基于m法的高桩结构可视化分析系统的开发与应用

本文通过对ANSYS有限元分析软件提供的两种专用开发工具ANSYS参数化设计语言（APDL）和图形用户界面设计语言（UIDL）的研究和分析，开发了基于m法的高桩结构可视化分析系统，该系统具有操作方便、计算准确和实用性强等特点，可以很方便地考虑多层地基和变刚度桩问题，为桩基水平承载力设计提供了良好的计算平台，具有直接的应用价值。     

软土地基上桩基轨道梁的沉降控制

在软土地基上设计桩基轨道梁,桩基的长度和间距直接影响轨道梁的安全和工程造价。如何获得既满足轨道梁沉降控制要求又经济合理的桩基长度,成为该类工程的主要技术问题。考虑轨道梁刚度和桩基刚度共同作用,研究桩基未进入坚硬持力层的桩基式轨道梁受力模式,采用明德林桩基沉降计算方法,分析不均匀沉降对软土桩基式轨道梁受力的影响,提出切实可行的不均匀软土地基上轨道梁沉降控制的设计方法。     

在水平静力作用下全直桩码头结构整体筒化计算方法

基于基桩＋刚性平台空间简化计算模型,提出了全直桩码头在水平荷载作用下整体结构的简化计算方法,并进行算例验证。结果表明,三维简化计算的桩顶位移、内力与有限元方法计算结果接近,简化计算精度一般情况可以满足结构设计分析的需要。全直桩码头桩基纵横向抗推总刚度相同,基桩纵横向抗推刚度对码头平台抗扭刚度的影响系数近似,与桩基布置的宽长比b／l的二次方成正比。因此,b／l〉0．5时,按规范方法进行横向力分配计算将会有较大的误差,此时宜直接按三维空间简化计算。     

高桩码头横向分力在各排架的分配

高桩码头设计是按弹性支承刚性梁法计算横向分力在各排架上的分配。但随着大直径桩的应用,桩基的水平刚度可比过去传统的小直径方桩增大许多倍,有些特殊的长分段码头其分段长度与平台宽度之比很大,是否无论码头分段多长、平台多窄、桩基如何选型及布置都能按刚性梁法计算分配排架横向分力？对此进行研究,解决了以下2个问题：1）在什么条件下可采用刚性梁法,在什么条件下应采用弹性梁法;2）当平台截面与排架水平刚度一定时,分段超过多少跨后,对减小排架承担的船舶撞击力或系缆力影响不大。有助于设计判断采用哪种计算方法,并从有效减小排架横向分力的角度上考虑确定不宜超过的分段跨数,可供设计参考。     

桩基支撑轨道梁结构设计影响因素分析

桩基支撑轨道梁是具有弹性支座的连续梁结构，计算发现并非轨道梁尺寸越大，结构就越安全。设计参数相近时不同项目采用的轨道梁尺寸及桩基布置有较大差异。对此，从桩基竖向抗压刚度、桩距、轨道梁刚度3个方面进行轨道梁内力分析。结果表明当荷载和桩基布置确定时，存在一个最优梁高，使得轨道梁钢筋用量最小。进一步分析可知，当荷载和梁长度一定时，轨道梁的内力分布与桩和梁的相对刚度有关。在设计桩基支撑轨道梁时需试算出最优相对刚度，可使内力分布更合理且节省工程造价。同时，基于工程实例给出不同桩距下的最优相对刚度区间，可为类似项目的设计提供参考。     

高桩码头桩基损伤形状及大小对结构的影响分析

随着我国航运事业的高速发展,各种码头工程越来越多。在码头工程的建设过程中,桩基部分的建设质量对工程质量有着非常直接的影响,如果其强度没有达到设计的强度,容易造成各种安全隐患。为了对高桩码头的桩基强度进行检测,通常采用的是低应变反射波检测法,在实际检测中,需要在桩体上切割传感器和激振平台,对桩体会造成一定的损伤。为此,本文将以一个高桩基码头的桩基为研究对象,有效研究水平载荷作用下割桩损伤大小和形状对桩身压力所产生的影响。根据研究结果显示,在桩基割上部位存在着一定的应力集中现象,对损伤的形状也比较敏感。该试验结果对桩基检测切割平台的形状设计可以提供有效的参考看。     

弹性支承连续梁结构设计方法的探讨

在港口码头设施中,轨道式起重机是最常用的装卸设备.这些在轨道上运动的机械设备荷载(轮压)非常大.如果轨道梁采用桩基支承,其结构应按弹性支承连续梁的力学模型进行结构计算,那么在桩基的轴向刚度系数(弹性支座的刚度)的取值、桩距的确定、梁截面的选择等弹性支承连续梁设计参数中弹性支座的刚度系数取值是关键所在.     

基于变刚度调平法的储煤筒仓桩基设计方案

结合黄骅港煤码头三期工程储煤筒仓群的桩基结构设计实例,重点介绍筒仓桩基变刚度调平设计的基本思路与方法。通过多种桩基型式的对比分析和模型试验研究,优选出经济合理的后注浆法灌注桩方案,可为沿海软土地区建设大型筒仓群提供借鉴。     

深海石油平台锚桩承载力的研究

目前深海石油平台广泛采用桩基锚固形式,深海锚桩与浅海桩基的受力形式存在较大差异。采用三维有限元软件模拟深海锚桩的受力情况,重点分析深海锚桩在受缆索斜向拉力作用时,不同加载角度和系泊点位对桩基水平承载力和竖向抗拔承载力的影响,可供深海石油平台设计研发参考。     

桩顶刚度等效法及其工程应用

基于近海工程桩基模拟中存在问题，本文提出了一种直接代替桩基作用的新方法－桩顶刚度等效法，文中叙述该法的基本概念和计算方法，并结合实例，详细阐述工程应用问题。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。