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湛茂线是华南地区运营30多年的原油管线。针对湛茂线运营期间遇到的各类管线腐蚀问题,通过收集原油长输管线内检测腐蚀缺陷资料,深入剖析管线内腐蚀与外腐蚀产生机理,运用异常阴保电位排查、清理杂散电流、修复补强外防腐层等技术手段,对各腐蚀缺陷管段进行有针对性的防护补强和修复,有效防止管线出现异常腐蚀现象,并形成一套成熟的区域原油管线维护保养经验。 相似文献
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涂层与阴极保护下的管道外腐蚀研究与控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
长期以来 ,一直认为管道在涂层和阴极保护协同保护下不会产生外壁腐蚀或腐蚀轻微。应用第三代高精度智能清管检测器对榕山—佛荫长为 2 5 4km的管线进行检测 ,发现了 455处外壁腐蚀 ,研究结果表明 :管道建设时 ,涂层施工的质量较差 ;使用维护过程中涂层材料老化严重、失修 ;管线上阴极保护系统长期故障使管道欠保护 ;执行了有严重缺陷的行业标准 ,至今不知管线上监测到的保护电位距真实的极化电位的差距有多大 ;管线的阴极保护度数据难以采集到。针对上述问题提出了控制腐蚀的方法。 相似文献
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长输原油管线改输天然气之前,必须对其内壁集结的大量含油蜡垢和机械杂质进行彻底清洗,以保证管线的输气质量和天然气的准确计量,主要介绍了采用物理与化学清洗技术相结合的方法,对濮-临输油管线聊城至临邑Ф377×7的121km管段进行不间断清洗一次成功的施工方案、实施过程及清洗效果,为国内长输原油管线清洗提供了有益的经验. 相似文献
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多相流管线的内腐蚀直接评价方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
主要结合墨西哥的一条使用了该评价技术的多相流管线实例,介绍油、气、水混输的多相流管线内腐蚀直接评价(ICDA)技术,重点介绍了多相流管线ICDA的间接检测阶段。采用多相流瞬态模拟软件(0LGA)结合风险分析技术绘制出基于风险分析的内腐蚀敏感度剖面图,从而确定出管线最容易发生腐蚀的高风险临界位置。 相似文献
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"超限超载"的产生与发展,蕴藏着深层的内在运作机理,包含着复杂的经济社会原因.其中道路货物运输价格体系的长期扭曲失衡与成本结构的有欠合理是一个不容忽视的根本原因.为此,公路所开展了货运市场运价与成本"治超"专项研究,先后历时一个多月,行程数千公里,深入7省市运输一线,对21家典型企业和个体业户的23辆货车、24条线路进行了跟踪调查,获取了大量的第一手资料与原始数据,并对此进行了解析. 相似文献
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Ngila Mwase† 《运输评论》2013,33(3):191-206
Zambia has attempted to reduce her excessive transport dependency on her traditional transport routes via South Africa and the former Portugese colonies. The costly construction of the Tanzania‐Zambia Railway (TAZARA) was part of this diversification strategy. This article examines the nature, extent and direction of Zambian traffic, including its historical evolution. It explores further the place of TAZARA among the various routes to Mozambican, Angolan and South African ports, and the ensuing actual and potential competition. Future traffic patterns will be influenced not only by the direct and service‐oriented costs of the different lines, but also by the region's volatile and uncertain political climate. 相似文献
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Robert E. Paaswell 《Transportation》1973,2(4):351-371
An examination of current population statistics shows that in the U.S. more than half of the population is without immediate access to a car, and in the U.K. more than three-fifths of the population is without access to a car. This phenomenon has been accentuated by national investment in both countries in major highway programs. The term carless refers to more than just households that own no cars. It extends, in households with cars to those without licenses (old and young), the handicapped, and even the licensed drivers who have no access to the family car when it is in use elsewhere (e.g. at work). The most severely effected are those in urban areas and especially the urban poor. Transportation expenses are limited for the poor when other family expenditures (food, shelter) take a high priority. Once the work trip has been satisfied, money for other trips, for the poor, is not always available. One solution to cost-free travel is pedestrianism (walking), but this too is difficult in urban areas where the pedestrian has been overlooked in favor of the car. Solutions to problems of the carless include dial-a-ride, better public transit, and better design of urban form. 相似文献
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针对海中箱梁现浇施工中的工程量大、工期紧迫、悬臂法施工不能满足工期要求和施工难度大等问题,文章结合青岛海湾大桥箱梁现浇施工实践,介绍以钢管桩支撑作为承载基础,采用贝雷梁与碗扣式支架相结合的支架,成功地解决现浇箱梁施工难题的方法。 相似文献
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章简略地分析了单线循环固定抱索器索道抱索器移位及索道频繁开停车对索道运载索、驱动机减速器、制动器等部件使用寿命的影响,并提出了相应的减轻这些影响的技术对策。 相似文献