基于多种群并行遗传算法的板材拉深过程压边力优化

针对板材拉深成形过程,在增量法有限元数值模拟的基础上,以板料成形厚度变量作为目标函数,采用神经网络、多种群并行遗传算法对压边力进行了优化,对优化后结果进行了有限元模拟,取得很好效果。     

An improved ductile fracture criterion for fine-blanking process

In order to accurately simulate the fine-blanking process, a suitable ductile fracture is significant.So an evaluation strategy based on experimental and corresponding simulation results of tensile, compression, torsion and fine-blanking test is designed to evaluate five typical ductile fracture criteria, which are widely-used in metal forming process.The stress triaxiality and ductile damage of each test specimen are analyzed.The results show that none of these five criteria is sufficient for all tests.Furthermore, an improved fracture criterion based on Rice and Tracey model, taking the influence of both volume change and shape change of voids into account, is proposed.The characterization of this model for fine-blanking process is easily done by the tensile test and the prediction result shows good.     

基于RBF神经网络模型的板料成形变压边力优化

为了解决变压边力优化过程中RBF(radial basis function )神经网络隐层节点训练难的问题,利用人工智能算法的优越性,建立了基于人工免疫算法的RBF神经网络,并将其用于非线性函数的逼近中.结合分块压边圈与改变压边力控制技术,通过Dynaform软件进行数值模拟获得成形数据,建立了变压边力与成形质量之间的RBF神经网络近似模型.利用人工免疫智能算法对该近似模型进行优化,获得最优压边力参数.将该方法应用于S形梁冲压成形中,与优化前的结果进行比较,采用优化后最优变压边力可以抑制起皱,最大起皱量减少了89.53%.      

Sensitivity Analysis of Effect Related with Material Process and Assembly Variations to Loads Deformation and Stress on HSS Stamping Die

During stamping process, the material properties, process design parameters and production environments inevitably have variation and noisy factors, which possibly affect the sheet metal formability and the deformation of the die structure.After gaining a success in applying sheet metal forming numerical simulation analysis to get the forming loads during stamping process, a methodology of die structure analysis based on sheet metal forming simulation was proposed and validated by experiments.Based on these results, the effect related with initial blank thickness, blank holder force, blank positioning error and die alignment error variations to a DP600 hyperbolic bottomed cup drawing die's forming loads(especially unbalanced loads), and deformation and stress was studied numerically.The influence level of these variations to the die's forming loads, deformation and stress was disclosed.The findings can guide die design, die tryout and process control for high-strength steel(HSS) stamping with increased forming load and decreased sheet metal formability.     

Analysis of localization of Mohr-Coulomb strength law with damage effect

The damage critical curved surface is derived by considering the related effect of isotropic damage and degradation of cohesion and internal friction angle of Mohr-Coulomb strength law. The characteristics of stress-displacement curve and networks of shear bands with the change of degree of damage, confining pressure and Poisson??s ratio are investigated numerically by monitoring the stress-displacement values in the process of deformation of samples under plane strain and different initial conditions. The dependence of elastic-plastic response of localization is discussed. The non-uniqueness of the solution of equation is given. The orientation angle of shear band is derived by considering the related effect of isotropic damage and degradation of cohesion and internal friction angle. The orientation angle of shear band obtained by numerical simulation is contrasted to the orientation angle by measuring Mohr circle. It is shown that peak strength and residual strength depend on confining pressure. The networks of shear bands begin to appear in phase II of elasticity and develop in soften phase, and the shear band is formed in the phase of residual strength. As the degree of damage increases, axial displacement at the points of bifurcation and shear band decreases. The orientation angle of shear band increases with the increase of the damage degree. The orientation angle of shear band obtained by numerical simulation and measuring Mohr circle is not much difference when the damage degree is equivalent. The Mohr-Coulomb theory may predict the localized instability of sample by considering the degradation of cohesion and internal friction angle.     

Galling failure analysis in sheet metal forming process

Galling is a known failure mechanism in sheet metal forming operations,and it can lead to fracture of the products and jamming of the tool. The temperature field and normal contact pressure distributions of the tool and the blank were studied with a finite element analysis model under the action of different blank holder force and frictional coefficient. A series of forming tests of the high strength steel were conducted to validate the finite element model. The characteristics of galling failure,the damage...     

Application of Decision Tree Algorithm in Stamping Process

Introduction Learning is the main symbol of human intelli-gence and the basic means to acquire the knowl-edge. Machine learning can extract the rules hid-den in data through analyzing the relations amongobjects, which is also computational theory to in-vestigate learning. Nowadays, various methodsare adopted in machine learning field, such as deci-sion tree, Bayesian classification, neural network,genetic algorithm and rough set[1]. Many machinelearning methods have been used as the convenien…     

用压缩蠕变试验研究高填方体沉降变形

以九寨-黄龙机场104m高填方体为工程背景，研究了砂砾石填料压缩蠕变试验与高填方体的相似条件．研究表明，刚性侧限的压缩蠕变试验与大面积凹谷中的高填方体具较好的相似性，两者可近似为等应力状态，但试验得出的高填方体压缩沉降量较实测值稍小．此外，初始压实度决定了砂砾石填料的压缩变形特性，初始压实度为97．4％的砂砾石填料的压缩变形过程具对数函数特征，而初始压实度大于98．7％的砂砾石填料的压缩变形过程则以线性函数特征为主。     

数控回转头冲床自动编程系统

介绍了《数控回转头冲床自动编程系统》的功能和设计特点。它利用中Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ９５作为系统工作平台，直接利用产品设计时零件在计算机内的图形信息，采用人机交互方式进行数控编程，此系统适用于数控回转头冲床的自动编程，它是板金计算机辅助设计与制造（ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ）开发的关键。     

公路路面热辐射对汽车排放NO_x扩散特性的影响

针对公路沥青路面热辐射,建立了三维大气流动及机动车排放物扩散的CFD仿真模型,进行了非定常三维湍流流动模拟;结合气象因素及单车排放NOx扩散浓度的实地测试,研究了路面热辐射对机动车排放物扩散的影响。结果表明:路表加热作用所产生的热力环流使得污染物能够被有效地输送和扩散至上空,从而使得近地面的污染物浓度下降;随地表温度增高,输送效应增强;在尾气排放方向处于距排气口10 m远处,人的呼吸带高度处NOx浓度仍然较高;NOx扩散浓度的模拟值与实测值具有较好的符合,验证了数值模型的可靠性。     

Compliant assembly modeling and deformation analysis considering macro residual stress in engineering component

Based on the manufacturing history chain, a component's macro residual stress is introduced to the subsequent assembly model. In the simulated method, the simulation cost is saved via mapping the bulk stress profile directly to the component compared to our previous study. It thus facilitates the finite element analysis(FEA) which takes the component location in blank and the thickness of blank as two influence parameters. The methodology is proved to be feasible by the validation experiment designed for a typical assembly structure from the aerospace industry. The results show that the bulk stress originating from material preparation affects the downstream large-scale assembly deformation. The investigation of this research helps systematically to improve compliant assembly precision.     

基于Reddy理论的新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁挠度计算

为准确计算新型波形钢腹板(CSW)组合箱梁的挠度,基于Reddy高阶剪切变形理论,考虑钢-混接触面滑移变形和全截面高阶剪切变形效应,以形函数作为单元内高度变化的插值函数,利用最小势能原理推出新型CSW组合箱梁等参有限元行列式;以一根8.0?m新型波形钢腹板简支组合箱型试验梁为例,基于本文理论编制了相应的计算程序,计算了...     

刚性基层复合式沥青路面层间剪应力分析

针对刚性基层复合式路面容易出现的层间剪切滑移破坏问题,选取由水泥混凝土基层、层间粘结层、沥青混凝土面层组成的复合式结构为研究对象,分析了在不同层间结合状态下,刚性基层与柔性面层的层间最大剪应力的分布规律,以及基面材料参数对层间最大剪应力分布的影响．     

劲性骨架拱桥主拱圈混凝土四工作面浇筑法

为研究受力合理、施工方便、经济性好的劲性骨架拱桥主拱圈混凝土浇筑工作面设置方法, 以南盘江特大桥为对象, 分析了从两拱脚对称浇筑第1环混凝土在劲性拱骨架上产生的瞬时应力变化过程, 做出了劲性骨架主要控制截面的应力过程线, 提出了在全拱纵向对称设置4个工作面的主拱圈混凝土浇筑方法, 并将工作面分别设置在拱脚截面和控制性应力过程线峰值处, 使半跨内2个工作面上混凝土在劲性骨架中产生的应力增量异号, 以抵消部分应力; 通过分段拟合绝对控制应力过程线上升段和下降段的连续函数, 合理调整了混凝土的浇筑长度和顺序, 降低了劲性骨架的瞬时应力和变形; 讨论了四工作面浇筑法的施工操作性和经济性, 并采用该方法分析了南盘江特大桥主拱圈第1环混凝土浇筑过程中劲性骨架的应力和变形。研究结果表明: 拱脚管内混凝土应力过程线为控制性应力过程线且为单波曲线; 提出的先跨内、后拱脚, 并按拟合函数计算的长度进行南盘江特大桥混凝土浇筑的四工作面法是合理的, 该桥劲性骨架最大瞬时拉、压应力分别降至0.4和23.5 MPa, 被较好地控制在材料强度范围内, 拱顶无上挠, 最大瞬时下挠和环末下挠分别为192、82 mm, 拱轴线不发生反复变形; 四工作面浇筑法所需设备和人员较少, 具有良好的操作性和经济性, 适合于劲性骨架拱桥主拱圈混凝土浇筑, 可为同类桥梁采用。      

基于一面两孔特征的点云配准方法

为了提高零件在扫描检测过程中点云与设计模型的配准精度,提出了一种基于一面两孔特征的点云配准方法.该方法粗配准以零件的平面/圆柱孔特征为对象,使设计模型和点云的局部坐标系重合,并通过改进ICP算法求解点云与设计模型最近点的距离最小平方和实现精配准.由于配准区域和最近点的计算方法不同,精配准进一步分为全域和特征域配准两种类型.全域精配准以距点云最近的设计模型三角网格点或投影点为最近点,适合于毛坯件;特征域精配准则通过求解点云在平面/圆柱孔特征上的投影点为最近点,适合于成品件.试验及计算结果表明:全域配准的配准精度随表面离散点距离的减小而提高, 当离散点距离达到1.50 mm时,其配准精度已经达到0.15 mm,基本满足工程应用要求.当配准精度相同时,配准效率较其它方法提高10%~20%.      

车联网环境下CACC车辆通信概率分析模型

汽车协同式自适应巡航控制(CACC)系统成功应用的前提和关键,是要保证道路上的CACC车辆能与一定距离范围内的其他车辆进行互联通信.本文依据元胞自动机的基本思想,将道路离散成均匀一致的格子单元系统,并基于交通流理论和概率论,构建了车—车通信概率与CACC车辆市场占有率、交通流密度(或占有率)、速度、车头时距,以及DSRC有效作用距离之间的数学关系模型.通过大量的数值模拟实验和美国加州I880高速公路交通流数据对模型进行分析测试,表明该模型可分析不同交通流状态下道路上不同CACC车辆市场占有率,DSRC有效作用距离时的车—车通信概率.本文的研究成果对于未来促进CACC车辆的推广应用具有重要意义.     

PC连续刚构桥最大悬臂施工阶段稳定分析

结合重庆市巫山县某预应力混凝土连续刚构桥,利用大型通用有限元分析软件Ansys10.0建立其有限元模型,采用线弹性稳定分析方法对其最大悬臂施工状态下不同荷载工况的稳定性进行对比分析,得到了桥梁各个典型工况下的一阶失稳特征值和失稳模态。分析结果表明施工期最不利工况下该连续刚构桥的稳定性满足规范要求,其稳定安全储备是足够的。并对最大悬臂状态下挂篮坠落对结构的冲击作用进行了动力响应分析。在以上分析的基础上,对安全施工提出了一些建议。     

变高度薄壁箱梁剪力滞的几何非线性分析

根据势能变分原理,考虑薄壁箱梁翼缘的剪力滞效应和结构竖向挠度的几何非线性,导出了变高度薄壁箱梁的非线性控制微分方程,并采用样条最小二乘配点法进行求解.将计算值与试验结果进行了比较,两者吻合较好.研究表明,对于三跨变高度薄壁连续箱梁,在均布荷载作用下,内支座截面的应力分布不均匀程度较中跨跨中截面大;荷载越大,非线性效应越显著.     

高速铁路挡风墙高度和距离优化分析

为探讨挡风墙对列车横向气动性能的影响,基于可压缩粘性流体Navier-Stokes方程和k-两方程湍流模型,采用有限体积法,计算了列车在直线和不同半径曲线线路上运行时,不同挡风墙高度和距离的275种工况下列车侧向力和侧翻力矩,获得了最佳挡风墙高度和距离.研究结果表明:在列车速度为200~400 km/h,风速为20~40 m/s的条件下,列车在直线线路上运行的最佳挡风墙高度和距离分别约为1.90和3.90 m;当弯道半径为1 000~7 000 m时,曲线线路最佳挡风墙高度随弯道半径增大线性减小,最佳挡风墙距离与弯道半径关系不大,约4.50 m;风速和列车速度对挡风墙的最佳高度和最优距离影响很小;如果挡风墙高度过低或距离过近,头车和尾车所受侧向力和侧翻力矩方向不同.      

压实度对煤矸石路基应力及沉降的影响

利用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS建立路基应力和沉降模型,通过调查选取路基材料参数,并选择不同的填筑高度和压实度输入应力和沉降模型中,得出不同压实度时路基最大竖向压应力、竖向剪应力和水平剪应力,以及煤矸石路基中心及边缘的沉降量,分析压实度对煤矸石路基应力和沉降影响并得出合理的煤矸石路基压实度建议。