船舶产品模型标准化应用

船舶设计制造是一个众多单位利用不同工具来同时实现的系统工程,在这个过程中,必然产生大量不同结构不同介质的数据．为了解决数据交换问题,该文利用XML技术,提出了一个基于STEP标准的船舶产品模型的标准化应用思路．     

世界最大的太阳能利用中心

目前西班牙南部阿尔梅里亚省的泰伯那斯地区的陆地和沙漠高原正逐渐成为世界上最大的太阳能利用中心。那里有两个不同的太阳能塔楼工厂,拥有一个很大的太阳能吸收场地,利用一万五千多平方米的定日镜,     

面向对象方法在操作系统封装中的应用

随着应用的扩大,一个应用程序可能需要从一个操作系统下移植到另外的操作系统下运行,为此,本文利用面向对象的方法设计了一个操作系统封装层。当应用程序在不同的操作系统下移植时,无须对其进行修改,只需改变封装层接口内部的几个参数即可,这样增加了应用程序的可移植性。利用面向对象的方法,该封装层对上层应用提供一个统一的操作系统接口,在接口内部通过宏定义的方法来定义实际运行的操作系统。实际运行表明,两种方法的结合具有比较好的效果。     

基于小波变换和概率神经网络的水下目标识别

由于水下环境的复杂性,水下目标的检测和识别是水声信号处理领域中的一个难题.本文研究了基于小波变换和概率神经网络的水下目标识别方法.利用小波变换得到水下目标辐射噪声信号在不同尺度下的能量分布作为特征矢量,并输入到概率神经网络中以实现目标分类.利用小波变换能量特征值可有效区分不同的目标辐射噪声.概率神经网络无网络训练过程,适合于信号分类.实验结果表明该方法的有效性和可行性.     

基于红外测量的船用电缆缆芯温度仿真

以某型船用电缆为对象,根据其导热特点和结构,建立了一个三维导热模型;结合实验测量数据利用有限元方法对其三维温度场进行仿真;在此基础上,利用最小二乘法对电缆内外温差与电流大小关系曲线进行拟合,得出电缆在不同老化程度下内外温差与电流大小的数学关系式;利用该结果结合红外测量,可以方便快速的对电缆缆芯温度进行计算。     

航行器斜入水跳弹现象研究

为避免航行器结构破坏和电子器件失灵,可以利用入水时的跳弹现象减小入水冲击。本文通过实验方法探究了入水条件对航行器入水过程的影响,研究了不同速度和角度下航行器的跳弹/下沉过程,得到了一个可以预测航行器跳弹/下沉的经验公式。撞水瞬间航行器的头部会受到很大的冲击力,利用CFX软件对航行器不同工况入水过程进行了仿真,计算了不同工况下航行器的压力响应曲线,可以为航行器高速入水时减小入水冲击力提供参考。     

基于VC＋＋和Direct3D的雷达软件化终端显示技术

雷达软件化终端显示是雷达装备发展的趋势,而对计算机资源的使用率成为一个重大研究课题。它提出利用Direct3D渲染三维对象技术实现雷达PPI显示,利用Alpha混合技术来实现雷达余辉衰减。经软件实现后,在不同的雷达扫描周期下,显示效果理想且占用计算机资源少,是一种理想的雷达软件化显示技术。     

基于有限元分析的船舶调距桨液压缸疲劳磨损寿命预测

文章以船舶调距桨液压系统液压缸为对象,研究其故障机理,得出活塞杆运行过程中,固体微粒嵌入密封圈并与活塞杆面接触引起磨损是液压缸失效的一个重要原因.利用AN-SYS Workbench进行仿真分析,获取不同大小的磨粒在不同浸入深度的工况下,活塞杆的循环寿命次数,为调距桨液压系统的维修决策提供依据.     

粘性流体通过二维振荡圆柱的声辐射研究

本文建立了一个低马赫数下的求解远场声密度的数值模型,该模型利用Navier-Stokes方程计算二维粘性流体通过固定/弹性支撑圆柱的流场,利用Lighthill声比拟理论计算该流场产生的水动力噪声.文中仔细地给出了远场二维声辐射的公式.利用这些公式分别讨论了不同雷诺数下(Re<200和Re>5000)固定/弹性支撑圆柱绕流的声辐射.     

日本的海岸公园

日本是一个海岸线漫长的岛国,海岸曲折,风景优美。各地利用不同的自然条件修建了形式多样、内容各异的公园。这些公园不仅是供人们休息、游玩的地方,又是丰富人们文化素养和科学知识的“课堂”。     

舰船搭载系统的发展

为了优化海军兵力结构,实现一舰多用,提出舰船搭载系统的新概念,介绍国外搭载系统发展的状况,并设想我国舰船搭载系统的发展思路。     

柴油机掺烧气体燃料的低负荷性能试验研究

采用试验方法研究柴油机低负荷工况掺烧LPG和CNG燃料的经济性和排放性能,探讨气体燃料掺烧比例、喷油提前角和压缩比对低负荷性能的影响,研究表明,柴油机低负荷掺烧气体燃料会导致燃烧室温度下降、燃烧不良、经济性下降和HC排放急剧增加,因此,减少气体燃料掺烧比例、增大喷油提前角、减小喷油器的喷孔直径和适当增大压缩比,有利于改善柴油机掺烧气体燃料的低负荷性能。     

基于STBC的多发射天线选择的传输性能研究

对于多发单收的天线系统(MISO),在已知信道状态信息(CSI)和等发射天线功率分配的情况下,利用反馈的CSI,对采用正交空时组码(STBC)的N选择n(N≥n,即n-NTx)的MISO系统进行研究。给出了求解选择性信道的序系数,推导了n-NTx系统的边缘概率密度函数(pdf)。在独立的平坦瑞利衰落信道中,完整地导出了n-NTx系统关于BPSK/QPSK调制的比特误码率(BER)性能界的理论表达式。为了与没有天线选择(即满复杂度)的系统进行性能比较,给出了BER的理论分析值和蒙特卡洛仿真结果,它们的结果均表明多天线选择系统能极大地提高系统的性能。     

工业区污水收集处理系统评估方法探讨

通过对上海市不同区域、不同性质的3个工业区的污水收集处理系统的实际调查，对同类工业区污水收集处理系统评估中运用的一些方法和需要注意的问题进行了探讨。提出应全面掌握工业区相关规划和污水收集处理系统实施情况，评估重点应根据不同工业区的建设情况和污水收集处理系统实施情况而有所不同，最后针对调查结果提出优化建议和改进方案。     

《船舶水污染物排放控制标准》对辖区客运船舶生活污水的影响

《船舶水污染物排放控制标准》(GB3552-2018)(以下简称新《排放标准》)于2018年7月1日正式实施,对客运船舶的生活污水排放接收做了严格的规定。通过对新《排放标准》的研究和对相关单位部门的调研,发现辖区客运船舶生活污水处置存在新《排放标准》执行难、生活污水排放监管难、岸上接收处置难等问题和难点。建议地方政府等部门加强政策宣传、出台激励政策、加快码头生活污水接收设施建设、加强联合监管等措施,减少客运船舶生活污水非法排放,从而保护海洋环境。     

一个改进的波浪增阻近似公式在船舶设计中的应用（英文）

The authors previously introduced a semi-empirical formula that enabled fast estimation of the added resistance of ships in head waves, and in this study the formula is further refined for easy use in engineering applications. It includes an alternative ship draft correction coefficient, which better accounts for the wave pressure decay with ship's draft. In addition, it only uses the speed and main characteristics of the ship and wave environment as input, and has been simplified to the extent that it can be readily processed using a pocket calculator. Extensive validations are conducted for different ship types at low to moderate speeds in various typical irregular sea conditions, and encouraging results are obtained. This relevant and topical research lies within the framework of the recent IMO MEPC.232(65)(2013) EEDI guidelines for estimating the minimum powering of ships in adverse weather conditions, which specify for the use of simple methods in current Level 2 assessment within engineering applications.     

海洋工程桩-桶基础设计及颗粒流数值模拟

提出了新型的桩 桶基础的设计概念,并进行了上拔荷载作用下的数值模拟试验。桩 桶基础是桩和桶的结合,结合了桩基础、桶基础在海洋工程中体现的各自优势。通过颗粒流理论和PFC2D程序,应用细观力学的方法对上拔荷载作用下的桩 桶基础进行了模拟试验,研究了桩 桶基础在客观存在上拔荷载过程中土颗粒的分布及变化、土颗粒的位移与变化,基础的上拔位移与时步关系,土体受上拔荷载影响区域的范围及其变化。根据土颗粒的分布、颗粒的结构、颗粒的位移及其变化,基础位移与时步曲线的凸、凹变化表明了土体的稳定与破坏,判定了基础上拔时的土中滑动破坏面为锥体,综合确定了极限上拔承载力,对基础受荷过程中土颗粒细观结构变化,针对颗粒流仿真试样的细观力学特征与宏观力学响应进行了初步研究并揭示了一些规律。     

关于带有小变形的多孔河床水波散射问题研究（英文）

The solution of water wave scattering problem involving small deformation on a porous bed in a channel, where the upper surface is bounded above by an infinitely extent rigid horizontal surface, is studied here within the framework of linearized water wave theory. In such a situation, there exists only one mode of waves propagating on the porous surface. A simplified perturbation analysis, involving a small parameter ?(7)(28)1(8), which measures the smallness of the deformation, is employed to reduce the governing Boundary Value Problem(BVP) to a simpler BVP for the first-order correction of the potential function. The first-order potential function and, hence, the first-order reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained by the method based on Fourier transform technique as well as Green's integral theorem with the introduction of appropriate Green's function. Two special examples of bottom deformation: the exponentially damped deformation and the sinusoidal ripple bed, are considered to validate the results. For the particular example of a patch of sinusoidal ripples, the resonant interaction between the bed and the upper surface of the fluid is attained in the neighborhood of a singularity, when the ripples wavenumbers of the bottom deformation become approximately twice the components of the incident field wavenumber along the positive x-direction. Also, the main advantage of the present study is that the results for the values of reflection and transmission coefficients are found to satisfy the energy-balance relation almost accurately.     

Comparison of vibration response prediction on the main deck of a catamaran using experimental,numerical and correlated mode shapes

This work analyses the influence of three types of modal matrices on the prediction of vibration response (virtual sensing), at unmeasured degree of freedoms (DOFs), on a catamaran’s main deck: (1) uncorrelated finite element (FE), (2) correlated FE and (3) experimental modal matrices.A multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) framework was developed to handle the optimization and prediction processes. This framework introduces a new metric called Time–Frequency-Error Response Assurance Criteria (TFERAC) to assess the prediction quality. This metric also allows estimating the best set of modal acceleration vectors, which is a critical step in the virtual sensing process.As a case study, only 06 accelerometers and 13 vibration modes (within each modal matrix) were used in the virtual sensing. The MOGA framework’s performance was evaluated using a variance analysis test (ANOVA) between measured and predicted response signals.Results showed that: (1) any one of the modal matrices could be used successfully for virtual sensing on the main deck, that is, there is no need to use correlated FE or experimental modal matrices; (2) the newly proposed metric TFERAC leads to smaller errors in the prediction of both vibration time series and vibration spectra;(3) it is possible to perform a virtual sensing on a ship’s main deck using a limited number of sensors and a numerical modal matrix without being correlated with experimental data.     

The PROFILE project: an overview

The EC MAST project PROFILE (Processes in Regions of Freshwater Influence, ROFIs) aims to develop process understanding and tested numerical models for ROFIs. This includes the role of physical processes controlling water-property distributions, suspended sediments controlling the availability of light, nutrients and phytoplankton growth. The project comprises: (1) construction of a 3D nearshore model, with high resolution (1 h and one km approx.) and a framework coupling modules for hydrodynamics (tides, effects of winds and waves, currents, temperature, salinity, turbulence and diffusivity), sediments, plankton, nutrients and oxygen, (2) investigation of methods to include ROFI model detail in coarser shelf-wide models, (3) specific tests of model components against measurements, (4) tests of model calculations against measurements in contrasted ROFIs, (5) systematic observations suitable for these model tests (time-series over a seasonal cycle for dynamics and intermittency, good vertical resolution and spatial surveys) of the contrasted Rhine, Clyde and Thermaikos Bay ROFIs, complementing earlier measurements in the ROFI areas of the Rhine, German Bight and Po, (6) interpretation and comparison of the contrasted ROFIs' behaviour, (7) a defined set of observations, model code and output suitable for subsequent integration and promulgation as test data and a nearshore model for wider use.