共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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摩托车发动机的连续工作依靠可燃混合气的正常燃烧,即由火花塞高压跳火,点燃混合气形成火焰中心,并以一定的速度连续地向燃烧室四周传播,在极短的时间内把所有的混合气烧完。可燃混合气在气缸内正常燃烧时,缸内压力均匀,发动机声音清晰柔和。若燃烧不是由火花塞点燃(受到某些因素的影响),或其火焰传播速度超过正常的传播速度(正 相似文献
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以直喷天然气发动机为研究对象,基于正庚烷-甲烷化学动力学机理对发动机的燃烧过程进行了三维数值模拟,并对NO_x,CO和炭烟的排放趋势进行了预测。结果表明:对于缩口燃烧室,随着燃烧室凹坑深度的减小和燃烧室喉口直径的增大,天然气扩散燃烧火焰的传播速度越快,指示热效率越高。在燃烧室总深度相当的情况下,直口燃烧室形成的气流运动对天然气扩散火焰传播的促进作用小于缩口燃烧室,且对于直口燃烧室,采用较小的凹坑深度和较大的喉口直径不利于天然气在前期预混燃烧阶段的火焰传播,从而导致指示热效率的降低。采用缩口设计,减小燃烧室凹坑总深度和增大燃烧室凹坑的直径会导致NO_x排放的增加,但有利于CO和炭烟的控制。因此,对于高压直喷天然气发动机,采用缩口燃烧室设计有利于热效率和排放的兼顾,但是需要各个燃烧室尺寸的合理配合。 相似文献
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5.爆震控制
发动机运转过程中,由于点火过早或汽油辛烷值过低,火焰在传播途中,如果压力异常升高时,一些部位的混合气不等火焰传到,就自行着火燃烧,即造成瞬间爆发燃烧,这种现象称为爆震。 相似文献
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用GT-Power和AVL-Fire建立柴油-天然气双燃料发动机燃烧过程的一维模型和燃烧室三维模型,并对模型进行拟合,从一维模型中观察缸内压力、最大压力值位置、最大压力升高率和功率,从三维模型中观察燃烧因子、NOX、Soot、CO和CH_4的变化情况,仿真发现:气缸最大压力值为15.92MPa,最大压力值位置723.4℃CA,最大压力升高率0.75MPa/°CA;随着燃烧因子增加,缸内温度增大,在燃烧点附近产生CO、NO_X、Soot开始增加;当燃烧因子减小时,缸内高温继续扩散,充满燃烧室大部分空间,CO、NOX、Soot均出现先增加后减小的变化;CH_4先均匀充满整个燃烧室,在喷油开始时刻,燃烧室喷油点处的CH_4浓度最大,随着燃烧的进行,CH_4浓度减小,当燃烧结束后,燃烧室边沿浓度较高。 相似文献
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5.爆震控制发动机运转过程中,由于点火过早或汽油辛烷值过低,火焰在传播途中,如果压力异常升高时,一些部位的混合气不等火焰传到,就自行着火燃烧,即造成瞬间爆发燃烧,这种现象称为爆震。爆震的主要危害是:噪声大;在大负荷条件下很 相似文献
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爆震,顾名思义为爆炸性燃烧,又称突爆、爆燃。摩托车发动机的正常工作是依赖于可燃混合气的正常燃烧来完成的,即由火花塞高压打火点燃混合气形成火焰中心,以此中心按一定速率连续地向燃烧室四周传播,在极短的时间内把所有的混合气烧完。通常情况下,发动机的燃烧过程是指从点火到活塞膨胀做功的过程,这一过程大约持续千分之几秒的时间。若一台转速为13500r/min的发动机,其曲轴旋转1 相似文献
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一、谈汽油车发动机爆震的预防措施
汽油车发动机气缸内的可燃混合气,开始是由高压电火花点燃的,然后燃烧的火焰以电火花为中心向外传播,并将燃烧室内混合气引燃,这种燃烧过程为正常燃烧。但是,当发动机维护保养以及汽车使用不当时。则有可能造成在正常的燃烧火焰没有到达之前,其余未被点燃的混合气发生自燃,由于这部分自燃混合气所产生的高压波与正常推进的火焰相交,致使发动机的活塞、连杆、气缸、曲轴等机件发生强烈的震动,从而形成了强烈的缸内敲击声,这种现象就是爆震。 相似文献
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为降低HCNG发动机NOx排放,采用负阀重叠EGR策略,利用AVL-Fire软件对HCNG发动机不同进气门开启角(θIVO)下的进气过程和燃烧过程进行了三维仿真计算,对比分析了采用负阀重叠前后发动机缸内EGR分布和燃烧过程。仿真结果表明:负阀重叠EGR策略下,排气门关闭角(θEVC)固定为340°曲轴转角不变,当θIVO为380°曲轴转角时,既可避免发生回火又能保证一定的进气量及充气效率;采用负阀重叠后,在压缩冲程后期,缸内EGR率呈梯度分布(靠近火花塞位置EGR率较低),更有利于着火及火焰传播;采用负阀重叠可降低缸内最高燃烧压力及最高温度,但会减少进入气缸的新鲜工质,降低发动机功率;通过负阀重叠实现内部EGR可降低NOx排放,但会导致着火困难,燃烧速度变慢;提高点火能量可缩短着火落后期和燃烧持续期,加快燃烧速度。 相似文献
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Mohammad Hassan Shojaeefard Mojtaba Keshavarz 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2018,19(1):9-25
The rotary Atkinson cycle engine includes two modes of combustion: combustion initiation and propagation in ignition chamber and then flame jet entrainment and propagation in expansion chamber. The turbulent flame propagation model is a predictive model for SI engines which could be developed for this type of combustion for the rotary Atkinson engine similar to the congenital engine with pre-chamber; in split combustion chamber SI engines, small amount of fuel is burned in pre-chamber while the fuel burned in ignition chamber of rotary Atkinson cycle is considerable. In this study a mathematical modeling of spherical flame propagation inside ignition chamber and new combined conical flame and spherical flame propagation model of a new two-stroke Atkinson cycle SI engine will be presented. The mathematical modeling is carried out using two-zone combustion analysis and the model also is validated against experimental tests and compared with previous study using non-predictive Weibe function model. 相似文献
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S. S. Merola P. Sementa C. Tornatore 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2011,12(1):93-101
In this paper, flame front propagation during normal and abnormal combustion was investigated. Cycle-resolved flame emission
imaging was applied in the combustion chamber of a port fuel injection-boosted spark ignition engine. The engine was fueled
with a mixture of 90% iso-octane and 10% n-heptane by volume (Primary Reference Fuel 90: PRF90) and commercial gasoline. The
combustion process was monitored from the flame kernel formation until the exhaust valves opened. Different phenomena associated
with abnormal combustion were analyzed, including the fuel deposition burning. Moreover, the ignition surfaces and end-gas
auto-ignitions were investigated in terms of timing, location and frequency of occurrence. The analysis was performed by considering
different knocking intensities for both the selected fuels. 相似文献
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C. B. Yin Z. D. Zhang N. L. Xie Y. D. Sun T. Sun 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2016,17(4):591-604
In this paper, knocking combustion in dual-fuel diesel engine is modeled and investigated using the CFD code coupled with detailed chemical kinetics. The ethanol/gasoline blend E85 is used as the primary fuel in a dual-fuel combustion concept based on a light-duty diesel engine equipped with a common-rail injection system. The E85 blend is injected and well mixed with intake air in the intake manifold and is ignited by the direct injection diesel fuel. A 46-species, 187-reaction Multicomponent mechanism is adopted to model the auto-ignition process of the E85/air/diesel mixture ahead of the flame front. Based on the model validation, knocking combustion under boost and full load operating condition for 0 %, 20 %, 50 %, as well as 70 % E85 substitute energy is simulated. The effects of E85 substitute rate and two stage injection strategies on knock intensity, power output, as well as location of the auto-ignition initiation is clearly reproduced by the model. The calculation result shows that, for a high E85 rate of 50 % and 70 % with single injection strategies, the most serious knock and the origin of auto-ignition always occurs far away from where the flame of diesel spray is first generated, at the center of combustion chamber, due to higher pressure wave, relatively richer E85 mixture and longer distances of flame propagation. The two stage injection strategies with a small amount of diesel pilot injection ahead of the main injection primarily influence the ignition behavior of the directly injected fuel, leads to a lower pressure rise rate and a reduced propagation distance, both of which contribute to the attenuation of knock intensity for a higher E85 rate. 相似文献
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对比研究HCCI汽油机在不同空燃比下采用混合气分层策略时的极限负荷、NOx排放量和燃油经济性,考察了在此策略下过量空气系数λ和EGR率对HCCI发动机燃烧特性的影响。结果表明,混合气分层压缩燃烧模式能有效降低HCCI燃烧的压力升高率,具有拓展负荷范围的潜力,但同时也使NOx排放增加;适当的过量空气系数能在一定程度上改善HCCI发动机的燃烧特性,采用9%的EGR率时发动机油耗率最低,具有明显节油效果。 相似文献