An Image Retrieval Method Based on Color and Texture Features

The technique of image retrieval is widely used in science experiment, military affairs, public security,advertisement, family entertainment, library and so on. The existing algorithms are mostly based on the characteristics of color, texture, shape and space relationship. This paper introduced an image retrieval algorithm, which is based on the matching of weighted EMD(Earth Mover‘s Distance) distance and texture distance. EMD distance is the distance between the histograms of two images in HSV(Hue, Saturation, Value) color space, and texture distance is the L1 distance between the texture spectra of two images. The experimental results show that the retrieval rate can be increased obviously by using the proposed algorithm.     

基于双置乱与奇异值分解的彩色图像水印算法

提出了一种基于水印和载体双双置乱的安全水印算法。首先将载体图像由RGB色彩空间转换为YUV彩色空间,再经Fibonacci变换置乱后,对Y分量进行8×8分块,对各块进行奇异值分解。将二值图像经过Arnold置乱后嵌入到Y分量的各块的奇异值中。经仿真实验证明,该算法对JPEG压缩、剪切、旋转、滤波等几何攻击具有比较好的稳健性。     

An information-based color feature representation and its application in detecting adult images

For many image classification tasks, color histogram is usually employed as an important “signature” to describe the color distribution of the image and infer the image content. However, most traditional color histograms cannot achieve satisfactory results in many image classification systems. In order to improve the accuracy and reduce the computational complexity of the classification task, an information-based color feature representation is proposed in this paper. The mutual information between the feature and the class label is adopted to evaluate the discriminative power of the feature. A novel quantization scheme is presented, which removes the redundant color components and combines the adjacent components together to generate a new feature to maximize the discriminative ability. An iterative algorithm is performed to derive the color space quantization and color feature generation. In order to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed color representation, a specific image classification task, i.e., differentiating the adult images from benign ones, is employed. Experimental results show that our color feature achieves better classification performance and better efficiency compared with the traditional color histogram.     

彩色图像中基于几何不变性的数字水印

常规的数字水印算法对几何攻击无能为力,水印算法对几何攻击的鲁棒性被认为是数字水印技术走上实际应用的一个关键点.文中通过对普通的基于几何不变性数字水印算法的分析,提出了一种彩色图像中基于几何不变性的数字水印的嵌入及检测过程,并通过一系列实验证明了该数字水印算法具有很高的抗几何攻击(旋转、缩放等)特性,即提高了鲁棒性.     

用于检测疲劳驾驶的自适应脸部定位方法

针对疲劳驾驶视觉检测技术中驾驶员脸部定位快速性与准确性难以同时满足的情况,提出了一种将肤色和面部几何特征相结合的自适应脸部定位方法。该方法对YCbCr空间肤色相似度和传统Otsu闾值分割算法进行改进,降低了计算复杂度,采用新的区域连通和区域标记算法定位出脸部位置。最后,根据人脸几何特征对脸部区域做进一步确认：试验结果表明,该方法能对驾驶员图像脸部进行快速、准确定位。     

基于HSI空间的模糊C均值彩色图像分割方法

给出了一种在HSI空间上基于模糊C均值的彩色图像分割方法．首先对每个像素根据H分量和I分量计算出4个隶属度,然后将其中的两个隶属度结合形成一个二雏特征矢量来表征像素的全部颜色特征,最后对二维矢量运用模糊C均值聚类算法得到最终的彩色图像分割结果．     

Skin detection method based on cascaded AdaBoost classifier

Skin detection has been considered as the principal step in many machine vision systems, such as face detection and adult image filtering. Among all these techniques, skin color is the most welcome cue because of its robustness. However, traditional color-based approaches poorly perform on the classification of skin-like pixels. In this paper, we propose a new skin detection method based on the cascaded adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) classifier, which consists of minimum-risk based Bayesian classifier and models in different color spaces such as HSV (hue-saturation-value), YCgCb (brightness-green-blue) and YCgCr (brightness-green-red). In addition, we have constructed our own database that is larger and more suitable for training and testing on filtering adult images than the Compaq data set. Experimental results show that our method behaves better than the state-of-the-art pixel-based skin detection techniques on processing images with skin-like background.     

基于Kittler最小误差分割算法的小视场星图分割

小视场星图易受光照不均和噪声影响,常用阈值分割算法存在处理效果不佳或效率较低的不足.针对星图灰度的高斯分布特征,基于贝叶斯最小误差理论,提出利用Kittler最小误差分割算法处理小视场星图.以视频测量机器人为测量平台,以"优度法"、区域一致性、区域对比度和时间复杂度为评价指标,对比了常用的阈值分割算法和一维最大熵法,验...     

多种搜索算法在医学图片彩色迁移上的应用与分析

通过对真彩图像与灰色MRI(核磁共振图像)切片在亮度及纹理等特征上进行配准而实现灰度MRI切片的彩色化,可以得到有效的符合真实人体器官组织的真彩仿真图片。对多种搜索算法如穷举法、随机法、粒子群算法和遗传算法与点邻域亮度分布纹理和局部颜色结构分布相结合并应用于Welsh图像彩色化的算法进行研究和分析。着重分析和修正遗传算法在Welsh彩色化上的应用。该算法将源图像块和目标图像块的亮度特征以及纹理特征构成适应度函数,并依据代数的增加而降低交叉和变异的概率以减少进化后期的跳跃性。其搜索的彩色特征种群经过选择、交叉和变异等操作后逐代进化而得到最终彩色化图像点。最终彩色化的MRI切片的三维重构模型能多层次清晰地反映器官组织的分布和构造。     

Unsupervised color-texture image segmentation

The measure J in J value segmentation （JSEG） fails to represent the discontinuity of color, which degrades the robustness and discrimination of JSEG. An improved approach for JSEG algorithm was proposed for unsupervised color-texture image segmentation. The texture and photometric invariant edge information were combined, which results in a discriminative measure for color-texture homogeneity. Based on the image whose pixel values are values of the new measure, region growing-merging algorithm used in JSEG was then employed to segment the image. Finally, experiments on a variety of real color images demonstrate performance improvement due to the proposed method.     

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针对应用卡尔曼滤波器进行车辆GPS导航信号的动态滤波时难以建立精确的数学模型以及传统小波变换在实时性方面存在不足,提出了基于提升小波变换的GPS动态滤波新算法.该算法采用提升小波变换对车辆GPS导航信号进行分解;用3σ准则和多项式插值方法对各层提升小波变换系数进行粗差探测与数据修复;采用模平方软阈值去噪算法对各层提升小波变换系数进行去噪;最后进行提升小波逆变换,从而实现车辆GPS导航信号的动态滤波。仿真实验结果表明,该算法的导航定位精度优于卡尔曼滤波算法;虽然在导航定位精度方面稍比传统小波变换算法的性能高,但比传统小波变换算法速度快一倍;显然该算法对车辆GPS导航系统是有效的.     

基于激光与视觉融合的车辆自主定位与建图算法

定位与建图是车辆未知环境自主驾驶的基础,激光雷达依赖于场景几何特征而视觉图像 易受光线干扰,依靠单一激光点云或视觉图像的定位与建图算法存在一定局限性。本文提出一 种激光与视觉融合SLAM(Simultaneous Localization And Mapping)的车辆自主定位算法,通过融 合互补的激光与视觉各自优势提升定位算法的整体性能。为发挥多源融合优势,本文在算法前 端利用激光点云获取视觉特征的深度信息,将激光-视觉特征以松耦合的方式输入位姿估计模块 提升算法的鲁棒性。针对算法后端位姿和特征点大范围优化过程中计算量过大的问题,提出基 于关键帧和滑动窗口的平衡选取策略,以及基于特征点和位姿的分类优化策略减少计算量。实 验结果表明：本文算法的平均定位相对误差为 0.11 m 和 0.002 rad,平均资源占用率为 22.18% (CPU)和 21.50%(内存),与经典的 A-LOAM(Advanced implementation of LOAM)和 ORB-SLAM2 (Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF SLAM2)算法相比在精确性和鲁棒性上均有良好表现。     

浅析建筑色彩设计

笔者在文中对建筑色彩的演变历史,建筑色彩的作用及人文特征作了简要介绍,阐述了建筑色彩的运用规律和造型形式,通过对建筑功能与色彩的关系进行分析,提出了色彩对建筑形象表达在美学上的重要意义,并对建筑色彩的发展方向作了概要论述.     

论船舶造型中的色彩设计

船舶造型是功能与美的统一,船舶色彩设计是造型的重要手段.笔者从色彩的心理感觉、船舶色彩的功能、船舶外观和内装色彩特点几方面,阐述了搞好船舶色彩设计的思路和手法.     

基于图像分割的图像检索新方法

利用信息熵理论,提出了一种新的相似性图像检索方法.首先,分割图像,抽取图像的分块颜色信息;再计算图像之间的颜色互信息来确定它们的相似度.与其他的颜色特征描述方法相比,该方法该算法具有抗噪声能力强、精确度高等优点.     

提升高精度图像弱目标视觉质量的高效压缩算法

为了实现对高精度图像进行高效压缩,同时确保重建图像的弱目标区域有较好的保真效果,提出了一种提升弱目标区域质量的基于误差优化编码的高精度图像压缩算法. 首先,使用JPEG-LS （joint photographic experts group lossless）压缩算法对图像数据进行压缩,在游程编码过程中自适应地选择需要二次编码的误差数据,并完成了基于视觉质量的非均匀量化;其次,对量化值进行数据分解,去除量化值之间的相关性,并对分解后的数据进行MQ算术编码的熵编码;图像重建时根据量化间隔重建反量化值,并设计了反量化优化和滤波优化过程;最后,将本文算法与JPEG-LS、JPEG2000 （joint photographic experts group 2000）算法进行了性能比较,结果表明:本算法能够实现高精度图像数据的高效压缩,且复杂度低,易于硬件实现,虽然引入了误差数据二次优化编码等过程,但增加编码的数据量较小,故与JPEG-LS算法的压缩速度相当,然而比JPEG2000算法的压缩速度提升4.47倍;同时有效减少了常规算法造成的信息损失,重建图像的峰值信噪比与JPEG-LS、JPEG2000相当或略低,但弱目标区域的视觉质量及保真效果更好.      

融合边缘检测与区域生长的交通图像分割方法

在交通监控中,如何从复杂的背景中分割运动物体是至关重要的一步,针对车辆的运动阴影对图像分割产生的不利影响,提出了一种新的融合边缘检测与区域生长的彩色图像分割算法,算法同时考虑了图像的彩色信息和空间信息.该算法首先对彩色图像边缘检测,并根据检测结果设置种子像素;再基于颜色相似性生长准则,结合边缘检测结果,对每个种子点进行区域生长;最后,利用区域合并算法对剩余的像素进行合并.实验结果表明该算法很大程度上克服了阴影给图像分割带来的不利影响.     

COLOR IMAGE QUANTIZATION WITH EVOLUTIONARY PROGRAMMING

Introduction　　 The need for quantization of color images isarised because of the limitations of image displayand hardcopy,data storage and data transmissiondevices.The color image quantization is a complexdata clustering problem due to the broad distribu-tion of local optima in the three- dimensional colorspace. Many of the present algorithms for colorquantization find non- optimal solutions,giving riseto visible shifts in color and false contours whenthe number of quantization colors is sma…     

EFFECTIVE PITCH ESTIMATION ALGORITHM UNDER LOW SNR CIRCUMSTANCE

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＩＶＥＰＩＴＣＨＥＳＴＩＭＡＴＩＯＮＡＬＧＯＲＩＴＨＭＵＮＤＥＲＬＯＷＳＮＲＣＩＲＣＵＭＳＴＡＮＣＥＬｕＷｅｉ（陆伟）ＣｈｅｎＪｉａｎ（陈健）ＣｈｅｎＹａｊｕｎ（陈亚骏）（ＤＳＰＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ，Ｄｅｐｔ．ｏｆＥｌｅｃｔ...     

基于颜色差分特性的图像篡改检测

由于自然场景中目标物体表面的反射特性,以及图像采集过程中的CFA插值算法会使得图像三颜色分量之间具有相关性,特别是颜色分量的高频信息之间有近似相等的关系.拼接篡改操作会降低颜色高频分量的谱间相关性,同时也会给图像带来额外的高频信息.本文利用自然图像颜色通道高频分量之间的相关性,分析颜色差分图像中高频信息的分布情况来检测是否有拼接篡改操作.实验证明本文提取的高频特征分类效果较好,能够检测出图像的拼接篡改边缘.