海洋内波的红外成像机理—冷表皮剪切模型

海洋内波是海洋中常见的现象,与表面波一样是海洋中的一种重要动力形式,其表面流场的辐散辐聚会引起海表温度的微弱变化,文章通过冷表皮剪切模型阐述了海洋内波表面流场调制海表温度的具体物理机制,并对现有冷表皮剪切模型进行改进,使其仿真结果与海上实验所得海表温度波动量级一致。最终通过海上实验验证,结果表明改进的冷表皮剪切模型是可信的。     

鲸豚表皮微尺度柔性变形的减阻原理研究

鲸豚类海洋高速动物具有突出的低阻高效游动能力,一直是仿生学的重要研究对象.为了探索柔性表皮减阻的可行性,在参考国外关于活体齿鲸类海洋动物表皮观测结果的基础上,本文采用RANS方法和动网格技术建立了仿生表皮微尺度柔性变形的数值模拟方法.文中对不同柔性变形的仿生表皮,以及刚性波面、刚性平板开展了对比数值计算,详细对比了流场和阻力成分,并重点分析了减阻原理.研究表明,随行波柔性表皮在波速高到一定程度时可实现明显减阻.     

柔性表皮减阻性能试验和减阻机理探索

对以中国化工新材料总公司海洋化工研究院为主开发的聚脲类等柔性表皮试样在循环水槽中进行阻力测试,并据此修改配料,最后得到的试样能减阻13～15%.本文也从数学上对柔性表皮具有减阻功能的机理进行了推证.     

海南陵水温差能冷排水水温及环境影响的数值模拟研究

通过数值模拟手段建立三维水动力模型,模拟了海洋温差能冷排水对表层海水温度的影响,并利用实测潮位及流速资料验证了模型的可靠性。通过模拟结果可以得出冷排水在海洋表层和垂直剖面上均造成了显著温降,且表层温降范围受流向影响较大,并随着流向变化不断发展。研究发现温降会造成温跃层上界深度下移,对海洋生物生长也有显著影响。     

新型250t肋骨冷弯机机构特点《造船技术》2000．6P24—26

本文介绍武汉理工大学船舶及海洋工程系研制的达到国际领先水平的新型250t肋骨冷弯机的技术性能。     

高强马氏体不锈钢板冷脆性的研究

本文采用能量转变、断裂转变方法，在室温到液氮系列温度下，对０Ｃｒ１６Ｎｉ５Ｍｏ钢板的冷脆性作了较深入的研究。结果表明，该材料除了具备已有的高强度和较高的耐海水和海洋大气腐蚀外，其抗冷脆断裂性能也十分突出，可作为良好的低温用结构材料。     

对海洋平台重量控制及结构开孔补强的研究

海洋平台的重量控制,是平台设计和建造的关键技术指标之一,也是决定平台设计和建造成功与否的主要因素之一。本文介绍了海洋平台重量控制的重要性,及在生产设计优化综合布置时,管系、电缆及冷通风空调各专业贯穿平台主结构时的开孔,在保证主结构强度的同时,又能控制结构的重量的补强方法和措施。     

VS4616型三用工作船箱冷拆卸工艺仿真

随着虚拟仿真技术的不断发展,在虚拟仿真研究平台建设及技术研究的基础上,成功地运用虚拟仿真技术研究成果解决实际船舶建造中的重难点问题,实现了对VS4616AHTS型海洋平台三用工作船箱形冷却器(简称箱冷)拆卸工艺的仿真及验证,基于三维模型对每个箱冷的拆卸路径和运动姿态进行规划,并对拆卸的全过程进行动态干涉检查,生成干涉检查报告反馈给生成设计人员,设计人员对三维综合布置进行优化,直至拆卸工艺顺利通过仿真验证,为该型船的建造和维护提供仿真及验证的技术支持。     

我国海洋产业可持续发展研究

海洋产业可持续发展是资源有限条件下的必然选择,本文选取了人均水产品产量等15个指标建立了海洋产业可持续发展水平的指标体系,并分析了产业结构等影响海洋产业可持续发展的影响因素.通过海洋生态-资源-经济良性发展循环系统和恶性发展循环系统模型分析,得出在科技为动力和政策为保障的条件下整个海洋产业可持续发展循环系统的运行机制,并提出海洋生态补偿机制、海洋高新技术产业化等海洋产业可持续发展对策.     

海洋平台双层一体化建造可行性分析

文章通过分析现有海洋平台的建造方法,并结合海洋平台的结构特点,提出了海洋平台双层一体化建造的方法.利用SACS软件,模拟了海洋平台双层片预制完成后总装时的结构强度.模拟结果显示,海洋平台双层片一体化建造时的结构强度及变形满足规范要求.该建造方法可行,并在某海洋平台建造时成功地进行了应用.     

海洋内波的红外探测

海洋内波是海洋中常见的现象,与表面波一样是海洋中的一种重要动力形式,其产生的流场会引起海表温度的微弱变化。随着红外遥感技术及各种红外传感器精度的不断提高,通过遥感探测内波所致海表温度的微弱变化来观测内波已经成为一种可能,但现阶段关于内波调制海表温度的具体机理还不清楚。     

海港锚地布置相关安全距离研究

针对海港锚地与建构筑物和海底电缆管线等的安全距离问题,对沿海各锚地使用管理单位进行调研,将国内外规范中对于锚地布置安全距离的规定进行对比分析,针对已有的船舶走锚事故报告并结合实时船舶操纵模拟试验进行综合分析,最终得出海港锚地与建筑物、构筑物和海底电缆管线等的安全距离建议值,为海港锚地设计提供依据。     

EMD在海洋内波研究中的应用

采用南海内波的实测资料,利用EMD方法对内波波动进行水平和垂向的分解,并由低频模态拟合函数并叠加得到了内波引起的温度波动的函数,由垂向位移得到了内波垂向模态的一种获取方法,为非线性的海洋内波研究提供了依据。     

风电运维船与风机塔基耦合水动力响应分析研究

海上风电运维船通常采用船首顶靠海上风机塔基靠船桩的方式来保证风机维护人员的安全登塔,因此对其在相应海况条件下的纵摇、升沉等水动力响应进行分析研究很有必要.本文采用Fine/Marine和AQWA软件,对某运维船在实际海况条件下的耦合水动力响应进行分析研究,从而为风电维护人员的安全登离以及辅助登离设备的研发提供参考.     

冰区航行船层冰作用下的结构响应

船冰碰撞是一个复杂的动力学过程,如何得到碰撞中的冰载荷一直是船舶碰撞研究领域的热点之一.本文分别建立300000 t冰区航行船和层冰的有限元模型,基于弹塑性理论及非线性有限元理论,利用MSC.Dytran对其碰撞进行数值仿真,模拟了船首及层冰的接触碰撞过程,最终得到船冰碰撞过程中的碰撞力、船首结构响应、船航速变化及能量耗散等参数.分析船冰碰撞过程中的碰撞机理及特性,并对冰区航行船特别是其船壳提出结构加强的建议,为设计冰区航行船提供一定的参考.     

Impact of freshwater on a subarctic coastal ecosystem under seasonal sea ice (southeastern Hudson Bay, Canada). I. Interannual variability and predicted global warming influence on river plume dynamics and sea ice

Analysis of sea ice cover, runoff and air temperature observations in Hudson Bay shows marked interannual variability. This variability is thought to play a major role in determining overall productivity of the coastal ecosystem by changes to river plume extent, under-ice light conditions and nutrient levels during spring. Extensive field work off the Great Whale River in southeastern Hudson Bay has shown the importance of freshwater discharge, sea ice cover and meteorological forcing on the production of under-ice microalgae and the success of first feeding in fish larvae.Recent global climate model (GCM) results for a doubling of present atmospheric carbon dioxide indicate increases of both air temperature and precipitation in the Hudson Bay area. Predictions based on GCM results are used to estimate future changes to the sea ice and runoff regime. Sea ice breakup in the offshore is predicted to occur about one month earlier than presently. Estimates of the spring freshet in the Great Whale River indicate it will also advance by approximately one month. Onset of the spring freshet will occur about one month before Hudson Bay ice breakup, similar to present. A predicted reduction of about 35% in maximum sea ice thickness will lead to an increase in the ice-ocean interface irradiance and a decrease in melt water input to the Hudson Bay surface waters. These results are used in a discussion of potential effects of global climate change on northern coastal marine environments.     

The influence of upwelling and entrainment on the algal bloom in the Baltic Sea

Hydrodynamic processes control many geochemical and ecological processes in the sea. In this paper, the influence of up- and downwelling and entrainment on the ecosystem components are studied. The ecohydrodynamic model was initially used to simulate the whole Baltic Sea to get the boundary conditions for the Gulf of Riga. Then, to study the influence of different hydrodynamic conditions on the algal bloom, three simulations were made for the Gulf of Riga using different boundary and entrainment conditions. It appears that upwelling in the gulf was strongly dependent on open boundary conditions between the Baltic Proper and the gulf. The vertical transport in the Gulf of Riga was many times more intensive in the calculation system Baltic Proper and Gulf of Riga, than in the case where only the Gulf of Riga was simulated. The blue–green algal bloom was influenced by the vertical transport due to different nutrients' limitation mechanism.     

无人机机载传感器对海扫描宽度分析

对于无人机（UAV）执行对海目标搜索任务来说,不同传感器的扫描宽度是衡量搜索效率的重要因素.论文构建了无人机机载光电/红外传感器（EO/IO）和机载合成孔径雷达对海扫面宽度模型,对研究无人机对海目标搜索问题提供参考.     

Interannual variation of the Polar Front in the Japan/East Sea from summertime hydrography and sea level data

The Polar Front in the Japan/East Sea separates the southern warm water region from the northern cold water region. A merged TOPEX/POSEIDON and ERS-1/2 altimeter dataset and upper water temperature data were used to determine the frontal location and to examine the structure of its interannual variability from 1993 to 2001. The identified frontal location, where sea surface height gradient has a maximum about 10–20 cm over the horizontal distance of 100 km, corresponds well to the maximum subsurface horizontal temperature gradient. The front migrates more widely (36°N–41°N) in the western part of the sea than in the eastern part. The interannual migration induces large variability in upper water temperatures and sea surface height in the western region. Responsible physical mechanisms were studied using a reduced-gravity model. Differences between inflow and outflow change the total volume of warm water, and total warm water volume change in the warm water region uniformly pushes the front in the meridional direction across its mean position in the model simulation. Interannual variation of wind stress causes relatively wide migration of the modeled front in the western part.     

Response of the Black Sea mean level to atmospheric pressure and wind forcing

The response of the Black Sea mean level to atmospheric pressure (AP) and wind forcing is investigated using 5 years of TOPEX/POSEIDON (T/P hereafter) data. A coherence analysis is first applied to mean sea level and pressure to examine the validity of the inverse barometer (IB) approximation over this area. As expected, it reveals very significant deviations from an IB response attributed to the narrowness of the Bosphorus Strait and its limiting role in water exchanges. A comparison is drawn with the Mediterranean Sea case. A single basin version of the Candela analytical model [Candela, J., 1991. The Gibraltar Strait and its role in the dynamics of the Mediterranean Sea. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans 15, 267–300], which takes linear friction at the strait into account, is then used. The model explains a significant part of the T/P mean sea level variance (about 30%, while the IB correction only explains 5% of its variance) and provides a means to correct the altimeter data for the pressure effect much better than the standard IB effect. The response of the mean sea level to wind forcing is then analysed. Coherence analysis between sea level and along-strait wind stress (WS) reveals a significant coherence at periods ranging from 40 to 100 days, with an almost steady phase of 270°. This result is confirmed with a multiple coherence analysis (mean sea level vs. WS and AP). A plausible mechanism is a piling-up of water at the northern or southern end of the strait due to along-strait wind forcing. The associated along-strait pressure gradient would modify the barotropic flow in the strait and then the mean sea level. Using an extension of the Candela model, we show that this mechanism is consistent with T/P mean sea level observations.