船舶如何建立反海盗劫持的安全舱——“莫斯科大学”号油轮获救的启示

当今亚丁湾及索马里海域海盗活动日益猖獗,航行于该区域的船舶一旦被武装海盗劫持,海盗以船员作为人质,使各国护航海军武力解救被劫持船舶相当困难,当商船凭借己方力量不足以阻止海盗行为时,如何让船员躲进船上的"安全舱",避免被武装海盗控制作为人质,等待护航海军的武力解救,"莫斯科大学"号油轮获救是个成功案例,文中主要阐述船舶如何建立反海盗劫持的"安全舱"。     

有关防海盗及安全舱的几点思考

针对印度洋特别是亚丁湾海域海盗活动越来越猖獗的形势,航运公司纷纷采取各种行之有效的防抗措施,作为船舶防劫持的最后措施——安全舱的设置,已被国际航运界普遍接受。就实践中船舶设置船舶安全舱,防抗准备、实施和撤离等操作进行探讨和总结。     

船舶安全舱在防抗海盗中的作用和效能

本文简要分析了船舶安全舱在成功防抗海盗中的作用、性能、特点,提出了对于新改建设置船舶安全舱的建议,以期提高船舶防抗海盗的能力,减少被袭击的危险,确保船员和船舶的安全.     

海盗活动规律分析及应对措施

在相关专家研究的基础上,根据近年来国际海事组织(IMO)发布的《海盗和武装劫持船舶事件报告》,对海盗和武装劫持船舶事件进行统计、分析,找出海盗活动的一些规律,分析影响海盗事件发生的因素,并提出防止海盗和武装抢劫船舶的措施。     

船舶反海盗与ISPS规则

当今世界国际政治、经济矛盾日趋加剧,冲突不断,使得恐怖主义活动日益突出。特别是最近几年,海盗袭击和武装劫持船舶事件已引起各国政府及航运界的广泛关注。ISPS规则的实施为国际社会开展海上保安工作提供了可操作的国际法律框架,有效保障了国际航运业的安全。针对现代海盗特点,结合ISPS规则的相关要求提出船舶反海盗建议。     

2012年全球海盗案件回顾分析及新时期海盗防范展望

通过对2012年海盗案件的船舶和案例进行总结和分析,提出未来海盗劫持事件的高发地将会是西非地区,而非洲之角地区的劫持数量和成功率将继续下降,东南亚地区会继续维持以往的水平。随着各国船东防范意识的提高和私人武装护航日益普遍化,船员防海盗技能和船舶配备的防海盗设备逐步得到强化,海盗袭击数量会日趋减少,劫持率将呈下行之势。     

船舶安全通行亚丁湾及索马里海盗区的程序和措施

目前,船舶航行于亚丁湾及索马里海盗区依然存在被袭击和劫持的安全风险。文章根据实际工作经验详细介绍了如何确保船舶安全通行于该海盗区的程序和措施。     

希腊航运业呼吁政府成立一支反海盗部队

希腊航运界呼吁成立一支反海盗军队来保护船舶免受劫持．作为海盗整体方案的一部分需要政府的更多介入。希腊航运合作委员会（GSCC）表示，成立的国际反海盗武装队伍应配备武器．在海盗行为多发海域．过境船舶上的人员也应被授权使用武器抗击海盗。     

2013年全球海盗事件回顾及应对策略

通过对2013年全球水域海盗袭击船舶事件的汇总分析,总结海盗活动规律和特点,论述船舶防抗海盗是一项长期而艰巨的任务,只有时刻保持警醒,防范在前,周密部署,才能避免船舶被海盗袭击或劫持事件的发生,确保船员及船舶的安全。     

船舶防海盗措施及安全舱室的设计

当前,海盗劫持船舶已经常发生,如何保护船员和船舶的安全,已是船厂和船东急需解决的问题。通过对海盗攻击方式以及攻击线路的研究,从设计角度上阐述了防海盗措施的种类与方法,尽可能延缓海盗的攻击速度,并着重对安全舱室在船舶上的应用作了综合的分析研究,所制定的防盗措施已被实船部分使用,且获得船东认可。     

生活区舱室布局设计模糊层次分析综合评价

针对舰船舱室布局设计评估决策问题,提出基于层次分析法（AHP）和模糊综合坪价法（FCA）的模糊层次分析综合评价法。以生活区舱室布局设计评估为切入点,阐述评估指标体系构建、AHP法赋权分析和FCA法砰估决策的过程,并进行实例分析。通过理论论述和评估分析,证明综合评价法具有一定的吖行性和有效性,能够全面、直观地反映布局方案在总目标以及分指标上的满意程度。同时,在评估结果的荩础上,钊对方案改进和优化进行了论述。     

The jurisdictional challenges to the prosecution of piracy cases in Kenya: mixed fortunes for a perfect model in the global war against piracy

Since 2008 Kenya has distinguished itself in the global war against piracy by undertaking prosecutions in the national courts of suspected pirates arrested in the high seas and handed over by navies of leading maritime nations under bilateral agreements (MOUs) entered into between Kenya and these leading maritime nations. As of July 2011, Kenya had over 20 convicted pirates serving jail terms ranging between 7 and 20 years and over 100 suspected pirates awaiting trial in national courts. This is the largest number of suspected pirates held and tried in any one state at any given time in modern history. To achieve this, Kenya had to effect far reaching changes in the law. In the initial stages, suspected pirates were charged under Kenya’s Penal Code (Cap 63 Laws of Kenya). However, the high court in the case of Re Mohamud Mohamed Dashi and eight others [2010] eKLR, ruled that Kenya had no jurisdiction to try suspected pirates under that law. In September 2009, Kenya passed a new law (the Merchant Shipping Act), which not only defined more comprehensively and extensively the offence of piracy, but also extended the jurisdiction of Kenyan courts to try piracy committed by non-nationals. Though the law gives Kenya a very broad jurisdiction to try suspected pirates, the process is still fraught with challenges due to lack of financial and human resources. In the case of Republic vs Hassan Jama Haleys Alias Hassan Jamal and five others [2010] eKLR, the court commented thus:

“… I must note that the ‘piracy trials’ have presented a unique challenge to the Kenyan legal system. We cannot ignore the fact that these are suspects who having been arrested by foreign naval forces on the High Seas are brought to Kenya for trial. They are strangers in the country, do not understand the legal system, may not know what their rights are and do not understand the language… the Kenyan Government and the International partners supporting these trials put in place a system to provide free legal representation for the suspects…”     

英国普通法下被海盗劫持货物的全损认定

在索马里海盗行为发生后,对于被海盗劫持的货物能否认定为全损,英国法院给予了最新的解读和判决。英国法院认为,暂时地丧失占有权但不是货物所有权,不构成货物不可挽回的丧失。索马里海盗占有货物目的是索要赎金,货物可以通过支付赎金而被返还。因此,由于索马里海盗扣押货物而主张货物全损不能成立。     

Challenges to apprehension and prosecution of East African maritime pirates

The coast of East Africa, the Gulf of Aden and nearby waters of the Indian Ocean stand as the most pirate-ridden area of the seas at this time and naval forces from many nations have descended upon the region to ensure the safe passage of commercial vessels; yet piracy for ransom continues. The US, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and now the European Union deploy their navies to disrupt raids, intercept and capture pirates attacking ships passing through the region. However, apprehending pirates is only effective if they can also be brought to a court capable of adjudicating their guilt. Increasingly, the captured suspects are being disarmed and released, lacking a reliable nearby littoral state to prosecute them. In this region, with few viable states either willing or capable of holding piracy trials, apprehending pirates meets only part of the challenge of abating the practise. What is needed is a court system capable of adjudicating these cases; yet a thicket of both law and custom limits the ability of seagoing states to adequately arrest and hand over to reliable prosecution high seas pirates. This article addresses the problems inherent in abating piracy by these means off the coast of East Africa.     

“新永安”号客滚船整体舱室空调系统设计

随着人们生活水平的提高,市场对高端客滚船的需求越来越多,对于客滚船舒适度的关注也不断提升,尤其随着整体舱室技术的使用,其对空调系统设计提出了更高要求。以“新永安”号客滚船为例,从整体舱室、变风量系统、结构、噪声等方面着重介绍了空调系统的设计要点。通过设计要点的研究总结,既能够为未来整体舱室的运用可行性评估提供一个重要的评估指标,保证前期方案的准确性,也为客滚船空调系统的设计提供了一个较为全面的参考。     

Deterring the dauntless—appraising the effects of naval deterrence against the Somali piracy

This article considers whether the Somali pirates were deterred by the naval task forces between the years 2009 and 2013. By disaggregating data and using previously unpublished records regarding the naval operations, two areas of operations are identified as potential periods of deterrence. The article uses a model of asymmetric deterrence to study the outcomes and equilibria of the navy-pirate interaction. It is found that the naval operations eventually did deter the Somali pirates in the Gulf of Aden, but that this objective was not met in the Somali Basin. It is concluded that the operational focus on the Gulf of Aden coupled with the fact that the area is relatively smaller than the Somali Basin enabled the naval credibility, thus effectively denying the pirates access to the sea. Conversely, limited attention by the naval units and the long Somali southern coast with its open waters impeded naval control in the Somali Basin. In connection to these findings some conclusions regarding naval deterrence are discussed.     

一种新型的度汛结构方案

本文结合工程实例及物理模型试验,提出灌浆块石护顶的度汛结构方案,经济且有效解决了施工期结构度汛安全的问题。     

船舶遭劫持与船员国籍的非关联性探析

文中在分析索马里海域状况和索马里海盗袭击商船的历史和现状的基础上,对国际海事组织(IMO)和国际海事局(IMB)提供的有关索马里地区调查数据进行了分析,尤其是对被海盗所劫持船舶的船员构成作了详细的分析,并由此证明船员国籍和船舶劫持之间是否存在某种关系,船员是否会因为种族或者文化的原因更容易(或不容易)成为索马里海盗的受害者等。论文的研究为认识海盗的真实原因和采取对海盗的打击和预防措施提供了依据。     

防海盗技术在实船上的应用

综合防海盗技术及船舶设计建造实例，按照防海盗、挡海盗、躲海盗的设计思路，采取相应防御措施逐层抵御海盗入侵。实际使用结果显示，增加防海盗功能的远洋货船的反劫持能力得以提高，船员的生命安全得到保证。     

基于AM二次开发的居住舱室快速建模方法

为提高AVEVA Marine（AM）软件居住舱室建模的效率，运用C#对AM进行参数化居住舱室建模的二次开发。创建参数化居住舱室和家具，对其进行定位，实现居住舱室快速建模，简化建模工作和操作流程，提高建模效率，方便相关设计人员使用。对开发的参数化居住舱室快速建模功能进行实测，验证AM二次开发的高效性。