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<正>本文研究的重点,是大客车在实际行驶过程中乘员所感受到的路面颠簸,通常是指车辆在行驶过程中由于车速变化或路面不平而引起的车辆垂直方向振动加速度的改变~([1]),以及由此对乘员的生理和心理产生的影响。本文通过定量计算车身垂直加速度的影响因素和影响规律,定性分析车辆垂直加速度与乘客舒适度~([2-5])之间的关系。1大客车动力学模型 相似文献
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汽车在不平整道路上行驶时的动力分析和实验 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文分析了汽车在不平整路面(波浪路面)上行驶时的纵向角振动和竖向振动问题。在研究竖向振动时,把纵向角振动的影响考虑进去,给出了振动方程的解。对于汽车振动时,车轮给予路面的附加动荷载的计算问题着重进行了讨论,并研制了电子称测定车辆以不同速度通过不同的不平整时,车轮对路面作用的动荷载值。试验结果和计算值的一致性,证明了本文分析方法的正确性。 相似文献
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为了在越野行驶车辆平顺性仿真系统中实时动态反映车辆的振动特性,提出了基于小波变换的松软越野路面突变性描述方法并分析突变性对车辆垂向振动的影响。通过小波变换对路面奇异点进行测定和定位,把越野车辆平顺性仿真系统看作是在有限时间内受到随机载荷激励的动力系统,分析其受路面突变载荷的车辆的垂直振动响应方差。结果表明,小波变换能较准确地判定路面奇异点并对其定位,可为越野车辆平顺性虚拟测试系统提供路面随机输入。 相似文献
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《公路交通科技》2017,(12)
考虑路面不平整度激励下车路耦合振动的研究主要是在频域范畴内利用线弹性模型进行。利用有限元方法建立了考虑路面不平整度因素的车路耦合非线性数值模型,分别研究了不同路面不平整度、不同车辆行驶速度、不同车辆载重和不同路基强度等影响因素下的道路结构振动响应情况。考虑道路结构本身的复杂性,每一结构层对振动的响应均会表现不同,为了突出和便于比较影响因素下的变化趋势,故取路表位移响应作为研究对象。研究发现:无论在何种路面条件下行驶,道路位移响应都可以明显地分为3个阶段,暂称为:车辆临近、车辆进行和车辆离去;路面平整度越差,路面结构位移也越大,C级路面下的最大位移量是A级路面的1.31倍;路面响应的最大位移峰值主要受车辆自重影响,而在车辆进行阶段出现的一些小的位移振动峰值主要受路面不平整而引起的随机振动影响,而且这些小的振动峰值随着路面不平整度的变差而增大,随着车辆行驶速度的增大,路面最大位移量变小,但是最大位移量的变化幅度很小,趋势不是很明显;车辆超载后,路面最大位移量增大明显,超载比例达到100%情况下,路面变形增大幅度在50%~109%之间;路基强度降低后,路面最大位移量明显增大,路基强度降低28%后,路面变形增大幅度在15%左右。 相似文献
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先进的底盘控制系统的发展趋势 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
电子控制的底盘系统,通过优化轮胎与路面的相互作用(纵向、侧向和垂直方向),大大地提高了车辆的安全性。防抱死制动系统(ABS)、四轮驱动(4WD)和牵引控制系统(TCS)是优化纵向动态稳定性的三种常用的技术。传统的四轮驱动系统采用一个带粘度耦合器的分动箱。当前后轮转数不等时,该耦合器就接合。但是,据摩托罗拉的产品开发人员介绍,新的电子控制系统则更加有效,因为这种四轮驱动系统在运作前不需要有显著的打滑发生,而传动系统的扭转以及牵引和制动能力都得到更好地优化。 相似文献
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G. Ruf 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》1978,7(1):1-23
When applying the known power spectra of the random road roughness to the suspension behaviour of a four-wheeled vehicle, each of the four vertical input signals together with their related interdependence are to be considered, if exact results are to be obtained. The correlations are determined by way of calculation. The resulting roughness spectra of bounce, pitch, roll and torsional excitations will be applied to various vehicles, characterized by different design parameters. By means of a three-dimensional simulation model the virtual values of the random vehicle vibrations are calculated, while determining at the same time the influence of vehicle speed, waviness exponent, track width, wheel base, and axle design feature as well as the relationship between the vertical vibrations and the reference point in the vehicle body. 相似文献
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Yean-Seng Wu Yeong-Bin Yang Jong-Dar Yau 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2001,36(1):1-35
A vehicle-rail-bridge interaction (VRBI) model for analysing the 3D dynamic interaction between the moving trains and railway bridge was developed. By the dynamic condensation scheme, three types of vehicle-rail interaction (VRI) elements were derived, by which the vehicle and bridge responses, as well as the wheel / rail contact forces, can be computed. Track irregularity of random nature was taken into account. The results indicate that resonance can occur in both the lateral and torsional vibrations of the bridge, as well as in the vertical vibration. Under the crossing of two face-to-face moving trains, the vertical vibration of the bridge is greatly intensified, while the lateral and torsional responses may be increased or reduced, depending on how the two trains cross each other. Finally, two common indices are used to assess the possibility of derailment for trains passing over the bridge at different speeds. 相似文献
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空间缆索自锚式悬索桥的主缆直接锚固在加劲梁上,同时由于主缆的空间特性,与地锚式悬索桥及传统平面索相比,其动力性能存在很大的差异.针对青岛海湾大桥大沽河航道桥建立非线性空间有限元模型,对其动力特性及结构刚度影响规律进行了分析.结果表明,该桥振型基本合理,具有密布的频谱;作为自锚式悬索桥其整体刚度较低,固有周期较长;单柱式桥塔的横向刚度较弱,横向振动出现较早;另外,由于缆索横向间距较小,刚度较小,前10阶振型中有5阶索振.各振型受结构刚度的影响不同,主缆刚度主要影响悬索桥的1阶竖弯及扭转,加劲梁竖向刚度对加劲梁1阶竖弯及加劲梁扭转振型影响较大,横向刚度主要影响悬索桥的加劲梁横向振型,扭转刚度主要影响悬索桥的1阶扭转振型;主塔纵向刚度主要影响悬索桥的纵飘振型;横向刚度主要影响索塔的1阶横向振型. 相似文献
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车桥耦合作用下,钢-混凝土组合梁桥竖向振动问题比较突出,这将影响行人的安全及舒适性。以中国某三跨双工字钢-混凝土组合连续梁桥为研究对象,对桥梁进行车桥耦合振动分析及控制。基于Newmark-β法在ANSYS中利用APDL语言建立车桥耦合振动模型,并对不同车重、车速和路面等级下的桥梁竖向加速度振动响应进行分析。在桥梁各跨跨中安装调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)对桥梁振动进行控制,采用最佳参数调整方法确定TMD参数。对安装TMD前后的桥梁振动响应进行对比分析,并结合Sperling指标对行人舒适度进行评价。研究结果表明:车速、车重和路面等级均是导致行人舒适度变差的重要因素;2辆同型号车辆按相应车道并排行驶,安装TMD后,随着车速的增大,桥梁跨中竖向加速度峰值减小率逐渐增大,当车速为120 km·h-1时,桥梁跨中竖向加速度峰值减小率达到43.7%,Sperling指标从2.76降到2.33,振动控制效果最为明显;随着车重的增加,桥梁跨中竖向加速度峰值减小率基本呈增大趋势,当各车重为40 t时,桥梁跨中竖向加速度峰值减小率为29.1%,Sperling指标从2.20减小到1.99,行人舒适度得到了较大改善;随着路面不平顺等级的增大,桥梁跨中竖向加速度峰值减小率也逐渐增大,C级路面时加速度峰值减小率可达到29.4%,控制效果明显。因此,安装TMD对不同车重、车速和路面等级下的桥梁跨中竖向加速度响应均起到了控制作用,对双工字钢-混凝土组合连续梁桥安装TMD可以有效地改善行人舒适度。 相似文献
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基于RBF神经网络识别路面谱的新方法 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
路面不平度是车辆行驶中振动的重要激励。为了识别路面不平度的功率谱密度函数(路面谱),提出了一种基于径向基函数(RBF)神经网络识别路面谱的新方法。该方法以7自由度汽车振动模型为基础,以MATLAB软件仿真得到的汽车车身质心垂直加速度谱为神经网络理想输入样本,以GB7031-86建议的路面谱为神经网络理想输出样本,应用RBF神经网络建立汽车车身质心垂直加速度谱和路面谱之间的非线性映射模型。另取一组仿真得到的车身质心垂直加速度谱代入已训练好的网络进行路面谱识别。结果表明:该方法具有较强的抗噪声能力和较理想的识别精度,识别的路面谱与拟合的路面谱吻合一致。 相似文献
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Minimizing the engine-induced harshness based on the DOE method and sensitivity analysis of the full vehicle NVH model 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An efficient procedure for minimizing the engine-induced harshness based on NVH analysis results of a full vehicle model was
developed in this study, taking stiffness and strength constraints into account. Although extensive research may be found
in the literature in the field of engine support system optimization, no other studies have considered the compliances and
resonances of the structure of the vehicle. In the present paper, NVH analysis results of the whole vehicle were used in an
optimization procedure to suppress the transmitted vibration. A procedure was developed to minimize the transmitted accelerations
to the mid-point of the driver’s seat rail. A DOE-based response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted to determine the optimal
solution. Natural frequencies of the body, suspension, and other subsystems were taken into consideration in determining the
optimal solution. NVH analysis was performed for two types of inputs: (a) vertical vibration due to vertical unbalanced forces
and (b) torsional vibration due to oscillations in the output torque of the engine. 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(10):1135-1154
This paper presents a model simulating rail roughness growth in which the interaction of a wheelset with the track is considered. The aim is to investigate any possible mechanism for roughness growth due to the coupling between the vertical dynamics, the torsional vibration across the axle of the wheelset and the non-steady contact mechanics. The time-domain simulations are carried out for a driven wheelset on tangent track. Both rigid and flexible are considered with parameter variations for moments of the wheelset, vehicle speeds and wavelengths of initial roughnesses. The 2D non-Hertzian and non-steady contact model used in simulations are based on influence coefficients obtained from a boundary element model. The nonlinear development of the rail roughnesses after millions of wheelset passages is also presented. 相似文献