新型交叉式静音钢轨的理论与试验研究

为降低轮轨噪音,提出了一种新型交叉式静音钢轨.与传统的静音钢轨不同,其在钢轨和阻尼层之间增加了一层扩展层,且扩展层与约束层交错布置.采用有限元法对该结构进行了优化设计,根据优化结果(扩展层宜用厚1 mm的铝材,阻尼层宜用IPN型阻尼材料,约束层宜用厚2 mm的钢材)制作实物并进行了试验测试.测试结果表明:在垂向和横向激励下,该交叉式静音钢轨振动持续的时间仅为标准钢轨的1/5,噪声声辐射声压级分别比标准钢轨降低10.4和13.2 dB.      

基于独立分量分析的诱发电位信号提取方法

诱发电位（EP）信号在检测神经系统状态时有重要意义，但EP信号总是没在自发脑电波（EEG）信号中，因此，为利用EP信号诊断神经系统的损伤和病变，需要从二的混合信号中提出EP信号。独立分量分析（ICA）是一种新近发展起来的信号分离方法。本反ICA方法应用于EP信号的提取，并与传统的滤波方法进行了比较。计算模拟表明，采用ICA方法进行噪声分离的结果明显优于信号滤波方法。     

脑梗塞患者血浆β-内啡肽及血清MDA、SOD的变化

目的　探讨 β-内啡肽在缺血性脑损伤中的作用机制。方法　应用放射免疫分析法对 46例急性脑梗塞患者血浆β-内啡肽 (β- EP)及血清丙二醛 (MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)含量进行测定。结果　梗塞急性期 β- EP及 MDA、SOD含量均显著升高 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,病情越重 ,含量越高 ;而且血浆β- EP与 MDA含量呈显著正相关 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,β- EP与 SOD含量 ,在轻型病人相关性不明显 ,在中型和重型病人呈显著正相关 (P <0 .0 1 ,P <0 .0 5)。结论　内源性阿片肽和自由基在缺血性脑损伤中具有重要的作用 ,且内源性阿片肽与自由基的产生有一定的相关关系     

Sound Radiation Analysis of Damping Structure Based on Response Surface Method

The methods of modifying dimension and shape of structure, or covering damping material are effective to reduce structure-borne noise, while these methods are based on the knowledge of qualitative and quantitative relationship between sound radiation and design parameters. In order to decrease the complexity of the problem, response surface method(RSM) was utilized to analyze and optimize the vibro-acoustic properties of the damping structure. A simple case was illustrated to demonstrate the capabilities of the developed procedure. A structure-born noise problem was approximated by a series of polynomials using RSM. Three main performances were considered, i.e. sound radiation power, first order modal frequency and total mass. Consequently, the response surface model not only gives the direction of design modification, it also leads to an optimal design of complex systems.     

聚氨酯改性沥青改性机理和性能

为了解决聚合物改性沥青储存稳定性差、易离析、易老化等问题, 利用聚氨酯(PU) 对沥青进行化学改性; 制备了PU改性沥青, 采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、动态热机械分析(DMA) 和差示扫描量热法(DSC) 试验研究了PU改性沥青的改性机理, 采用Brookfield旋转黏度试验、动态剪切流变(DSR) 试验、低温弯曲梁流变(BBR) 试验、旋转薄膜烘箱加热试验(RTFOT) 和紫外老化试验等评价了PU改性沥青、SBS改性沥青和70#基质沥青的性能。研究结果表明: 圆盘锯齿式搅拌器可以很好地暴露沥青中的活性基团, 使PU达到较好的改性效果; PU改性沥青中主要存在2种反应, 一是异氰酸酯与多元醇之间反应生成氨基甲酸酯, 二是异氰酸酯与沥青质中的芳香族化合物之间发生加成反应; PU改性沥青的高温布氏黏度高于同温度下的SBS改性沥青, 且64℃时的抗车辙因子是SBS改性沥青的6倍左右, 说明其高温性能非常优异; PU改性沥青RTFOT前后针入度比达到了85%, 软化点变化幅度为0.5℃, 说明其抗热氧老化性能非常优异; 在紫外老化试验中, PU改性沥青软化点和针入度变化范围分别为1℃~4℃和0.1~0.3 mm, 说明其抗紫外老化性能非常优异。      

A New Fine Damping Method for Solid ESG Rotor

Introduction The spin axis of ESG rotor will move alongclosed trajectories periodically after spin up, thetrajectories enclose either the maximum or theminimum principal axis of inertia depending on theinitial conditions, which is classical polhode mo-tion[1-4]. It is necessary to damp the polhode mo-tion to ensure that the spin axis is aligned with therotor maximum principal axis of inertia for ESGsignal readout. Passive damping and active damp-ing are two common schemes to fulfill this pro…     

认知无线电带宽频谱感知性能分析及优化

为了降低认知无线电中主用户受到的干扰,根据主用户状态的变化,通过将通信带宽分为感知频带和传输频带,建立了次用户在整个帧周期内进行带宽频谱感知的模型.该模型中,次用户在每个帧使用部分带宽进行频谱感知,其余的带宽传输数据.在限制主用户受到的干扰和次用户虚警概率的基础上,通过联合优化感知带宽比和检测概率,最大化次用户的频谱效率.使用MATLAB软件仿真模型的干扰概率和频谱效率,结果表明:相比传统的时间频谱感知,当虚警概率为0.5时,带宽频谱感知能够使主用户受到干扰的概率降低30%;当干扰概率为0.2时,带宽频谱感知能够使次用户的频谱效率提高0.3 (bit/s)/Hz.      

ZA27高阻尼合金的阻尼特性及微观机理的研究

研究了经过稀土、Ti变质处理和固溶自然时效处理的ZA27合金的阻尼特性,探讨了其阻尼机理,分析了变质处理及固溶自然时效处理对提高合金阻尼性能的作用。与铸态合金比较,经过变质、固溶自然时效处理后的合金,其阻尼性能有明显提高。阻尼性能提高是由于组织细化、界面增多以及位错增殖所致。     

高聚物改性剂与沥青混容问题的分析

通过研究和分析改性剂与沥青的作用机理,对高聚物改性荆与沥青的溶胀过程以及影响相容性的因素进行初步的探讨,可得出鲒论：只有具备适当的相容性,同时又有良好的界面性质,沥青与高聚物改性剂的作用效果才最好。     

青藏铁路新型路基保温材料应用试验研究

为考察聚苯乙烯泡沫板(EPS)和聚氨酯泡沫板(PU)的工程应用效果,在青藏铁路多年冻土路基试验段进行了现场测试.结果表明,2种新型保温材料均具有较好的保温隔热性能,且PU板优于EPS板,保温性能与板厚之间存在非线性关系.较之对比断面,有保温板的断面基底年平均地温降低,上限抬升,有利于保护多年冻土.动态行车试验表明,保温板路基满足列车以100 km/h的速度运行的安全性与舒适性要求.     

Price-based power control algorithm in cognitive radio networks based on monotone optimization

This paper considers a price-based power control problem in the cognitive radio networks(CRNs).The primary user(PU) can admit secondary users(SUs) to access if their interference powers are all under the interference power constraint. In order to access the spectrum, the SUs need to pay for their interference power.The PU first decides the price for each SU to maximize its revenue. Then, each SU controls its transmit power to maximize its revenue based on a non-cooperative game. The interaction between the PU and the SUs is modeled as a Stackelberg game. Using the backward induction, a revenue function of the PU is expressed as a non-convex function of the transmit power of the SUs. To find the optimal price for the PU, we rewrite the revenue maximization problem of the PU as a monotone optimization by variable substitution. Based on the monotone optimization, a novel price-based power control algorithm is proposed. Simulation results show the convergence and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm compared to the non-uniform pricing algorithm.     

Turbo-Coded Modulation of EVRC Speech Encoder with Unequal Error Protection for Fading Channels

The Enhanced Variable Rate Codec (EVRC) is a standard for the Speech Service Opti6n 3 for Wideband Spread Spectrum Digital System, which has been employed in both IS-95 cellular systems and ANSI J-STC-008 PCS (Personal Communications Systems). This paper investigated the combination of turbo codes with Unequal Error Protection (UEP) and 16-QAM modulation for EVRC codec of Rate 1 to get power and bandwidth efficient coding scheme. The results show that the UEP system outperforms the Equal Error Protection (EEP) one by 1.45dB at BER of 10^-5.     

Simplified model for evaluation of VIV-induced fatigue damage of deepwater marine risers

A simplified empirical model for fatigue analysis of deepwater marine risers due to vortex-induced vibration (VIV) in non-uniform current is presented. A simplified modal vibration equation is employed according to the characteristics of deepwater top tensioned risers. The response amplitude of each mode is determined by a balance between the energy feeding into the riser over the lock-in regions and the energy dissipated by the fluid damping over the remainder based on the data from self-excited oscillation and forced oscillation experiments of rigid cylinders. Multi-modal VIV fatigue loading is obtained by the square root of the sum of squares approach.Compared with previous works, this model can take fully account of the main intrinsic natures of VIV for low mass ratio structures on lock-in regions, added mass and nonlinear fluid damping. In addition, a closed form solution of fatigue damage is presented for the case of a riser with uniform mass and cross-section oscillating in a uniform flow. Fatigue analysis of a typical deepwater riser operating in Gulf of Mexico and West Africa shows that the current velocity profiles affect the riser's fatigue life significantly and the most dangerous locations of the riser are also pointed out.     

磁流变半主动座椅悬架建模及振动特性分析

磁流变阻尼器力学模型及控制电流逆模型对半主动控制系统的控制精度具有重要影响.采用正弦及余弦型魔术公式，基于骨架曲线与滞回分离的建模方法，建立改进的磁流变阻尼器动态阻尼力模型；采用基于Sobol序列的差分-禁忌混合优化算法对阻尼力模型进行参数识别，构建包含激励特性及控制电流参数的通用数学模型；在试验测试及正向模型基础上，利用自适应神经模糊系统建立阻尼器控制电流逆模型.研究结果表明：本文建立的正逆模型均能够有效表征磁流变阻尼器的非线性行为及滞回特性；改进魔术公式模型在不同激励特性及电流工况下的平均百分比误差在3.4%附近变化；逆向动力学模型计算的控制电流误差均方根值为0.086 9～0.1171 A；经过控制电流逆模型与阻尼器正向模型串联模型计算的预测阻尼力误差均方根值为阻尼器最大阻尼力的5.6%；通过试验测试与仿真结果对比，验证了本文提出的阻尼器数学模型具有较好的精度和适用性，能够改善座椅悬架系统振动传递特性.     

环加氧酶抑制剂和前列腺素受体阻断剂缓解糖尿病大鼠的痛过敏

目的　观察环加氧酶 (COX)抑制剂和前列腺素 (PG)受体阻断剂在糖尿病大鼠痛过敏中的作用。方法　给糖尿病痛过敏大鼠后爪背部皮下注射COX抑制剂消炎痛和meloxicam ,以及EP1型PG受体阻断剂SC 192 2 0 ,测定糖尿病痛过敏大鼠的伤害性爪回缩阈值 (NPWT)和热潜伏期 (TL)的变化。结果　经典的COX抑制剂消炎痛能长时间、显著缓解糖尿病大鼠的机械性痛过敏 ;选择性环加氧酶 2 (COX 2 )抑制剂meloxicam ,可短时间缓解糖尿病大鼠的机械性痛过敏和热痛过敏 ;选择性EP1型PG受体阻断剂SC 192 2 0能显著缓解糖尿病大鼠的机械性痛过敏和热痛过敏。结论　COX抑制剂和EP1型PG受体阻断剂能缓解糖尿病大鼠的痛过敏 ,提示PGs在糖尿病大鼠痛过敏的产生和维持中起重要作用     

健胃愈疡颗粒对慢性胃炎伴幽门螺杆菌感染胃黏膜PAF、PS2的表达及对上皮细胞凋亡的影响

目的观察健胃愈疡颗粒(JWYY)对幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎胃黏膜乳癌相关肽(PS2)和血小板活化因子(plate-let activating factor,PAF)表达的变化,并分析其可能的作用机制。方法80例幽门螺杆菌感染慢性胃炎患者随机分为2组,治疗组42例给予健胃愈疡颗粒治疗,对照组38例给予西药三联药物治疗。应用胃镜下活检胃黏膜组织快速尿素酶和Warthin-Starry染色法检测幽门螺杆菌,应用Western blot检测PS2、PAF表达变化。应用末端转移酶介导的dUTP切口末段标记法(TUNEL)检测细胞凋亡。第4周复查胃镜。结果治疗组凋亡指数明显比对照组减少(P<0.05),治疗组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。Western blot检测显示:JWYY颗粒可上调PS2并下调PAF的表达,而对照组对胃黏膜PS2和PAF的表达影响不大。结论健胃愈疡颗粒治疗幽门螺杆菌(Hp)相关性胃炎可能与杀灭Hp、上调PS2和下调PAF的表达来抑制细胞凋亡有关。     

拉索式电涡流阻尼器力学模型及性能试验研究

提出一种新型的拉索式旋转电涡流减震系统,该系统由惯容器、弹簧和阻尼单元组成.为验证该减震系统的减震机理,建立了装配阻尼器的单层框架力学模型,分别进行了单层框架、导体盘为5 mm铜板、10 mm铜板、5 mm铁板、5 mm铜板与5 mm铁板复合时的惯容器和不同材质的导体盘在10、20、30、40 mm气隙下带电涡流阻尼器的振动测试,以分析导体盘与永磁体间的气隙大小、导体盘材质和导体盘厚度对阻尼器附加阻尼比的影响.试验结果表明:在铜板后附加铁板,阻尼增加至铜板的1.9倍、铁板的1.4倍,可最大化增加阻尼;气隙是影响电涡流阻尼的关键因素,当气隙增大时,阻尼比会迅速减小,调节气隙大小是改变结构附加阻尼比最有效和最容易的方法;阻尼器提供的阻尼比最大可达15.40%,证实了该阻尼器具有较强的耗能能力.     

骨架密实型低噪声路面的声振特性

为探讨骨架密实型低噪声路面的降噪机理,分别采用驻波管装置测试了SDQP路面的吸声系数,重复加载法测试了SDQP混合料的复合模量,轮胎/路面振动测试装置研究了轮胎在不同路面上的垂直振动衰减特性。结果表明SDQP路面与SMA路面的吸声系数没有明显的差异,在整个频段上吸声系数很小;SDQP混合料的动态模量随着橡胶颗粒掺量的增加呈下降趋势,而阻尼逐渐提高;轮胎在SDQP路面的衰减系数最大,且随着橡胶颗粒掺量的增加而增大,说明SDQP路面具有较好的阻尼减振降噪能力,吸声降噪性能并不占优。     

非饱和混合土动剪切模量与阻尼比试验研究

川西山区广泛分布着崩坡积混合土,且在自然条件下常处于非饱和状态。动剪切模量和阻尼比是进行场地地震反应分析时必不可少的动力特性参量。为研究该地区上述两个参数的影响因素,运用动三轴仪,获取了小应变范围内循环荷载作用下混合土动应力应变骨干曲线、滞回曲线,拟合得到动剪切模量/最大动剪切模量-剪应变幅值和阻尼比-剪应变幅值曲线,系统研究了两个曲线函数随含水量和细颗粒含量的变化规律。研究结果表明:饱和程度和细颗粒含量对动剪切模量和阻尼比有显著影响,其影响程度还与矿物成分有关;在对比分析基础上,提出适用于崩坡积混合土在饱和、非饱和状态下的动剪切模量比和阻尼比推荐值,为川西山区地震安全评估提供参数取值依据。      

The experimental observation on the repairing spinal cord injury by olfactory ensheathing cells allograft of different sources

Objecttive To observe the repaired effect of distinct source olfactory ensheathing cells （OECs） on spinal cord injury （SCI） rats. Methods These OECs were dissociated from olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosa of SD rats and transplanted to the injuried region of spinal cord injury rats. The function of nerve, motor evoked potential of hind legs and the histopathlogical diversities of injuried spinal cord were observed. Results The OECs grafts into the SCI area could survive longer time. The BBB scale, incubation stage of EP and histopathologic manifestations showed that the group with transplanted OECs regained more improvement in hindlimb than the control group. Conclusion The OECs of two sources have the same ability to regain and improve the axonal function which can promote axons regeneration of SCI.