新型蓄能器浮标上浮运动水动力性能研究

基于深海大洋在地球气候系统中的重要作用,国际上陆续提出并实施了一系列以深海大洋为核心的重大研究计划,目前自沉式剖面浮标因具备高分辨率采样观测的能力,被广泛应用于对深海大洋环境的观测研究中。为了增大浮标在运动过程中体积变化范围,本文提出一种在普通APEX浮标上加装N_2蓄能器的改变浮标浮力的方式,给出其工作原理图,结合其工作环境推导出浮标匀速运动时的速度方程,得出普通浮标和氮气浮标上浮运过程中的瞬时加速度以及速度随时间的变化曲线,并比较分析蓄能器对浮标上浮运动的影响。     

剖面浮标的分段浮力调节策略研究

浮标的续航能力是影响到浮标整体性能的重要指标之一,在浮标工作过程中耗能最大的部分是浮力调节系统主动调节的过程。基于对浮标运动特性以及耗能原因的分析,提出上浮阶段过程中采用分段排油策略的方案,减少浮力调节过程中排油所需要消耗的能量。通过构建浮标的运动模型和耗能模型,在理论推导和计算基础上,分析得到速度区间设置和分段排油次数对浮标上浮运动过程耗能的影响关系,结合实例验证分段排油策略可以有效减少浮标上浮阶段的耗能。     

深海剖面浮标上浮运动能耗优化及控制策略

主动排油上浮过程是剖面浮标的应用中最耗能的环节之一,直接影响到剖面浮标的续航能力,本文通过对剖面浮标运动特性及其耗能原因分析,建立了剖面浮标上浮运动过程动力学模型,并基于能量转化分析,利用变分法推导了剖面浮标在给定时间、给定深度条件下所对应的最为节能的上浮速度.在此基础上设置了速度区间并提出了有效的闭环控制算法,使得浮...     

一种浮标自由上浮模型试验换算方法

对浮标自由上浮模型试验过程中的受力进行分析,提出一种预报浮标实尺在水下自由上浮过程中最大稳定速度的方法,预报结果与CFD模拟的结果相近.     

深海剖面测量浮标节能研究

为了设计体积小、重量轻的深海水深剖面测量浮标,论文提出了一种节能方案。为了实现对深海剖面测量浮标能耗的模拟研究,通过试验获得深海剖面测量浮标特定元件功耗等特性数据。考虑海水密度变化对其浮力调节的影响,对深海剖面测量浮标建立纵向运动模型,并应用四阶五级龙格库塔法对常微分方程的初值问题进行求解。结果表明:该节能方案有效地控制了上浮速度,其上浮速度在0.1~0.19m/s之间,并节约能量约51.16%,为深海剖面测量浮标的优化设计提供了理论基础。     

无动力运载器倾斜爬升式上浮特性分析

[目的]为保证无动力运载器的上浮参数以及出水姿态满足要求,对无动力运载器倾斜爬升式上浮特性进行分析。[方法]基于STAR-CCM+的重叠网格技术、动态流体相互作用(DFBI)以及流体体积(VOF)波模型,采用CFD数值计算方法,对无动力运载器上浮过程进行动态仿真,研究无动力运载器自身比重、质心与浮心位置、舵角以及释放初速对其倾斜爬升式上浮参数以及出水姿态的影响。[结果]结果表明:当净浮力为运载器排水重量的0.15倍时,运载器纵倾角稳定在45°附近;当净浮力为运载器排水重量的0.10倍时,运载器在倾斜的过程中会经历一个回摆过程;并非净浮力越大,运载器上浮的垂直速度就越快,当净浮力为运载器排水重量的0.20倍时,上浮的垂直速度反而最小。[结论]研究结果可为无动力运载器的总体布局和控制设计以及其他领域应用无动力运载器的可行性分析提供一定参考。     

水下滑翔机滑翔运动的能量分析及水动力性能研究

水下滑翔机是一种新型水下无人潜航器,它通过改变自身的浮力在海中前进,续航时间可长达数月或一年.文中对水下滑翔机滑翔运动过程中的能量变化进行了分析,建立了上浮和下潜运动数学模型,通过数值计算方法对水下滑翔机不同速度和攻角下的水动力进行了计算和分析,可为水下滑翔机总体设计与运动控制提供参考.     

深海应急救生舱波浪中的运动响应数值分析

为探明浮力材料配置体积对深海应急救生舱水面耐波性能的影响,运用CFD软件进行浮力材料3种不同配置体积的深海应急救生舱在水面规则波下横摇和垂荡运动的数值模拟,得到横摇和垂荡运动频响曲线,采用统计分析方法,求得3种深海应急救生舱在三级、四级和五级海况下横摇和垂荡运动幅值。分析结果表明,深海应急救生舱浮力材料配置体积对深海应急救生舱水面耐波性能有较大影响,在满足总体要求和上浮过程安全稳定的基础上,浮力材料配置体积越小,深海应急救生舱的水面耐波性能越好。     

坡地地下结构浮力计算方法的研究

由于坡地本身的渗流特性比较复杂,坡地地下结构的浮力计算问题,是一个有待解决的问题.根据改进阻力系数法原理和渗流基本理论推导出计算不同地下水类型的坡地地下结构浮力计算公式,用室内沙槽试验与剖面有限元程序对推导的计算公式进行了验算.结果证明,推导公式不仅简单、便于进行手算,还具有较高的精度,为坡地地下结构的抗浮设计提供了一种简单、科学的计算方法.     

航空声呐浮标水中释放过程数值分析

航空声呐浮标依靠水下声系统采集水下目标辐射噪声或者发射声脉冲并接收回波信号,实现探测功能。通过分析水下声系统运动的物理模型,将运动过程分为加速运动、匀速运动和减速运动等3个阶段,分别建立运动方程,求出各阶段的速度函数或位移函数。对相关参数赋值,得出相应曲线和水中释放时间。根据分析的方法和结论,进一步地研究更多类型航空声呐浮标水中释放过程,为反潜作战部署提供理论支撑。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。