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岷江大件航道连续分汊河段较多,近年受采砂影响滩槽演变频繁,航道条件逐年恶化。收集整理马鞍山—萝卜寺连续分汊滩群河段近10 a的实测水文、地形资料,分析其滩槽和浅滩的演变特点和影响因素,揭示滩段碍航特性的变化过程,以及河床演变、航道条件变化趋势。结果表明,支汊大规模采砂后,主汊分流比逐年削弱,导致主槽易于淤塞;过渡段的连续分汊交界带因水流分散、床沙较细,滩槽变化复杂,影响航行,必须辅以整治措施。“8.11”特大洪水后,老江坝左汊分流比继续减小,王坝子洲头崩退趋势加剧,连续分汊交界带易形成交错型浅滩,航道条件呈进一步恶化趋势。 相似文献
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针对黄河上游河段堤防或护岸崩塌、后退导致河道放宽、航槽淤积问题,进行了崩岸碍航河段航道整治方案研究。采用二维水流数学模型,计算黄河黑峡滩河段崩岸前后航槽内水动力条件变化,并对不同航道整治方案进行分析。结果表明:1)优良河段因崩岸或采砂等因素导致河床形态突变前航槽内水流条件(流速、流态等)改变,可为航道整治方案实施后航槽内通航水流条件提供重要参考。2)根据工程实施后效果观测,利用整治工程适当调整中、枯水的河宽,使挖槽内流速大小接近崩岸前流速,对维持挖槽稳定十分有效。 相似文献
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长江下游安庆河段由安庆水道、太子矶水道、贵池水道3个连续多分汊河道组成,近期3个汊道段河床演变复杂。依据实测水文、地形资料和数学模型计算等手段,分析3个连续汊道段在水流动力、流速分布、水位及分流比变化方面的关联性,并提出在河道治理及航道整治中应注重保有汊道间过渡段及维持关键洲滩岸线稳定的建议,可为类似工程提供借鉴。 相似文献
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长江下游安庆复式分汊河段整治关键部位研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分汊型河道是冲积平原河流中的常见河型,分汊型河段与单一河段的最大不同是分汊型河段具有两汊或多汊过流,分流区和汇流区的水沙具有与单一河道不同的运动特点,并容易因分汊口门的放宽,水流分散,泥沙在此淤积造成水深不够,产生碍航问题。分汊河型又包括很多不同类型,其中对复式分汊型河段航道问题的研究较少,整治技术也不成熟。以长江安庆复式分汊河段为研究对象,采用河工模型试验研究与实测资料分析相结合的方法,在分析安庆河段水流运动规律的基础上,探讨了不同整治部位实施工程的效果,通过综合比较提出了安庆复式分汊河段的整治关键部位。 相似文献
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东江中游横沥至沥口段航道连续出浅有待整治,而该河段同时又承担采砂任务。为探究在航道扩能升级工程已实施背景下河段采挖砂工程的的可行性,采用深度积分水动力学数值试验,研究航道整治方案和采砂规划同时实施后该河段水深、流速、水面线变化,并结合反馈信息调整航道整治方案。结果表明:在航道整治后实施采砂规划,会直接导致上游水位单调下降以及水流归槽流态恶化等问题,必须通过新一轮整治才能满足通航要求。整体来看,“十三五”采砂规划可以结合航道整治来实现,但将来在保障航道运输能力的前提下,东江河段已无规划采砂工程的客观条件。 相似文献
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介绍了我国港口资源的整合现状,指出港口整合可以提升港口的形象和地位,也为区域经济和城市的发展注入强大的动力。最后指出在港口资源整合中要避免的几个问题。 相似文献
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广州集装箱码头的轮胎式场桥小车制动器使用10多年后,出现了许多问题,故进行了改造.分析了轮胎式集装箱龙门起重机小车制动器的主要故障现象,提出了改造方案,并加以实施. 相似文献
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本文对现有的选定球面轴承的三种工程方法进行了分析比较.引入了“合力系数”,并给出了合力方向上投影面积的精确解. 相似文献
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分析柴油机故障中常见的机体裂纹故障原因,认为由于设计缺陷和管理及操作不当,易造成船舶柴油机缸体上的裂纹多发生在气缸套凸肩处。如不及时处理这些裂纹和故障,就会造成缸套的裂纹直至出现缸套漏水等严重后果,针对NANTAIQUEEN轮柴油机对该类型故障的检修提出具体措施。 相似文献
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The hydrophysical and hydrochemical structure of the Sea of Azov, with developed bottom anoxia, was studied during the RV “Akvanavt” cruise from July 31 to August 03, 2001. The anoxic zone with a thickness from 0.5 to 4 m above the bottom was found in all deep regions of the Sea. Concentrations of hydrochemical parameters were similar to the pronounced anoxic conditions (about 90 mmol m− 3 of hydrogen sulfide, 17 mmol m− 3 of ammonia, 6 mmol m− 3 of phosphate, 7 mmol m− 3 of total manganese). The hydrophysical structure was characterized by the uniform distribution of temperature in the upper 6–7 m mixed layer (UML). Below this a thin (0.4–0.8 m) thermocline layer was observed, just above the anoxic waters. Formation of this phenomenon was connected with that summer weather conditions. Intensive rains led to increased influx of river waters in June. That resulted in large input of allochtonous organic matter (OM) and inorganic nutrients; the latter were consumed on the additional autochthonous organic matter production. In July the weather was characterized by a significant rise in the daily averaged air temperature and large oscillations of temperature during the day. In this period a wind of constant direction was absent, but wind bursts were observed. The completed analyses showed that the formation of such a structure could be connected with the following factors: (i) positive growth trends of the daily averaged temperature and the daily oscillations of temperature, (ii) presence of wind bursts. The joint action of these factors resulted in the formation of the UML. The amplitude of wind bursts determined the depth of UML, and the value of trend determined the value of the temperature change in the thermocline. An initial presence of bottom halocline (caused by the Black Sea water influx to the bottom of the Sea of Azov) prevented the heating of the bottom layer and therefore led to an increase of vertical gradient of temperature in the thermocline. The spatial distribution of the turbulent exchange coefficient confirmed the existence of a “stagnation” area located above the anoxia zone, which is also, apparently, the reason for its occurrence. 相似文献