体积噪声场和界面噪声场中声矢量传感器线阵阵增益分析

Acoustic vector sensor consists of pressure and particle velocity sensors,which measure the three-dimensional acoustic particle velocity,as well as the pressure at one location at the same time.By preserving the amplitude and phase information of the pressure and particle velocity,they possess a number of advantages over traditional scalar sensors.Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain (which is often called array gain) is one of such advantages and is always interested by all of us.But it is not unchangeable if the spatial correlation of the noise field varies.Much more important,it is difficult to be given if the noise becomes complex.In this paper,spatial correlation of the vector field of isotropic volume-noise and surface-generated noise has been introduced briefly.Based on the results,the combined SNR output of a vector linear array is investigated and the maximum gain is given in the specified noise.Computer simulation shows that the output of one array in the same noise is not the same in different gestures.And then we find the best gesture through SNR calculation and obtain the biggest gain,which has important meaning to guide how to deploy an array in practice.We also should use the array with respect to the characteristics of the real ambient noise,especially in anisotropic noise field.     

多途信道短慕线时间反转聚焦研究(英文)

The existence of a multi-path channel under the water greatly decreases the accuracy of the short baseline positioning system.In this paper,the application of a time reversal mirror to the short baseline positioning system was investigated.The time reversal mirror technique allowed the acoustic signal to better focus in an unknown environment,which effectively reduced the expansion of multi-path acoustic signals as well as improved the signal focusing.The signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of the time reversal operator greatly increased and could be obtained by ensonifying the water.The technique was less affected by the environment and therefore more applicable to a complex shallow water environment.Numerical simulations and pool experiments were used to demonstrate the efficiency of this technique.     

舰船用新型飞轮储能动发一体机综合物理场分析(英文)

A novel flywheel energy storage(FES) motor/generator(M/G) was proposed for marine systems.The purpose was to improve the power quality of a marine power system(MPS) and strengthen the energy recycle.Two structures including the magnetic or non-magnetic inner-rotor were contrasted in the magnetostatic field by using finite element analysis(FEA).By optimally designing the size parameters,the average speed of FEA results of was 17 200 r/m,and the current was controlled between 62 and 68 A in the transient field.The electrical machine electromagnetism design was further optimized by the FEA in the temperature field,to find the local overheating point under the normal operation condition and provide guidance for the cooling system.Finally,it can be concluded from the comprehensive physical field analysis that the novel redundant structure M/G can improve the efficiency of the M/G and maintain the stability of the MPS.     

粘流方法的螺旋桨尾流场数值分析(英文)

The computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method is used to numerically simulate a propeller wake flow field in open water.A sub-domain hybrid mesh method was adopted in this paper.The computation domain was separated into two sub-domains,in which tetrahedral elements were used in the inner domain to match the complicated geometry of the propeller,while hexahedral elements were used in the outer domain.The mesh was locally refined on the propeller surface and near the wake flow field,and a size function was used to control the growth rate of the grid.Sections at different axial location were used to study the spatial evolution of the propeller wake in the region ranging from the disc to one propeller diameter(D) downstream.The numerical results show that the axial velocity fluctuates along the wake flow;radial velocity,which is closely related to vortices,attenuates strongly.The trailing vortices interact with the tip vortex at the blades’ trailing edge and then separate.The strength of the vortex shrinks rapidly,and the radius decreases 20% at one diameter downstream.     

船模在简谐激励存在时的运行模态分析(英文)

A ship is operated under an extremely complex environment, and waves and winds are assumed to be the stochastic excitations. Moreover, the propeller, host and mechanical equipment can also induce the harmonic responses. In order to reduce structural vibration, it is important to obtain the modal parameters information of a ship. However, the traditional modal parameter identification methods are not suitable since the excitation information is difficult to obtain. Natural excitation technique-eigensystem realization algorithm (NExT-ERA) is an operational modal identification method which abstracts modal parameters only from the response signals, and it is based on the assumption that the input to the structure is pure white noise. Hence, it is necessary to study the influence of harmonic excitations while applying the NExT-ERA method to a ship structure. The results of this research paper indicate the practical experiences under ambient excitation, ship model experiments were successfully done in the modal parameters identification only when the harmonic frequencies were not too close to the modal frequencies.     

不同状腿结构的自升式平台对比分析(英文)

The jack-up unit is one of the best drilling platforms in offshore oil fields with water depth shallower than 150 meters.As the most pivotal component of the jack-up unit,the leg system can directly affect the global performance of a jack-up unit.Investigation shows that there are three kinds of leg structure forms in the world now:the reverse K,X,and mixing types.In order to clarify the advantage and defects of each one,as well as their effect on the global performance of the jack-up unit,this paper commenced to study performance targets of a deepwater jack-up unit with different leg systems(X type,reverse K type,and mixing type).In this paper a typical leg scantling dimension and identical external loads were selected,detailed finite element snalysis(FEA) models were built to simulate the jack-up unit’s structural behavior,and the multi-point constraint(MPC) element together with the spring element was used to deal with the boundary condition.Finally,the above problems were solved by comparative analysis of their main performance targets(including ultimate static strength,dynamic response,and weight).     

表面噪声矢量场空间相关特性射线声学建模(英文)

Spatial correlation of sound pressure and particle velocity of the surface noise in horizontally stratified media was demonstrated,with directional noise sources uniformly distributed on the ocean surface.In the evaluation of particle velocity,plane wave approximation was applied to each incident ray.Due to the equivalence of the sound source correlation property and its directivity,solutions for the spatial correlation of the field were transformed into the integration of the coherent function generated by a single directional source.As a typical horizontally stratified media,surface noise in a perfect waveguide was investigated.Correlation coefficients given by normal mode and geometric models show satisfactory agreement.Also,the normalized covariance between sound pressure and the vertical component of particle velocity is proportional to acoustic absorption coefficient,while that of the surface noise in semi-infinitely homogeneous space is zero.     

AFM试样复合加载下的计算断裂分析(英文)

Fracture processes in ship-building structures are in many cases of a 3-D character.A finite element (FE) model of an all fracture mode (AFM) specimen was built for the study of 3-D mixed mode crack fracture behavior including modes I,II,and III.The stress intensity factors (SIFs) were calculated by the modified virtual crack closure integral (MVCCI) method,and the crack initiation angle assessment was based on a recently developed 3-D fracture criterion––the Richard criterion.It was shown that the FE model of the AFM-specimen is applicable for investigations under general mixed mode loading conditions,and the computational results of crack initiation angles are in agreement with some available experimental findings.Thus,the applicability of the FE model of the AFM-specimen for mixed mode loading conditions and the validity of the Richard criterion can be demonstrated.     

改进的脉冲声管法(英文)

Based on existing low-frequency water-filled impedance tube testing facilities, which is a part of the Low Frequency Facility of the Naval Undersea Warfare Center in Beijing, an improved water-filled pulse tube method is presented in this short paper. This proposed study is significantly different from the conventional pulse tube method because of the capability for a single plane damped sine pulse wave to generate in the water-filled pulse tube with a regular waveform and short duration time of about 1ms. During the generation process of the pulse, an inverse filter principle was adopted to compensate the transducer response. The effect of the characteristics of tube termination can be eliminated through the generation process of the pulse. Reflection coefficient from a water/air interface was measured to verify the proposed method. When compared with the expected theoretical values, a relatively good agreement can be obtained in the low frequency range of 500-2 000 Hz.     

通过形状差异修正模式方法进行的损伤识别试验(英文)

An experimental program was undertaken to test the feasibility to detect the occurrence of structural damage using a modified mode shape difference technique. The vibration response of a steel beam fixed at one end and hinged at the other was obtained for the intact and damage conditions. Modal analysis was performed to extract the frequencies and mode shapes. The method shows a good potential in detection of occurrence and location of damage.     

基于矢量曲面积分反演模型的舰船磁场延拓方法

舰船磁场的矢量曲面积分法是磁场延拓的一种高效方法,在只能测量舰船平面磁场时,首先由平面磁场反演得到等效包络面磁场,进而利用曲面积分法延拓得到目标平面磁场.该方法较之磁体模拟法等更加方便有效.船模实验验证了该方法的有效性,具有较高的换算精度,为舰船近场磁场的换算提供了一种新的思路.     

基于水密拖缆宽带传输技术研究

在水下拖曳平台和母船之间,水密拖缆承担着拖曳和传输大量信息的功能。由于水下拖缆的特殊要求,在此环境下信息在水密拖缆中传输衰减增加,干扰因素增多,母船运动时拖拉拖缆影响到数据的传输,严重时甚至可能导致数据丢失。本文根据水密拖缆传输系统的特点,提出了基于水密拖缆的宽带ADSL传输思想,根据该思想,采用了FPGA作为ATM和ADSL帧格式间的转换,ADSL芯片组实现数据处理和接入,通过自适应比特算法改进使系统传输性能更为可靠。用此方法设计的传输系统满足了实时性要求,具有优良的性能。     

支持向量机回归算法在船舶磁场推算中的研究

船舶航行中会遇到复杂的外界环境,其中磁场环境的变化对航行状况具有重要的影响。而船舶内部大量的电力系统会产生复杂的磁场分布。在建立的船舶磁场分布模型中,传统的基于磁场检测后的逆向拟合方法精确度不高。因此可以根据实验室的测量数据建立基于支持向量机回归算法的船舶磁场模型。在该模型中,预测的磁场分布具有更高的精度和复杂度,并且可以对磁场的动态变化进行预测,建立船舶磁场的时变模型。     

深海矢量噪声场声传播特性研究

矢量声压振速联合处理是建立在信号的声压和质点振速相位基础上,海洋环境边界对声传播的影响将改变矢量声场声压和质点振速的幅度和相位特性。文章根据南海环境条件和水下目标辐射噪声测量采用矢量简正波理论估算海面非相干偶极子噪声源和水下点声源矢量场的幅度和相位随深度的变化,并对矢量水听器测量系统获取的南海典型深度上的背景噪声数据进行了分析。结果表明:深海背景噪声声压谱级在500 Hz以下基本上不随深度变化,在500 Hz-3 kHz频段浅深度背景噪声声压谱级略高于较深深度的背景噪声声压谱级;背景噪声的垂直质点振速谱级要小于声压和水平质点振速谱级。     

基于矢量阵的近场小目标定位算法研究

针对水下近场预警问题,本文提出利用任意阵型的矢量水听器阵列对近场小目标声源定位。本文首先详细推导了平面矢量阵的近场测量模型,然后介绍了矢量阵常规波束形成和MVDR算法,最后通过仿真和实验进行验证算法的性能。结果表明矢量阵MVDR具有更高的目标分辨率,RMSE随SNR的增大误差不断减小,适合于水下近场区域预警防御。     

一种计算海洋噪声场中矢量水听器空间相关的方法

提出一种方法,用于求解复杂海洋环境下矢量水听器的空间相关特性。基于射线理论,将复杂的噪声场空间相关问题转化为简单的数值积分,用于解决矢量水听器的成阵问题,并简化了求解矢量阵阵增益的过程。最后给出了特定条件下的仿真结果。     

基于FPGA的自导宽频带精确波束形成器设计

针对水下鱼雷自导接收系统中宽带波束形成存在的问题,采用高精度分数延迟器设计实现了一种精确时延宽带数字波束形成器,理论分析了该波束形成器的原理、特点和优势;仿真验证了该波束形成器的有效性和优越性,并与传统方式进行仿真对比.在Virtex-7FPGA平台上的设计实现展示了该波束形成器的实现效率及实用性,利用System G...     

The asymptotic field of a dynamically growing crack in a viscoelastic materia

A mechanical model of a fracturing viscoelastic material was developed to investigate viscous effects in a dynamically growing crack-tip field. It was shown that in the stable creep-growing phase,elastic deformation and viscous deformation are equally dominant in the near-tip field,and stress and strain have the same singularity,namely,(σ,ε ) ∝ r?1 /( n?1) . The asymptotic solution of separating variables of stress,stain and displacement in the crack-tip field was obtained by asymptotic analysis,and the resulting numerical value of stress and strain in the crack-tip field was obtained by the shooting method and the boundary condition of a mode I crack. Through numerical calculation,it was shown that the near-tip fields are mainly governed by the creep exponent n and Mach number M . When n →∞,the asymptotic solution of a viscoelastic material can be degenerated into that of Freund's elastic-ideally plastic material by analyzing basic equations.     

三维同振柱型矢量水听器的制作

作为水下信号探测的主要器件,水听器的好坏直接影响到探测器的接收性能.本文研究了一种三维矢量水听器,该水听器基于压阻加速度计设计,采用同振原理,可以测量水中声场的矢量信息.文中介绍了矢量水听器的结构以及表征参数,给出了三维同振柱型矢量水听器的设计过程,详细描述了该水听器的制作工艺,采用高频低衰减低渗水聚氨酯做为灌封的主要材料,该材料具有较高的透声系数.最后利用室内校准装置对研制的矢量水听器进行了测试,得出了该矢量水听器具有余弦"8"字指向性,并给出了三路信号的频响曲线.