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张金辉李克强徐彪李红 《汽车工程》2018,(10):1151-1157
精确的车辆瞬态燃油消耗估计是车辆节能控制研究的基础,稳态燃油消耗模型受燃油发动机的非线性工作特性、驾驶员的驾驶习惯、车辆行驶的环境、车辆行驶状态、车辆负载等多种因素影响,计算的瞬态燃油消耗与实际燃油消耗偏差较大,现有瞬态油耗模型参数不易标定,因此本文中通过车辆速度与加速度构建了一种新的瞬态燃油消耗估计模型。采用最小二乘法对模型中的参数进行求解,为进一步降低瞬态燃油消耗率的估计偏差,引入指数速度衰减的加权因子,即采用带指数衰减因子的最小二乘法求解油耗模型中的参数,并通过实车试验对瞬态油耗估计方法进行验证。试验结果表明,基于最小二乘法的油耗模型可精确地估计车辆瞬态油耗,带指数速度衰减因子的最小二乘法可进一步降低油耗模型的油耗估计偏差,且估计精度受车辆行驶状态和道路环境等因素影响较小。 相似文献
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《汽车工程》2018,(10)
精确的车辆瞬态燃油消耗估计是车辆节能控制研究的基础,稳态燃油消耗模型受燃油发动机的非线性工作特性、驾驶员的驾驶习惯、车辆行驶的环境、车辆行驶状态、车辆负载等多种因素影响,计算的瞬态燃油消耗与实际燃油消耗偏差较大,现有瞬态油耗模型参数不易标定,因此本文中通过车辆速度与加速度构建了一种新的瞬态燃油消耗估计模型。采用最小二乘法对模型中的参数进行求解,为进一步降低瞬态燃油消耗率的估计偏差,引入指数速度衰减的加权因子,即采用带指数衰减因子的最小二乘法求解油耗模型中的参数,并通过实车试验对瞬态油耗估计方法进行验证。试验结果表明,基于最小二乘法的油耗模型可精确地估计车辆瞬态油耗,带指数速度衰减因子的最小二乘法可进一步降低油耗模型的油耗估计偏差,且估计精度受车辆行驶状态和道路环境等因素影响较小。 相似文献
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车辆行驶条件下,发动机运行参数复杂多变,以瞬态工况为主,其瞬态动力输出一般通过CAN线读取,无法精确测量。文章通过对发动机燃烧原理和摩擦理论的研究,提出了通过缸压传感器检测瞬时缸压及建立发动机摩擦扭矩模型来计算发动机瞬态输出扭矩的方法,并使用发动机台架稳态和瞬态两种试验对本计算模型进行验证。试验结果表明:该方法操作简单,精度高,最高相对误差仅为1.65%,具有很高的可行性,为实现整车路试工况瞬态动力性能测试、校正CAN读取的瞬态动力输出值、竞品车整车状态下瞬态动力性能测试提供了理论指导和技术支撑。 相似文献
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万有特性曲线是一种能够全面评价发动机性能的很好的工具。文中利用Matlab软件,建立了发动机特性模型,绘制了发动机的万有特性曲线,以汽车原地起步换挡加速时间和等速行驶工况燃油消耗作为衡量动力性和燃油经济性的2个分目标,建立动力性目标函数和经济性目标函数。采用线性加权组合的方法将2个分目标函数转换成单一目标函数。采用Matlab软件进行优化计算,找到最优的加权因子即得到动力性与经济性的最佳优化匹配方案。 相似文献
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以某轿车为研究对象,以油箱及排气管吊耳温度问题为例,建立了包含车身、排气管、油箱及其隔热罩等数据的3D数值计算模型,利用热流耦合长瞬态计算方法对一典型坡道工况进行计算,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。该计算方法能有效实现整车长瞬态热保护模拟计算,缩短开发周期,降低开发成本。 相似文献
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A. Momenimovahed J. S. Olfert M. D. Checkel S. Pathak V. Sood L. Robindro S. K. Singal A. K. Jain M. O. Garg 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2013,14(1):1-11
Nanoparticle and gas-phase emission factors are presented for a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) passenger vehicle and are compared to gasoline operation. A bi-fuel LPG-gasoline vehicle certified for use on either fuel was used as the test vehicle so that a direct comparison of the emissions could be made based on fuel choice. These values were considered along with previous studies to determine the relative change in particulate emissions due to fuel choice over a wide range of vehicles and operating conditions. The vehicle examined in this study was tested on a chassis dynamometer for both steadystate and transient conditions. Transient test cycles included the US FTP72 driving cycle, Japanese driving cycle and modified Indian driving cycle while steady-state tests were done at vehicle speeds ranging from 10–90 km/hr in various transmission gears. Exhaust particle size distributions were measured in real-time using a differential mobility spectrometer (DMS50), and particle number and particle mass emission factors were calculated. For both fuels, the majority of the particles ranged from 5 to 160 nm in terms of particle diameter, with typically more than 85% of the particles in the nucleation mode (between 5–50 nm). In most cases, the vehicle produced a greater fraction of larger (accumulation mode) particles when fuelled on LPG. Using the data in the literature as well as the data in the current study, gasoline fuel produces 4.6 times more particles in terms of number and 2.1 times more particles in terms of mass. 相似文献
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S. Tamsanya S. Chungpaibulpatana B. Limmeechokchai 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2009,10(2):251-264
The exhaust emissions and fuel consumption rates of newly registered automobiles in Thailand are currently assessed using
the standard driving cycle of the Economic Commission of Europe (ECE). Because of the highly different driving conditions,
the assessment results may not reflect realistic amounts of emissions and fuel consumption for vehicles in Bangkok traffic,
which is well known for its congestion. The objective of this study is therefore to develop a new driving cycle for vehicles
traveling on Bangkok’s main roads during peak traffic hours. This paper first presents the development of a method for selecting
representative road routes with traffic conditions that are representative of traffic in Bangkok for conducting real-world
driving speed data collection. These real-world data are obtained by driving a car equipped with a speed-time data logger
along those selected road routes. Several driving characteristics, including various profiles of microtrips, are analyzed
from the collected speed-time data, and a number of target driving parameters are then defined for use as a set of criteria
to justify the best driving cycle. A procedure for generating driving cycles from the analyzed real-driving data is also developed,
and the method to select the cycle that is most representative of Bangkok traffic is described. Comparisons found in the study
show that the target driving parameters of the newly developed driving cycle are much closer to those obtained from the real-world
measured data than those calculated from the presently used European drive cycle. This would imply that the obtained driving
cycle will produce more realistic results of the emissions and fuel consumption assessment tests for vehicles traveling in
Bangkok. The methods developed in this study for route selection and driving cycle construction can easily be adopted by other
big cities to develop their own vehicle driving cycles. Furthermore, although the developed methods are for passenger cars,
similar approaches can be applied to develop driving cycles for other types of vehicle, such as city buses and pick-up trucks. 相似文献
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利用实测的公交车运行数据,建立符合公交车运营特点的行驶工况.首先将连续行驶数据进行短行程划分并计算各短行程的特征值;之后采用主成分分析将12个特征值降为4个主成分,利用相关系数法建立了武汉市公交车的综合行驶工况;同时采用聚类分析对短行程分类,构建了公交车在拥堵道路、较畅通道路、畅通道路3类交通条件下的行驶工况;各工况同实测数据的相关系数均超过了0.98.研究结果表明,该地区公交车平均运行速度为19.46 km/h,各行驶模式下的时间比例分别为:加速26.39%、减速23.61%、匀速33.33%、怠速16.67%.此外将所建立综合工况与燃油消耗量测试工况C-WTVC比较,发现二者在平均速度和怠速时间比例方面存在较大差别.因此有必要针对公交车专门开发测试工况,从而为交通和环保部门的公交运营管理提供指导. 相似文献
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为制定最优的能量分配策略,对某款插电式混合动力汽车在不同运行工况下的能量流进行分析。通过试验测试了低SOC状态下整车部件能量传递的相关参数,包括:温度、压力、转矩、转速和流量等,之后计算和分析整车的能量分布,并对比了NEDC和WLTC工况下整车能量流向和能量回收率。结果表明,在电池处于低SOC时,WLTC工况下的发动机平均油耗是NEDC工况平均油耗的1.6倍左右;且两种工况下车辆行驶所消耗的能量绝大部分来自于发动机;另外,WLTC工况行驶能量低于NEDC工况,其差值不足1%,但WLTC工况的能量回收率低于NEDC工况,其差值达2.31%。 相似文献
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新能源汽车的能耗及其经济性与行驶工况高度关联。为了对新能源汽车的能耗进行合理评估,以西安市为例,分别应用聚类分析法、聚类马尔可夫分析法、短行程车速-加速度(Velocity-Acceleration,V-A)矩阵法和变步长V-A矩阵法构建城市客车运行工况,并进一步提出基于自组织映射(Self-organizing Maps,SOM)神经网络聚类的V-A矩阵法。对5种方法构建的工况进行对比和误差分析。在此基础上,基于一款插电式混合动力城市客车,应用全局优化方法——庞特里亚金最小值原理设计能量管理策略,分析车辆能耗和经济性以及5种工况的优缺点。研究结果表明:聚类分析法构建工况的平均特征值误差最大,计算量较大;变步长V-A矩阵法的平均特征值误差小于聚类法,计算量最小;短行程V-A矩阵法与变步长V-A矩阵法误差接近;聚类马尔可夫法的误差居中,计算量最大;基于SOM聚类的V-A矩阵法的平均特征值误差最小,能反映不同路段以及运行时间的差异,且能在聚类之后快速提取短行程的同时兼顾速度和加速度的分布;从能耗角度来看,基于SOM聚类的V-A矩阵法的能耗在5种方法中居中;聚类分析法构建的工况平均车速低于其他工况,但加减速频繁,能耗成本最高;聚类马尔可夫法由于对车速进行平滑处理,加减速频繁程度最小,能耗成本最低。 相似文献
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