山东省高速公路收费站房建规模探讨

探讨高速公路收费站建设原则,结合山东省实际,提出了收费站建设规模测算办法,并以此总结出了收费站建设标准.     

青海省高等级公路收费站安防设施建设分析

通过对青海省高等级公路收费站所处环境、站区管理和安全保障工作的客观分析,提出了收费站网络监控建设需求。     

由路桥收费站引发的思考——说长道短话整治

<正>1984年广东省在全国率先建立路桥收费站,实行公路项目收费还贷政策。这是国家加快公路建设步伐的重要政策。这一政策实施以来,全国各地的路桥收费站如雨后春笋般建立起来了。大大地加快了全国公路建设的步伐,改善了投资环境,繁荣了城乡市场,应该加以肯定。 然而,事物都是一分为二的,路桥收费站在为公路建设筹资立下汗马功劳的同时,也暴露出这样和那样的问题。     

河南省高速公路自由流服务型收费站建设方案——以郑州南收费站为例

为适应科技发展带来的收费站运营管理模式变化,以郑州南收费站为例,探索自由流服务型收费站建设方案。在建设思路方面,针对项目定位、功能设置、场区布局分别提出由运营转为经营、由管理转为服务、由封闭转为开放等理念;在建设定位方面,结合项目实际提出服务高速、服务司乘、服务机场等目标;在建设方案方面,提出采用开放化处理、灵活布局的设计方法,以更好地满足办公管理和公共服务需求,同时为河南省其他新建或改建自由流服务型收费站项目提供建设思路。     

杭瑞示范工程的“廉政阳光六同长效”建设模式

优质高效目标与廉政阳光目标同确立;高速公路建设与党风廉政建设合同同签订;质量安全进度与廉政阳光公开同考核;"两型交通"建设与基层党的建设同探索;建设施工监理设计与纪检检察司法审计联动机制同建立;经济社会效应与刚毅品牌效应同发挥。     

视频接入在高速公路收费站系统中的应用探讨

高速公路向高清化、网络化、智能化的方向发展,传统的模拟视频的应用已经不能够灵活地适应于大规模的视频监控系统。在收费站监控系统中,对收费站视频的控制不仅要实现高速公路的通畅运行,安全防范的目的。也为收费记录与工作人员考核提供宝贵的资料。本文集合高速公路收费站视频监控系统的建设与实践,对收费站视频监控系统中的视频接入的方案与应用进行了探讨与分析。     

分布式光伏发电在高速公路收费站的应用

文章依托广西南宁五塘收费站管理区安装分布式太阳能光伏发电项目,探讨高速公路收费站应用分布式太阳能光伏发电的建设流程与运行模式,并通过验证发电效率、转换效率等关键指标,分析高速公路收费站应用分布式太阳能光伏发电的经济效益、存在的风险及保障措施,研究其推广应用的可行性。     

高速公路收费站无人值守发卡运营管理模式研究

高速公路收费站无人值守发卡系统采用无人值守发卡机发卡代替传统人工发卡,具有节约入口排队等候时间、节约建设及运营成本、性能稳定和可靠性高等特点。文章介绍了高速公路收费站无人值守发卡运营管理模式及工作流程,分析了采用无人值守发卡机的应用价值,指出其具有广阔的应用领域和市场前景。     

高速公路收费站管理模式创新实践

高速公路在现代交通系统中起重要作用,为进一步提高高速公路服务质量、优化用户体验,从高速公路收费站管理角度出发,对创新高速公路收费站管理模式进行研究。首先,阐释高速公路收费站管理现状;其次,分析高速公路收费站管理模式创新优势和面临的挑战;最后,提出高速公路收费站管理模式创新策略,以期为高速公路收费站管理工作提供参考。     

普通收费公路：问题与应对

在国家出台逐步取消二级公路收费站及费改税等一系列政策以后，全国上下要求撤销公路收费站的呼声空前高涨。鉴于收费公路政策仍是今后相当时期内筹集公路基础设施建设资金的主要渠道，如何消解普通收费公路所存在的诸多弊端已然成为热门话题？     

Bridge and tunnel toll elasticities in New York

In 1992, the authors carried out a statistical analysis of Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority (TBTA) crossings in New York City, to determine the impact of toll increases on traffic volumes and revenue. Using twelve years of monthly time-series data, we developed a set of multiple regression models that estimated traffic volumes on each TBTA bridge and tunnel as a function of the toll level and other explanatory variables. In most cases, the estimated toll elasticities were negative and much less than 1.0 in absolute value; the median toll elasticity for automobiles was found to be –0.10. Our finding that automobile travel demand is highly inelastic with respect to toll rates is consistent with most previous travel demand studies.     

Optimal toll locations and toll levels in congestion pricing schemes: a case study of Stockholm

As congestion pricing has moved from theoretical ideas in the literature to real-world implementation, the need for decision support when designing pricing schemes has become evident. This paper deals with the problem of finding optimal toll levels and locations in a road traffic network and presents a case study of Stockholm. The optimisation problem of finding optimal toll levels, given a predetermined cordon, and the problem of finding both optimal toll locations and levels are presented, and previously developed heuristics are used for solving these problems. For the Stockholm case study, the possible welfare gains of optimising toll levels in the current cordon and optimising both toll locations and their corresponding toll levels are evaluated. It is shown that by tuning the toll levels in the current congestion pricing cordon used in Stockholm, the welfare gain can be increased significantly, and furthermore improved by allowing a toll on a major bypass highway. It is also shown that, by optimising both toll locations and levels, a congestion pricing scheme with welfare gain close to what can be achieved by marginal social cost pricing can be designed with tolls being located on only a quarter of the tollable links.     

Joint road toll pricing and capacity development in discrete transport network design problem

The paper demonstrates a method to determine road network improvements that also involve the use of a road toll charge, taking the perspective of the government or authority. A general discrete network design problem with a road toll pricing scheme, to minimize the total travel time under a budget constraint, is proposed. This approach is taken in order to determine the appropriate level of road toll pricing whilst simultaneously addressing the need for capacity. The proposed approach is formulated as a bi-level programming problem. The optimal road capacity improvement and toll level scheme is investigated with respect to the available budget levels and toll revenues.     

Toll Roads in Australia: An Overview of Characteristics and Accuracy of Demand Forecasts

Abstract

A primary motivation of this paper is to draw together, in one source, information on the nature, extent and performance of Australia's evolving toll road network which is currently spread across many disparate published and unpublished sources. This paper provides key information (e.g. length, toll rates, year opened, operator(s) and payment alternatives) on all of the fully interoperable toll roads in Australia that are present in Sydney (e.g. the M2, M4, M5, etc.), Melbourne (CityLink and EastLink) and Brisbane (the Gateway Bridge, the Logan Motorway and the Gateway Extension). Where available, we compare and discuss actual traffic levels and forecasts, revealing the sizeable gap or ‘error’ in forecasts, especially during the first year of operation. Ordinary least squares regression and panel random effects regression models are developed to identify potential sources of explanation of differences in error forecasts between the Australian toll roads at various points post the opening date. A separate analysis of a sample of toll roads in the USA was also undertaken that supports the main findings from the Australian toll road network. Key influences on errors in forecasts are the capacity of a toll road, the elapsed time that the toll road has been in place, the specific period of time in which a tolled road is introduced into the network (which influences the complexity of route options including multiple tolled routes and hence toll saturation), the length of the tolled route, the presence of cash payment and the charging regime (i.e. fixed vs. distance‐based or variable user tolls).     

高速公路车辆隐性逃费的原因与建议

隐性偷费逃费行为是指车主利用收费管理漏洞在行驶途中交换、倒卖、藏匿通行卡以达到偷逃通行费目的的行为。文章介绍了高速公路车辆隐性偷费逃费行为的几种常见形式,分析了隐性偷费逃费行为发生的主客观原因,并提出了具体的应对措施及建议。     

高速公路堵漏增收工作的现状及对策

堵漏增收工作是收费管理工作的一项主要内容,是促进收费管理工作规范、有序发展的重要保障。文章阐述了高速公路车辆偷逃通行费的主要形式及特点,并从管理角度着手探讨了车辆通行费的堵漏增收对策。     

How much is too much for tolled road users: Toll saturation and the implications for car commuting value of travel time savings?

The current practice of forecasting the demand for new tolled roads typically assumes that car users are prepared to pay a higher toll for a shorter journey, and they will keep doing so as long as the toll cost is not higher than their current value of travel time savings. Practice ignores the possibility that there could be a point when motorists stop driving on toll roads due to a toll budget constraint. The unconstrained toll budget assumption may be valid in networks where the addition of a new toll road does not result in a binding budget constraint that car users may have for using toll roads (although it could also be invoked for existing tolled routes through a reduction in use of a tolled route). In a road network like Sydney which offers a growing number of (linked) tolled roads, the binding budget constraint may be invoked, and hence including additional toll links might in turn reduce the car users’ willingness to pay for toll roads to save the same amount of travel time. When this occurs, car users are said to reach a toll saturation point (or threshold) and begin to consider avoiding one or more toll roads. Whilst toll saturation has important implications for demand forecasting and planning of toll roads, this type of behaviour has not been explored in the literature. We investigate the influence that increasing toll outlays has on preferences of car commuters to use one or more tolled roads as the number of tolled roads increases. The Sydney metropolitan area offers a unique laboratory to test this phenomenon, with nine tolled roads currently in place and another five in planning. The evidence supports the hypothesis that the value of travel time savings decreases as a consequence of toll saturation.     

高速公路集中监控系统设备运行维护初探

高速公路监控系统主要用于实时监控收费站各收费车道、收费亭、出入口广场的收费情况。文章分析了当前高速公路集中监控系统设备运行维护存在的主要问题,提出了针对性的解决措施及建议,为进一步完善高速公路监控系统维护工作提供参考。     

Welfare effects of congestion pricing in Singapore

This paper examines the Singapore Area License Scheme. Changes in scheduling and choices of transportation mode by commuters are discussed. Although the toll is shown to reduce travel times for many commuters, many commuters are shown to incur scheduling costs as a result of the toll. Using estimated parameters of an indirect utility function, welfare functions are computed to compare welfare levels prior to, and just after, the toll was put into place. The evidence suggests that the toll may have reduced welfare.     

浅谈高速公路收费员管理的误区及改进措施

文章分析了目前大多数高速公路公司在收费员管理上存在的误区,并结合收费员的工作特点,提出了针对性的改进措施,同时介绍了广西坛百高速公路有限公司收费员管理的经验做法。