基于QoS升降级的无线单播多播混合带宽资源分配方法

在单播与多播混合服务的OFDM蜂窝系统中,因负载较重而使带宽资源被完全占用时,为接纳更多的多播用户,在单播多媒体用户可接受的范围内提出：基于信道容量平滑的QoS升降级带宽借用方法.通过建立QoS升降级的子载波借用模型和CUpDown-QoS算法,达到最大化多播用户数和减小多播切换呼叫中断率;提出了GoS保证下,限制新呼叫的动态带宽借用阈值,给出基于Markov模型的CBP（Call Blocking Probability）与HDP（Handoff Dropping Probability）最优折中的阈值确定方法,以及多播优先的动态带宽借用策略对阈值确定的影响.     

基于车路协同多业务优先级的车载通信退避算法

为研究车路协同下不同优先级业务的通信,打破传统IEEE802.11 标准的CSMA/CA(Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance)协议所采用的二进制指数退避策略（Binary Exponential Backoff, BEB）仅适用于传统业务如语音、视频等业务,而未考虑车路协同场景典型业务及其优先级的限制,提出一种面向车路协同的车载通信退避算法。首先,研究车路协同场景下的典型通信业务;然后,利用层次分析法建立了业务优先级层次结构模型,对车路协同下的业务进行了优先级的划定;最后,基于车路协同多业务优先级不同对传统BEB算法进行改进,提出一种面向车路协同的车载通信退避算法。通过仿真,验证了所提算法具有良好的适应性,可针对不同业务优先级,提供差异化的信息资源和业务传输保障,相对于传统的通信协议系统丢包率降低,系统吞吐量增加。     

A simulation study of service differentiation for the bandwidth request scheme in fixed IEEE 802.16 network

Various flexible mechanisms related to quality of service (QoS) provisioning have been specified for uplink traffic at the medium access control (MAC) layer in the IEEE 802.16 standards. Among the mechanisms, contention based bandwidth request scheme can be used to indicate bandwidth demands to the base station for the non-real-time polling and best-effort services. These two services are used for most applications with unknown traffic characteristics. Due to the diverse QoS requirements of those applications, service differentiation (SD) is anticipated over the contention based bandwidth request scheme. In this paper we investigate the SD with the bandwidth request scheme by means of assigning different channel access parameters and bandwidth allocation priorities at different packets arrival probability. The effectiveness of the differentiation schemes is evaluated by simulations. It is observed that the initial backoff window can be efficient in SD, and if combined with the bandwidth allocation priority, the SD performances will be better. Foundation item: the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2005C13321804)     

基于分组的宽带CDMA网络呼叫接纳控制方案

以宽带CDMA网络为研究对象，结合3种主要业务类型（话音、视频、数据）的精确建模，提出了用户连接接纳控制与用户分组接纳控制协作的CAC机制，以及基于优先级的改进CAC方案．该方案根据无线分组网络中以分组为最小资源管理单位的特点，结合系统剩余容量以及不同类型业务的特点，为不同业务设置不同的接入准则．优先接纳对实时性要求高的用户连接和分组，同时尽可能地保证实时性要求较低业务的服务质量．仿真结果表明，所提出的策略有效降低了业务接人的阻塞率和平均接纳延时，同时提高了系统资源利用率．     

基于RFCS的城轨列车无线视频监控统切换机制

针对城轨列车跨越多个无线接入点AP高速运行时存在切换延迟的问题,在对城轨列车无线视频监控系统研究的基础上,提出一种RFCS（RF channel switched）机制,在这种机制下,无线接入点AP按照预定的顺序周期性的改变RF信道来防止相邻AP信道的重叠,从而减小了切换延迟,增大了网络吞吐量,最终实现无缝切换.并用NS2仿真软件对该方案进行仿真,与传统的切换过程相比,该方案明显减小了切换时延,保证了城轨列车无线视频监控系统的实时性.     

面向单向交通路网的绿波协调设计方法

为提高单向交通路网运行效率,本文提出了一种单向交通路网绿波协调控制方法。首先, 分析不同类型的单行环路特征,考虑行人专用相位,建立单行环路中的路段行驶时间与交叉口信 号配时参数之间的约束关系,推导环路偏移绿信比的计算公式,以所有路段平均偏移绿信比最小 作为优化目标,给出最佳公共信号周期优化算法;然后,分析环路偏移绿信比与各路段偏移绿灯 时间的关系,根据约束关系将各个最小环路的偏移绿信比分配到环路上的单向路段,推导绿波带 宽大小计算方法;随后,以单向交通路网平均带宽占比最大为目标优化交叉口绿信比,给出交叉 口相位差计算方法,实现单向交通路网信号协调控制方案的优化求解;最后,以一个3×3的单向交 通路网为例进行案例分析,结果表明：利用本文方法求得的信号配时方案可以获得明显的绿波效 果,能够使所有交叉口的带宽占比均在70%以上,总体绿波效果优于SYNCHRO方案。针对未饱 和状态下的3种不同流量输入条件,利用VISSIM仿真实验,发现与SYNCHRO方案相比,本文提 出方案的路网直行车辆平均延误时间分别降低了9.0%、16.4%、26.1%,平均停车次数分别降低了 31.2%、48.8%、41.6%,路网的服务水平明显提升,有效验证了本文方法的可行性与优越性。     

A new channel allocation scheme for hierarchical wireless networks

A channel allocation scheme for hierarchical wireless networks was proposed in terms of the connection-level quality of service. The channel allocation scheme was analyzed using both horizontal channel borrowing and vertical traffic overflowing. Pre-emptive priority strategies are used to classify real-time services and non-real-time services, real-time service is given higher priority for it is allowed to pre-empt channels used by non-real-time service. Some channel borrowing thresholds and acceptance ratios are used to avoid channel locking or dynamic power control, which can also be dynamically adjusted according to network load. Simula-tion results show that the proposed schemes can improve the system performance.     

一种在CDMA辅助下实现WLAN无缝切换的机制

随着无线局域网（WLAN）技术的发展,越来越多的用户可以在移动过程中通过WLAN获得网络接入服务,这就需要对WLAN切换的支持,而单纯基于接收信号强度（RSS）的切换机制难以克服乒乓效应及其他一些服务质量下降问题.本文提出一种CDMA辅助下的WLAN无缝切换（即低延时、低丢包率）机制（CAHO）,该机制在用户发生相邻WLAN之间的切换过程中使用CD-MA连接来避免性能下降问题.为了评价该机制,我们建立一个实验床,并与传统的WLAN切换机制及Multiscan切换机制进行了比较.实验结果表明,CAHO机制能够有效地解决丢包、服务中断及乒乓切换等问题.     

基于概率模型检验的CTCS-3级无线通信建模与分析

CTCS-3级列控系统的无线通信系统是一个复杂、随机的分布式系统,无线通信系统为列控系统车载和地面设备提供安全相关信息交互,因此采用正确有效的方法对其进行建模和可靠性分析具有重要意义.本文根据GSM-R网络的QoS要求,建立了无线通信系统的概率模型,采用概率模型检验工具PRISM对概率模型进行描述和可靠性分析,计算了无线通信系统的稳态概率,并分析了不同速度条件对无线通信的可靠性的影响.结果表明,当无线小区平均间距为3 km,列车运行速度为300 km/h时,无线通信系统处于已连接状态的概率为0.991;随着列车运行速度的增大,无线通信系统处于已连接状态的概率下降.     

A Secret Sharing Featured Secure Communication System Based on Dual Synchronization of Chaos in Colpitts Circuits

Introduction Synchronizationofchaoshasrecentlyattract-edgreatinterestbecauseofitspotentialapplica-tionsinsecurecommunications[1]andspreadspec-trumcommunications.Inasecurecommunication system,itcanbeusedforsharingtheidentical chaosinthetransmitterandreceiverasacrypto-graphiccode.Synchronizationofchaosinonewaycoupled onepairchaoticcircuitshasbeenstudiedinalarge volumeofliteratures[2-4].Inrecentyears,anew conceptofchaossynchronization,namely“dual synchronizationofchaos”,israised[5].Dualsyn-chr…     

基于随机Petri网的GSM-R越区切换成功率的形式化分析

首先建立了基于随机Petri网的GSM-R越区切换模型,在模型中综合考虑了信道故障、信道占用和越区切换参数配置不合理等影响越区切换成功率的因素.其次,说明了随机Petri网与马尔可夫链的关系,以及使用马尔可夫链分析“GSM-R越区切换的随机Petri网模型”的方法.最后,利用SPNP工具分析了影响GSM-R越区切换成功率的因素,发现GSM-R小区预留信道越多,越区切换成功率越高;列车运行速度越高,越区切换成功率越低;在一定范围内,列车追踪间隔越大,越区切换成功率就越高     

Design and Analysis of an Adaptive Handover Protocol for 4G Networks

The future generation networks or 4G networks constitute of varied technologies converged over the Internet protocol version 6(IPv6) core. The 4G networks offer varied services over different interfaces to the user nodes. Mobility management in 4G networks is an issue that exists. The handover protocols for mobility management in 4G networks that currently exist, do not consider wireless signal degradation during handover operations. This paper introduces the Noise Resilient Reduced Registration Time Care of Mobile IP(NR RRTC:MIP) protocol for handover management. A handover decision algorithm based on the signal strength measured by the user nodes is considered in the NR RRTC: MIP protocol. A simulation study is discussed in the paper to evaluate the performance of the NR RRTC: MIP protocol. The results obtained from the simulation study prove that the NR RRTC: MIP protocol effectively reduces handover latencies and improves network performance.     

基于列车振动的高速铁路桥墩沉降控制阈值

为保障高速铁路桥墩沉降区域的列车运行安全平稳性,提出了一种基于列车-轨道-桥梁动力相互作用理论的高速铁路桥墩沉降控制阈值研究方法;探讨了既有标准中的桥墩沉降限值,并确定了影响桥墩沉降控制阈值的关键因素;基于列车-轨道-桥梁动力相互作用理论,考虑轨道随机不平顺、轮轨非线性接触关系等非线性因素,建立了考虑桥墩沉降和多影响因素的高速列车-轨道-桥梁耦合动力学模型;在此基础上,研究了多因素条件下桥墩沉降对列车-轨道-桥梁系统的影响,并从保证列车安全平稳运营的角度提出了适用于中国高速铁路桥墩沉降的控制阈值。研究结果表明:研究高速铁路桥墩沉降控制阈值时不能忽略轨道随机不平顺、温度作用、混凝土收缩徐变等因素的影响;随着桥梁跨度的增大,混凝土收缩徐变和温度作用导致车体垂向加速度和轮重减载率增大,桥墩沉降则导致上述指标减小;考虑多因素后,车体垂向加速度和轮重减载率与不考虑这些影响因素相比明显增大;随着桥墩沉降的增大,列车通过不同不平顺样本时车体垂向加速度和轮重减载率均超标;为保证列车运行安全性与乘坐舒适性,高速铁路桥墩沉降控制阈值建议为10 mm;在本文得到的控制阈值基础上进一步考虑施工误差等其他因素即可得到准确的标准限值,研究结果可为桥墩沉降限值的最终确定提供研究方法和数据支撑。      

基于模型的CTCS-3级列控系统测试案例自动生成方法

为了提高CTCS-3级列控系统测试案例生成效率,提出了基于混合通信顺序进程(hybrid communication sequential process, HCSP)形式化模型和时间自动机(timed automaton, TA)形式化模型的列控系统测试案例自动生成方法;建立了列控系统运营场景的时序模型,分析了列控系统运营场景规范中时序功能的正确性;在时序模型的基础上,设计了满足全状态、全变迁和自定义-使用3种领域无关覆盖准则的列控系统测试案例自动生成算法,并以RBC(radio block center, RBC)切换场景为例,生成了100%全状态、全变迁和自定义-使用覆盖准则的测试案例套.从测试套数量、测试时间和内存消耗3个方面分析测试案例的生成效率表明:自定义-使用覆盖准则的测试案例套测试时间和内存消耗最小,分别为0.02 s和9.4 MB,本文方法提高列控系统测试案例生成效率最大达30%.      

高速铁路信号系统网络安全与统一管控

为了保障我国高速铁路信号系统的网络安全,从高速铁路信号系统的整体架构出发,对系统所面临的网络安全问题进行了全面的分析,涵盖了分散自律调度集中系统、列车运行控制系统、集中监测系统和GSM-R无线通信系统等.在此基础上,提出了基于软件定义网络(SDN)的高速铁路信号系统网络安全统一管控方案,把分散自律调度集中网络、信号安全数据网和集中监测网络通过软件定义的方式进行管控和隔离,实现了对网络流量的精细控制和统一管理,利用逻辑上统一的控制器实现全局的设备注册管理、安全通信访问控制和网络数据的追踪溯源,从而提高了网络的安全性,减小了网络管理的复杂性.通过分析可知,本文所提出的架构具有逻辑集中管控、统一安全策略、网络可编程等特点,相对于分散管理的网络更适用于高铁信号系统专网的网络安全管理,可以解决我国高速铁路信号系统不同安全等级网络互联和复杂网络安全管控的问题.      

Pre-emptive channel borrowing and traffic overflowing channel allocation scheme for multimedia overlay networks

This paper proposes a channel allocation scheme for multimedia wireless networks, in which a twolayer macro-cell or micro-cell architecture is considered. Macro-cells are used to access high-mobility services; while micro-cells, which are overlaid by the macro-cells, are used to cater low-mobility services. To analyze the scheme, a multidimensional Markov traffic model is firstly developed, in which traffic characteristic of two special periods of time is considered. And then, a pre-emptive channel-borrowing scheme combined with trafficoverflowing strategy for multimedia (voice, video or data) networks is proposed, in which handoff requests can not only borrow channels from adjacent homogenous cells, but also be overflowed to heterogeneous cells. Priority strategies are also dedicated to high-mobility services for they can pre-empt channels being used by low-mobility services in macro-cells. To meet the high quality of service (QoS) requirements of video services and increase the channel utilization ratio, video services can be transformed between real-time services and non-real-time services as necessary. Simulation results show that our schemes can decrease the blocking probabilities and improve the channel utilization.     

高速铁路列车运行图评价理论与方法

为了提高高速列车运行图的编制质量,在分析高速列车运行图与既有线列车运行图结构差异的基础上,从运行图生产效率、旅客服务质量和动态性能三方面提取评价指标并给出量化方法,建立了完整的高速铁路列车运行图评价指标体系.以郑州至西安北区段高速列车运行图为例进行评价,结果表明:利用本文提出的评价指标体系进行单张列车运行图的编制质量评价方便可行,且可用于多张运行图的比选;郑州-西安区段列车运行图的灰色评价结果为3.294,该区段列车运行图的编制质量为良.      

Train Control to Reduce Delays upon Service Disturbances at Railway Junctions

Train delay is one of the most important indexes to evaluate the service quality of the railway. Because of interactions among different trains, a delayed train may hinder subsequent trains scheduled on other lines at junction area. Trains may be forced to stop or decelerate, which consequently leads to the loss of run-time. This paper proposes a time-saving control method to recover the train delay as much as possible. In the proposed method, golden section search is adopted to identify the optimal train speed at the time of signal upgrade in the conflicting area, which enables the train to depart from the conflicting area as soon as possible. A heuristic method is then developed to attain the train control scheme to realize the optimal train speed at the time of signal upgrade in the conflicting area. Simulation study indicates that the proposed method enables the train to across the conflicting area with smaller run-time and therefore leads to larger delay reduction, in comparison with the traditional maximum speed control method and the green wave control method.     

A New Traffic Model for Mobile Wireless Networks

A new traffic model for mobile wireless networks was given and analysed. In the model, it is considered of traffic characteristic for two special periods of time. A pre-emptive priority scheme combined with channel borrowing strategy according to the speciality was proposed. All the channels can be used by non-real-time services, and real-time services are given higher priority for they are allowed to pre-empt channels used by non-real-time services. Either real-time handoff requests or non-real-time handoff requests can be queued in queues when there is no channel can be used. Some channels are reserved for real-time handoff requests, which can also be used by non-real-time service when they are idle. Simulation results are also given. It is seen that our scheme performs better than other schemes when the arrival rate of real-time services is much higher than non-real-time services.     

铁路小件货物快运产品开行方案研究

随着我国铁路小件货物快运市场的需求日益增长,为了提高铁路小件货物快捷运输产品的市场竞争力,需要提供多等级的小件货物快捷运输服务,并配套相应产品的开行方案.文中以京广通道为例,提出在该通道上组织3种速度等级的小件货物快运产品———高速行邮专列、特快行邮专列、行包专列,并制定了该通道2015年的小件货物快运产品开行方案.