果进行对比,比较结果表明数值计算是可靠的。设计了十二种不同附体位置配置方案,并计算出各个方案在三个航速下的垂荡和纵摇频率响应函数曲线。计算结果表明:(1)航速对三体船的垂荡、纵摇运动影响剧烈,随着航速提高,运动幅值增加明显;(2)当三体船的航速为零时,附体位置对垂荡、纵摇的影响不明显,随着三体船航速的增加,附体位置对垂荡、纵摇影响也随之变大;(3)附体纵向位置变化对垂荡、纵摇的影响要大于其横向位置变化的影响。     

高速轻型穿浪双体船纵向运动改善措施研究

针对在改善高速轻型穿浪双体船(WPC)迎浪中波长与船长接近时纵向运动幅度较大的缺点,采用了理论计算与模型试验相结合的方法,对250 t级穿浪双体船开展了水翼改善纵向运动的理论和试验研究,分析了水翼形式、尺度和安装位置等对纵向运动的影响规律。数值计算和试验结果的比较表明,计及水翼—船体水动力干扰影响的切片理论可满足WPC加水翼后波浪中纵向运动计算的需要,但在纵向运动响应峰值处数值计算结果偏高。模型试验表明,250 t级WPC加装水翼后,迎浪纵摇和垂荡有义幅值可减少20%～30%。     

海上风电浮船分体安装运动响应数值仿真分析

本文采用数值仿真手段分析浮吊船的运动响应以确定采用浮吊船进行风电机组分体安装的可行性。利用基于边界元法的水动力学数值仿真的手段,计算强峰1800和苏连海起重08两艘起重船的浮体运动响应RAO。采用频域谱分析的方法,计算随机波条件下两船吊钩位置的垂荡运动响应谱,并通过波浪谱统计规律确定船舶的最大运动响应以及加速度响应,以确定风电机组分体安装的可行性。     

船舶垂荡与纵摇耦合运动频率散射机制研究

针对船舶纵向速度振荡对垂荡与纵摇耦合运动建立运动响应模型,基于弗劳德-克雷洛夫假定,采用切片法推导切片的浮力、阻尼力和惯性力,通过对切片的积分得到了船体垂荡与纵摇的水动力(矩),推导并得到垂荡与纵摇耦合运动响应方程。以某隐身船为实例,初步分析遭遇频率散射强度和散射频率对耦合运动的影响,得到增大散射强度和散射频率可以减弱耦合运动及其剧烈程度的初步结论。     

船舶在波浪中频域分析

船舶在波浪中的响应一直被船舶工程师广泛关注。本文以Wigley船为对象,采用线性回归计算船舶在规则波中运动的附加质量,采用刘易斯法计算阻尼系数。以新切片理论为基础建立和求解频域内的垂荡和纵摇的耦合运动方程,得到船舶在频域中的运动响应和波浪载荷,并与三维网格法的计算结果进行比较,表明这是一种可靠的、简单快捷的计算船舶在波浪中响应的方法。     

新概念张力腿平台水动力性能分析

张力腿平台对水深具有高度敏感性,随水深变化,垂直面内的运动受到显著影响。对于超深水情况,对张力筋腱的设计提出更高的要求。为了改善这一状况,提出了一种新概念张力腿平台设计方案——Tension Based Tension Leg Platform(TBLP),它可以成倍地增加TLP适用的水深范围。对于已经使用的中等水深下的传统型的TLP,通过增加张力基底,就可以将其使用于更深的海域。针对这一新型TBLP概念,对典型的传统型TLP和TBLP水动力性能进行了初步分析比较,得出TBLP优于常规设计的水动力性能。     

Experimental and numerical study of the effects of heave plate on the motion of a new deep draft multi-spar platform

The heave motion of a floating structure is critical, as a favorable heave characteristic permits dry tree systems, amongst other benefits. The heave response can be suppressed by installing heave plates. However, the associated hydrodynamic effects, which include viscous damping and added mass, are very complicated. Moreover, there are limited experimental investigations to understand the heave plate effects on actual platform designs. This paper aims to study the abovementioned issue based on a novel deep draft multi-spar (DDMS) platform, for four different configurations (with/without upper and lower heave plates). A set of experiments (free decay, regular and irregular wave tests) are conducted, and compared with time domain and linearized frequency domain analyses. Amongst other things, the investigations and discussions include the added mass and damping coefficients for the platform and heave plates, comparison of experimental and numerical results, and the influence of the heave plates on the surge, heave and pitch motions.     

Formulation of consistent nonlinear restoring stiffness for dynamic analysis of tension leg platform and its influence on response

Shortcomings of the traditionally used nonlinear restoring stiffness of TLPs, i.e. unrealistically high stiffness of horizontal motions, their uncoupling and secant formulation are pointed out. Therefore, new consistent restoring stiffness is derived. The platform is considered as a rigid body moored by flexible pretensioned tendons. Global horizontal low frequency motions (surge, sway and yaw) with large amplitudes as a result of dominant second order wave excitation and small stiffness, and vertical local motions (heave, roll and pitch) of higher frequency and small amplitudes excited by the first order wave forces, are distinguished. Hence, horizontal displacements represent position parameters in analysis of vertical motions. First, the linear restoring stiffness, which consists of the tendon conventional axial stiffness, the tendon geometric stiffness and the platform hydrostatic stiffness, is established. Then it is extended to large displacements resulting in new secant restoring stiffness. It depends on surge, sway and yaw displacements and is the same in any horizontal direction. Also, the tangent stiffness, which gives more accurate results, is derived. Heave is defined as vertical projection of axial tendon vibrations and platform tangential oscillations, which are analyzed in their natural moving coordinate system. Inertia force due to setdown, as a slave d.o.f. of the master horizontal motions, is taken into account in the dynamic equilibrium equations. As a result the complete tangential stiffness matrix of horizontal and vertical motions includes 7 d.o.f. The known secant restoring stiffness matrices are compared with the new one and noticed differences are discussed. All theoretical contributions are illustrated by relatively simple numerical example.     

一腱断裂下深水张力腿平台非线性动力响应及系泊特性研究

张力腿平台采用特殊的垂直系泊系统,属于半顺应半刚度式平台,平台主体-系泊系统-立管之间的耦合动力响应是张力腿平台设计的关键,直接影响平台的安全性和可靠性。文中首先采用数值模拟和模型试验相结合的手段对一座工作水深为500m的张力腿平台运动响应和系泊特性进行了对比验证,模型缩尺比为1：40,试验在上海交通大学海洋工程国家重点实验室进行,数值计算采用SESAM软件。在试验验证的基础上重点对一腱断裂的前、后平台水动力性能进行了对比分析,重点关注有义波高、特征周期以及浪向角等因素对六自由度运动响应以及张力腿张力特性的影响。     

Truss Spar平台非线性垂荡-纵摇耦合随机运动分析(英文)

Considering the static stability and the change of the displacement volume, including the influences of higher order nonlinear terms and the instantaneous wave surface, the nonlinear coupled heave-pitch motion was established in stochastic waves. The responses of heave-pitch coupling motion for the Truss Spar platform were investigated. It was found that, when the characteristic frequency of a stochastic wave is close to the natural heave frequency, the large amplitude pitch motion is induced under the parametric-forced excitation, which is called the Mathieu instability. It was observed that the heave mode energy is transferred to pitch mode when the heave motion amplitude exceeds a certain extent. In addition, the probability of internal resonant heave-pitch motion is greatly reduced while the characteristic wave frequency is away from the natural heave frequency.     

半潜式平台耦合动力响应分析

由于海洋这一特殊的环境,半潜式平台在海上会受到风、浪、流的联合作用,使得半潜式平台产生六自由度方向的运动,影响平台的作业,因此,进行平台运动响应预报及系泊线强度校核就显得尤为重要。本文选择在1000 m水深的情况下,分别在时域和频域条件下对半潜式平台运动响应进行数值模拟,预报在频域和时域条件下半潜式平台运动响应,并对比分析在时域条件下不同风、浪、流组合工况下平台升沉运动幅值,计算设计的平台系泊线拉力,并进行强度校核。     

频率散射对船舶垂荡与纵摇耦合运动的影响

为研究遭遇频率散射现象对船舶垂荡与纵摇耦合运动所造成的影响,以某船为研究对象,假设船舶在顶浪航行,通过船舶纵向速度振荡产生频率散射。基于弗汝德—克雷洛夫假定,推导并得到了垂荡与纵摇耦合运动响应方程。采用切片法计算了耦合运动方程中的水动力系数。通过理论求解方法验证了数值求解耦合运动方程的准确性。同时,还分析了散射强度和散射频率单独对耦合运动的影响,以及两者对耦合运动的综合影响。结果表明,增大散射强度和散射频率可以减弱垂荡和纵摇耦合运动及其剧烈程度。     

6750箱集装箱船非线性波激振动和颤振响应分析

本文采用三维时域非线性水弹性方法分析了一艘6750箱集装箱船的水弹性响应以及运动和垂向弯矩特征。通过考虑入射波力、静水恢复力、砰击效应的非线性,研究了在恶劣海况下船体的非线性运动和垂向弯矩响应,同时分析了波激振动及颤振对垂向弯矩的影响。数值计算结果表明:(1)非线性入射波力对运动的影响较小,但是对垂向弯矩的影响较大,使得其有明显的倍频成分,同时中垂弯矩显著大于中拱弯矩。另外,非线性入射波力也引起了明显的非线性波激振动;(2)非线性静水恢复力对运动和载荷的影响均较大,但是没有引起明显的非线性响应。非线性计算的垂荡响应小于线性结果,而纵摇和垂向弯矩响应大于线性结果;(3)砰击效应对运动的影响较小,但对垂向弯矩的影响较大,砰击效应引起了显著的船体弹性高频振动,增大了载荷幅值,但是其引起的合成中垂和中拱幅值相差不大;(4)非线性水动力的作用主要引起垂向弯矩的倍频响应,包括倍频可能引起的二节点垂向弯矩弹性共振,而砰击效应主要引起船体二节点垂向弯矩共振;(5)本文的非线性水弹性响应计算结果与Kim给出的数值计算结果吻合很好。     

几种千吨级高性能船耐波性对比分析

为了对比分析千吨级单体圆舭船型、深V船型、穿浪双体船型、三体船的耐波性能,采用二维半理论方法计算各船型在迎浪规则波中的摇荡及首中尾部垂向加速度的频率响应函数,其中应用时域格林函数求解水动力系数,应用谱分析计算各船型在不规则波中的运动有义值.结果表明,几种千吨级高性能船在波浪中的纵向运动性能均比常规圆舭船型优,其中三体船纵向运动性能最佳.计算结果可为该吨级舰船平台选型提供技术支持.     

基于AQWA计算规则波中新型海工船的运动响应

本文应用三维势流理论的水动力软件AQWA分析一种新型工程船舶在波浪中的运动响应,新型船为改造的波兰中型集装箱船B-573,设计搭载Pram型艉和POD吊舱式推进系统的新型海工船.本文计算此船在规则波中不同浪向角条件下的六个自由度的频域和时域的运动响应,得到在不同浪向角下船体的响应振幅算子RAO,计算船舶顺浪下不同船速的垂荡RAO以及纵荡、垂荡和纵摇三个自由度的一阶、二阶波浪力,分析结果显示该新船型具有良好的耐波性.     

Estimation of wave-induced ship hull bending moment from ship motion measurements

A time-domain technique for estimating wave-induced ship hull bending moment from ship motion measurements is presented. This technique is developed to improve hull response monitoring systems. Artificial neural networks are used to model the time-domain relationship between the wave-induced vertical bending moment and the coupled heave and pitch motions. The application of the proposed technique is validated using experimental data.     

旁靠补给系泊系统研究

本文建立一种旁靠补给系泊系统,目标船舶和补给船通过缆绳连接,两船之间设置有浮箱防止碰撞,浮箱两面均设置有护舷起缓冲作用.本文重点研究旁靠系泊系统的动力特性,并在频域和时域进行研究,频域研究中得到船舶的幅值响应算子RAO;时域研究得到两船相对位移响应和缆绳的张力最大值,通过设置不同的系泊系统组成参数等,研究各个参数对系泊系统运动稳定性的影响.本文可为未来的旁靠补给方式研究提供一定的参考,有较高的工程实用价值.     

深海新型浮式生产钻井储油系统运动分析

采用双系统耦合的势流理论分析浮式生产钻井储油系统(FPDSO)及其隐藏式立管浮箱(SRV)在频域情况下的运动特性。计算一阶力(力矩)以及一阶运动响应,并分别将理论得到的垂荡、纵摇和横摇运动的一阶运动响应函数以及统计值与相应的试验结果进行比较。结果表明:理论值与试验结果吻合较好;SRV的垂荡运动大大减小,更有利于深海钻井作业的实施。     

3000吨级海上巡视船耐波性分析

以3 000吨级巡视船为研究对象,运用三维水动力理论对其耐波性能进行了数值计算。文中除了给出零航速时船体垂荡、横摇、纵摇与参考点垂向运动的传递函数（RAO）,还进一步进行短期预报,给出航速为0 kn、13 kn、15 kn与18 kn时船体横摇、垂荡、纵摇与参考点垂向加速度的有义值,并与模型试验结果进行对比分析。结果表明：水动力预报值与模型实验值的趋势基本一致。