高速公路水淹路段病害原因及处治方法探讨

文章针对兰海高速公路K2120＋150～K2120＋500段路面水淹病害情况,分析了病害产生的原因,阐述了具体的病害处治方法,并探讨了病害治理过程中的交通管制和工程实施难点及解决措施。     

城市交通管制及道路改造对交通噪声的影响

本文通过对广元市城区部分交通干道交通管制,城市部分道路改造前后所造成的城市道路交通噪声监测情况进行对比分析,探讨交通管制及城市道路改造对城市交通干道噪声的影响。     

跨既有高速公路斜腿刚构桥拆除施工技术研究

文章结合柳州(鹿寨)至南宁高速公路改扩建需要拆除的两座跨线天桥工程特点,提出适用通车环境条件下,可有效实施的快速、安全拆除刚构梁桥的方法。依据具体跨线桥结构和现场交通环境,确定桥梁分跨拆除顺序以及调运方案,同时合理利用拆桥顺序对高速公路进行交通管制,保证桥下交通顺畅,可为相似工程提供借鉴。     

锚筋桩在公路边坡滑塌应急处置中的应用

锚筋桩防护结构具有整体稳定性好、抗弯抗剪强度大、施工速度快、对施工场地要求小等优点,适合用于对施工区域有限制、对交通管制有要求、垮塌速度快的道路既有边坡支护工程。文章以G65包茂高速公路为阳朔至平乐段边坡滑塌应急处置工程为例,介绍了锚筋桩在公路边坡滑塌应急处置中的应用方案。     

创作勘察设计精品,引领交通建设先锋——广西壮族自治区交通规划勘察设计研究院

广西壮族自治区交通规划勘察设计研究院现有7个管理部门和16个生产部门,是国家甲级勘察、设计及咨询单位,自治区文明单位.现持有工程总承包、公路全行业(公路、特大桥梁、特大隧道、交通工程)、水运全行业(港口工程、修造船厂水工工程、通航建筑物工程、航道工程、水上交通管制工程)、市政公用行业(道路)、工程勘察综合类、测绘资格、工程咨询、水土保持方案编制、地质灾害防治工程勘察、设计、施工甲级资质证书,同时还持有中华人民共和国对外承包工程经营资格证书、建筑行业建筑工程设计乙级、建设工程招标代理乙级和地基与基础工程专业承包、桩基检测等资质证书.2000年广西壮族自治区交通规划勘察设计研究院通过ISO9001质量管理体系认证.     

雾天高速公路交通事故成因分析及管理措施

文章分析了雾天高速公路交通事故的成因与特征,提出了相应的交通管制方式和处置措施,为雾天高速公路的交通管理工作提供思路。     

水泥粉煤灰稳定煤矸石基层施工控制技术

粉煤灰和煤矸石在道路工程中有很好的应用前景。为了推广应用粉煤灰和煤矸石,对水泥粉煤灰稳定煤矸石基层进行系统研究,本文阐述了水泥粉煤灰稳定煤矸石基层混合料材料组成设计,并从施工准备、施工放样、备料、拌和、运输和摊铺混合料、整型、碾压、接缝和调头处的处理以及养生和交通管制等方面提出了水泥粉煤灰稳定煤矸石基层施工方法对合理利用粉煤灰、煤砰石、减少环境污染等具有重要的研究意义。     

叠交隧道设计参数对既有隧道稳定性影响的动态模拟研究

在既有隧道下方新修隧道,其间距及交叉角度是影响工程稳定性的重要设计参数。为研究不同间距及交叉角度对既有隧道的影响,文章基于ABAQus平台,利用Python语言编程建立能够模拟间距及交叉角度动态变化的参数化模型,分析不同间距及交叉角度对既有隧道关键点变形的影响规律;基于Matlab语言编制有限元优化分析计算程序。以既有隧道关键点变形最小作为优化目标,对建立的动态模型进行计算,提出了适合于依托工程建设的间距及交叉角度的最优组合;将优化计算结果与工程现场监测数据进行对比。验证了文章计算结果的有效性和计算方法的优越性。其研究成果丰富了叠交隧道施工影响的仿真计算方法,对类似工程的设计和施工具有一定的指导意义。     

道路与桥梁工程交叉施工技术研究

为促进我国城市基建水平不断提高,对道路桥梁交叉工程进行概述,列举现阶段我国道路与桥梁工程交叉施工的注意事项,并提出道路与桥梁交叉工程施工的技术要点,以期更好地推动城市现代化建设。     

贺州至巴马公路（来宾至都安段）与柳南高铁交叉方案比选研究

文章针对贺州至巴马公路(来宾至都安段)与柳州至南宁高速铁路交叉工程特点,对柳南高铁在交叉区域附近的既有四座桥梁的下穿条件进行研究,通过实地调查,提出了上跨柳南高铁的K线方案和下穿柳南高铁的I线方案进行比选,从桥梁路线长度、桥梁规模、隧道规模、占地、工程投资等指标进行综合分析,推荐采用上跨柳南高铁的K线方案。K线方案主桥布置为2×80m预应力混凝土T构、转体施工,施工工艺成熟,且对桥下高铁运营安全有保障,可广泛应用于类似工程特点的高速公路与高铁交叉的工程实际中。     

A programmable calculation procedure for number of traffic conflict points at highway intersections

Traffic movement conflict points at intersections are the points at which traffic movements intersect (including crossing, merging, and diverging). Numbers and distribution of different types of conflict points are used to evaluate intersection access management designs and safety performance. Traditionally, the determination of the numbers of conflict points for different traffic movements is based on manual methods, which causes the difficulty for computerized procedures to evaluate safety performance of different access management designs. Sometimes, a programmable calculation procedure may provide more effective solutions as compared with manual methods. This paper presents a programmable calculation procedure for the determination of the numbers of conflict points, which could be used as a basis for a computerized procedure. Concepts of virtual movement lanes and intersection quadrants are introduced to specify types of intersections, traffic lane configurations, and traffic movement regulations. Calculation models, based on such concepts, for traffic movement conflict points at signalized and unsignalized intersections can be obtained. In support of the procedure, case studies are presented in the paper. The procedure presented in the paper can be programmed into a computer program for the purpose of a computerized evaluation of intersection safety and design performance of different access management or control approaches. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Profile of the accident prone older driver

Accident histories and other related records of elderly drivers were used to develop a profile of the accident prone older driver in Michigan. Elderly drivers were defined as drivers with age greater than or equal to 65 years. The variables used in the study were developed by stratifying drivers age, sex, and residency; type of accident and violation; and number of traffic infraction points received. Comparisons were made between these strata, and the statistical significance of observed patterns in cross tabulated data was tested by performing the chi-square test. The results of the study indicate that, by and large, the elderly drivers from urban areas as compared to those from rural areas, and male drivers as compared to females are more likely to be cited for traffic violations. The statistical analysis showed some recognizable traits of the “young” elderly drivers that suggest prioritized safety countermeasures oriented toward them.     

Developing control strategies for freeway merging points under congested traffic situations using modeling and a simulation approach

This work focuses on developing a variety of strategies for alleviating congestion at freeway merging points as well as improving the safety of these points. On the Tokyo Metropolitan Expressway, traffic congestion frequently occurs at merging bottleneck sections, especially during heavy traffic demand. The Tokyo Metropolitan Expressway public corporation, generally applies different empirical strategies to increase the flow rate and decrease the accident rate at the merging sections. However, these strategies do not rely either on any behavioral characteristic of the merging traffic or on the geometric design of the merging segments. There have been only a few research publications concerned with traffic behavior and characteristics in these situations. Therefore, a three‐year extensive study has been undertaken to investigate traffic behavior and characteristics during the merging process under congested situations in order to design safer and less congested merging points as well as to apply more efficient control at these bottleneck sections. Two groups of strategies were investigated in this study. The First group was related to the traffic characteristics, and the second group to the geometric characteristics. In the first group, the control strategies related to closure of freeway and ramp lanes as well as lane‐changing maneuver restriction were investigated through a simulation program, detector data, and field experiment. In the second group, the angle of convergence of the ramp with the freeway in relation to merging capacity was analyzed using a simulation program. Results suggested the potential benefits of using proposed strategies developed in this work and can serve as initial guidance for the reduction of delay and improvement of safety under congested traffic conditions.     

上承式跨河拱桥控制爆破拆除施工方法

文章以拆除西江航线桂平一线船闸上引航道交通桥为例,阐述了爆破拆除施工的基本原理、工艺流程以及施工中的注意事项,为类似复杂环境中的旧桥爆破拆除施工提供参考。     

Safety impacts of signalized lane merge control at highway work zones

Lane closures due to highway work zones present many challenges to the goal of ensuring smooth traffic operations and a safe environment for both drivers and workers. Late merge behavior at a work zone closure is a dangerous behavior that impacts the traffic conflicts upstream of work zone closures. This paper analyzes the safety impacts of using a signalized lane control strategy at the work zone merge points. To achieve the objective of this research, a field study has been conducted at a highway work zone to collect traffic and driver behavior data, and a two-stage, simulation-based approach is used to analyze the safety impacts of implementing a signalized lane merge control strategy at the studied work zone. In the first stage, micro-simulation models are developed and calibrated based on field data to generate vehicle trajectories. In the second stage, the U.S. Federal Highway Administration’s Surrogate Safety Assessment Model is employed to identify potential conflicts under different traffic conditions. The paper concludes that a proposed signal control device could significantly reduce lane-change conflicts at work zone merge points. In addition, recommendations on the signal cycle length and timing splits are provided.     

Group attitude and hybrid sanctions: Micro-econometric evidence from traffic law

In many legal domains hybrid sanctions – i.e. the joint use of both monetary and non-monetary sanctions – are usually applied. We suggest that one possible rationale behind this form of sanction is targeting group-specific deterrence. For some groups of agents, hybrid sanctions act indeed as a self-selection mechanism such that deterrence is obtained only after a critical threshold of infractions is reached. We apply our model to traffic law infractions and further test it, performing a micro-econometric analysis on a unique dataset of a representative sample of 50,000 Italian drivers, over six years (2003–2009), after the introduction of a penalty points system. Our findings empirically confirm our theoretical predictions. When repeated infractions are at stake, well-designed hybrid sanctions, such as the penalty point system designed for traffic law enforcement, may indeed increase overall deterrence. Our results shed new light on the role of the combined monetary and non-monetary sanctions to perform general and specific deterrence.     

Theory of safety surrogates using vehicle trajectories in macroscopic and microscopic settings: Application to dynamic message signs controlled traffic at work zones

This paper presents a new mathematical framework for obtaining quantitative safety measure using macroscopic as well as microscopic traffic data. The safety surrogate obtained from the macroscopic data is in terms of analysis performed on vehicle trajectories obtained from the macroscopic data. This method of obtaining safety measure can be used for many different types of applications. The safety surrogate for the traffic dynamics are developed in terms of a new concept of Negative Speed Differentials (NSD) that involve a convolution of vehicle speed function obtained from vehicle trajectories and then performing the integration of the square of the output for its negative values. The framework is applicable to microscopic traffic dynamics as well where we can use car following models for microscopic dynamics or the LWR model for macroscopic dynamics. This paper then presents the use of this new safety surrogate on the development of a feedback control law for controlling traffic in work zones using Dynamic Message Signs. A hybrid dynamics model is used to represent the switching dynamics due to changing DMS messages. A feedback control design for choosing those messages is presented as well as a simple simulation example to show its application.     

Priority for public transit in Germany

Priority for public transit includes a large variety of measures, including improvements to infrastructure and vehicles. For vehicles, the low floor concept is of particular importance. The central points of priority measures, however, are improvements of traffic control by traffic signals. Here, an improved sensitivity regarding public transit vehicles is the key to a remarkable reduction of factors causing delay. Different techniques for a traffic actuated signal control and different strategies regarding the degree of priority are applied. Thus, especially the reliability of public transit operations is increased. The priority efforts must be embedded in an integrated plan covering the whole urban or metropolitan transportation system.