基于融合技术的BP算法在发动机诊断中的应用

主要融合了怠速控制阀信号、喷油驱动器信号及水温传感器信号,设计了通过提取信号特征值,应用神经网络故障识别系统诊断发动机怠速不良故障。信号特征以各自信号的特点提取,其中怠速控制阀信号为脉宽调制信号,选取脉宽及幅值等参数为特征;喷油驱动器信号也为脉宽调制信号,选取喷油时间和峰值电压等为特征;水温信号因其为慢速变化信号,取不同阶段的水温为特征。神经网络的BP算法加入动量项法和动态参数两阶段调整法进行改进。     

Adaptation Strategy for Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Common Rail Pressure to Improve Transient Torque Response in Diesel Engines

Fuel injection limitation algorithms are widely used to reduce particulate matter (PM) emissions under transient states in diesel engines. However, the limited injection quantity leads to a decrease in the engine torque response under transient states. To overcome this issue, this study proposes an adaptation strategy for exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and common rail pressure combined with a fuel injection limitation algorithm. The proposed control algorithm consists of three parts: fuel injection limitation, EGR adaptation, and rail pressure adaptation. The fuel injection quantity is limited by adjusting the exhaust burned gas rate, which is predicted based on various intake air states like air mass flow and EGR mass flow. The control algorithm for EGR and rail pressure was designed to manipulate the set-points of the EGR and rail pressure when the fuel injection limitation is activated. The EGR controller decreases the EGR gas flow rate to rapidly supply fresh air under transient states. The rail pressure controller increases the rail pressure set-point to generate a well-mixed air-fuel mixture, resulting in an enhancement in engine torque under transient states. The proposed adaptation strategy was validated through engine experiments. These experiments showed that PM emissions were reduced by up to 11.2 %, and the engine torque was enhanced by 5.4 % under transient states compared to the injection limitation strategy without adaptation.     

快速控制原型技术在水平对置二行程柴油机上的应用

根据水平对置二行程柴油机控制逻辑和喷射时序要求,使用Matlab/Simulink构建系统的控制策略和算法模型,包括轨压控制、状态检测、喷油量计算、逻辑处理和凸轮轴信号模拟模型.模型中轨压控制采用增量式数字PID控制算法,转速控制采用MAP查询方式.控制策略和算法模型的建立应用了Simulink模块库,系统状态检测模型...     

基于共轨OBD系统的轨压传感器故障诊断研究

通过对高压共轨系统燃油喷射压力的特性研究,提出了轨压传感器相关故障的检测方案,包括轨压传感器开路故障、对电源短路故障以及漂移故障。设计了相应的诊断软件,并给出了保护策略,在柴油机上完成了各种轨压传感器故障诊断试验。试验结果表明,该诊断方法能有效地识别轨压传感器的各种相关故障,相应保护策略也能及时地起作用,达到了OBD系统应用要求。     

一种实现组合燃烧模式闭环控制的宽域氧传感器控制器

为了降低重型增压燃气发动机燃料消耗和热负荷,并使之运行在稀薄燃烧区,设计了一种宽域氧(UEGO)传感器控制器和基于此控制器快速实现稀薄燃烧控制的方法。该控制器通过采集UEGO、发动机转速和进气压力等信号,精确计算得到当前工况下的空燃比值,并与可标定的目标空燃比值进行比较,判断当前混合气的浓稀状态,向基于理论空燃比控制的燃气发动机ECU实时输出模拟的开关型氧传感器信号。试验表明:控制器结合基于理论空燃比控制的ECU能实现燃气发动机理论空燃比燃烧和稀薄燃烧组合模式的闭环控制。     

VVL耦合喷油策略对GDI汽油机混合气形成的影响

利用三维仿真软件Ansys Fluent建立了GDI汽油机的仿真计算模型,就变气门升程耦合不同喷油策略对缸内气流运动和混合气形成的影响进行了模拟计算。结果表明,与大气门升程工况相比,小气门升程工况的缸内湍流运动强度、燃油蒸发和湿壁情况以及点火时刻混合气质量都明显改善;在小气门升程工况,采用两段喷油会缩短油气混合时间,过度推迟二次喷油时刻会恶化混合气质量和燃油湿壁情况;在大气门升程工况,两段喷油会改善混合气均匀性,随着二次喷油时刻推迟,燃油蒸发量增加,湿壁情况加剧,混合气质量得到改善;小气门升程工况下采用二次喷油时刻为470°曲轴转角,前后两次喷油量比例为7∶3的两段喷油方案在燃油蒸发和湿壁以及点火时刻缸内混合气质量这几个方面的效果都很好,是最合理的方案。     

Effective method for knock signal denoising in internal combustion engine

Uncontrolled expansion of combustion wave in spark ignited internal combustion engine causes knock effect which seriously degrades efficiency and lifetime of the engine. Thus, accurate knock detection and control are essential for obtaining a desired performance from the engine. Usually, knock sensor is used to detect this phenomenon but it has limited accuracy especially at engine high-speed rotations because of natural vibration and external noises. In this study an effective method based on Non-Local Mean (NLM) algorithm has been proposed to improve the knock detection accuracy. This method is evaluated based on four different indicators and four engine cylinders. The results show 52.9 % improvement in knock detection. Also feasibility of real time execution of this method based on embedded hardware has been studied.     

DPF对柴油机性能影响的仿真研究

利用GT-Power软件,分别建立了柴油机颗粒捕集器(DPF)和D19柴油机的仿真模型,并把二者进行耦合,研究了DPF对D19柴油机的功率、扭矩、缸压及燃油消耗率等方面的影响。研究结果表明,加装DPF会使发动机排气背压升高,输出功率与扭矩下降,缸内最高燃烧压力降低,燃油消耗率上升,且随着载体内颗粒物数量的增加,这种趋势更为明显;当DPF内炭烟加载量接近满载达到10 g/L时,D19发动机的功率、扭矩已有明显的下降趋势,在高转速下最高降幅达4%左右,燃油消耗率增幅为3%左右。     

瞬态成分提取在变速器齿轮故障诊断中的应用

基于小波包的信号瞬态成分检测与提取方法及其应用，提出基于小波包分解特征表示和瞬态特征重建方法并应用于汽车变速器齿轮的故障诊断，结果表明基于小波包分解的信号特征表示方法能有效检测信号中瞬态成分的存在，瞬态成分的重建结果有效地表示了齿轮的故障状态。     

Experiments on knocking and abnormal combustion through optical diagnostics in a boosted spark ignition port fuel injection engine

In this paper, flame front propagation during normal and abnormal combustion was investigated. Cycle-resolved flame emission imaging was applied in the combustion chamber of a port fuel injection-boosted spark ignition engine. The engine was fueled with a mixture of 90% iso-octane and 10% n-heptane by volume (Primary Reference Fuel 90: PRF90) and commercial gasoline. The combustion process was monitored from the flame kernel formation until the exhaust valves opened. Different phenomena associated with abnormal combustion were analyzed, including the fuel deposition burning. Moreover, the ignition surfaces and end-gas auto-ignitions were investigated in terms of timing, location and frequency of occurrence. The analysis was performed by considering different knocking intensities for both the selected fuels.     

便携式发动机燃油油压管外检测装置设计

发动机燃油油压检测对保障汽车正常运行具有现实意义。通过文章中设计的便携式发动机燃油油压管外检测装置,实现与燃油非直接接触式的无损油压检测。该装置通过机械转换机构、压力传感器、数据采集以及数据显示等几个组成部分实现管内压力的数据采集、模拟转换和实时显示。通过试制的便携式管外检测装置实际测量和使用,验证了文章中所述设计思路的正确性。     

基于振动信号的柴油机进排气系统故障诊断研究

提出了一种根据柴油机气缸盖振动信号诊断进排气系统故障的方法 ,介绍了对柴油机的振动信号进行小波降噪和小波分解 ,提取相应特征向量 ,然后将振动样本的特征向量作为径向基函数神经网络的输入参数 ,以故障类别作为输出参数训练该网络 ,训练后的神经网络可以利用测量的振动信号来判断柴油机的故障状况。仿真和试验证明该方法有效可行     

Optimization of blending oil with non-esterified biodiesel fuel using design of experiment at partial engine loads

Non-esterified bio-diesel fuel is more economically feasible than esterified one because of simple manufacturing process that only consists of filtering. Applicability of this fuel on diesel engine with electronic control system was tried and accomplished in a previous research. In this study, optimization adopting a fractional factorial design and response surface methodology was carried out at 25 % and 50 % of engine load in order to verify effectiveness of design of experiment for performance optimization of diesel engine. Pcr and IT mainly affected responses as specific fuel oil consumption and nitrogen oxides regardless of engine load according to the fractional factorial design. Estimations were 310.3 g/kWh of specific fuel oil consumption and 237 ppm of nitrogen oxides at 25 % load, and 233.2 g/kWh of specific fuel oil consumption and 730 ppm of nitrogen oxides at 50 % load according to the response surface methodology. As the results of verification tests, specific fuel oil consumption and NOx were respectively 300.4 g/kWh and 277 ppm at 25 % load, and 236.8 g/kWh and 573 ppm at 50 % load. Since there were small differences between estimations and verifications, adopting Box-Behnken method of the response surface methodology for performance optimization of diesel engine should be considered carefully.     

稀薄燃烧发动机改型设计及正时策略优化

基于某高速汽油机,对燃烧室结构、燃油喷射特性、凸轮型线改型设计为稀薄燃烧发动机。提出利用响应面模型对正时策略进行分析和优化的研究方法,并建立利用响应面进行多目标优化计算的流程。以提高有效功率和降低有效燃油消耗率为优化目标,以点火正时、空燃比和进排气正时为设计变量,建立了发动机性能与响应面耦合优化模型。分析与试验结果表明:较标准混合比燃烧时,稀薄燃烧发动机的进排气提前角减小,点火正时提前,最低燃油消耗率下降3.9%,最大功率提升9.7%;同时利用响应面优化方法提高了优化效率。     

别克轿车空气质量流量传感器故障诊断与分析

空气质量流量传感器工作性能稳定与否对电控多点燃料喷射发动机的工作影响很大。针对一款别克GLX轿车出现的动力不足,加速不良且伴有″回火″现象的故障,从验证故障码,检查供油压力和传感器等方面对其进行了诊断分析。诊断分析及修复结果表明,该车装备的旁通道热线式空气质量流量传感器因严重积垢使热传导性变差,导致大流量时其输出信号偏低,从而使混合气过稀是导致上述故障的原因。     

基于CAE分析的某车型发动机舱内饰优化设计

针对某车型发动机舱内多个零部件发生烤焦和烤化问题,根据CAE对整车爬坡工况时机舱内空气流动状函分析结果,得出此问题是由发动机舱进风量不足、发动机舱前部和后部存在空气热回流等现象所引起的。文章通过增加散热器导风板、修改前保险杠上部装饰板和发动机底部护板等措施,使总进风量提高了5．6％,发动机舱后部靠近前围外隔热垫温度明显降低。改善了发动机舱的内流状况,为后续的机舱内饰设计提供了新的思路和方法。     

Effects of mixture formation on WOT output of a direct-injection gasoline engine

The effects of in-cylinder charge motion, fuel spray characteristics and piston crown geometry on WOT output of a direct-injection gasoline engine were investigated. The mixture formation process in the cylinder was analyzed by computer simulation and LIF visualization. The results made clear the technical factors for achieving sufficient fuel–air mixing in a DI gasoline engine with a bowl-in-piston geometry optimized for stratified charge combustion.     

Effect of a 2-stage injection strategy on the combustion and flame characteristics in a PCCI engine

Recently, to reduce environmental pollution and the waste of limited energy resources, there is an increasing requirement for higher engine efficiency and lower levels of harmful emissions. A premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) engine, which uses a 2-stage type injection, has drawn attention because this combustion system can simultaneously reduce the amount of NOx and PM exhausted from diesel engines. It is well known that the fuel injection timing and the spray angle in a PCCI engine affect the mixture formation and the combustion. To acquire two optimal injection timings, the combustion and emission characteristics of the PCCI engine were analyzed with various injection conditions. The flame visualization was performed to validate the result obtained from the engine test. This study reveals that the optimum injection timings are BTDC 60° for the first injection and ATDC 5° for the second injection. In addition, the injection ratio of 3 to 7 showed the best NOx and PM emission results.     

汽车发动机诊断的统计模拟方法

运用统计模拟的方法，提取发动机信号的故障特征，并给出这些特征值的置信区间，实现了故障的定量诊断。在柴油机供油系统和汽车发动机中的诊断实践充分证明了该方法的优越性。     

Combustion development of a Bi-Fuel engine

Environmental improvement and energy issues are increasingly becoming more important as worldwide concerns. Natural gas is a good alternative fuel that can help to improve these issues because of its large quantity and clean burning characteristics. This paper provides the experimental performance results of a Bi-Fuel engine that uses Compressed Natural Gas as its Primary fuel and gasoline as its secondary fuel. This engine is a modification of the basic 1.4-liter gasoline engine. Generally, on the unmodified base engine, torque and power for CNG fuel are considerably lower than gasoline fuel. In this paper, the influence of fuels on wall temperature, performance and emissions are investigated.